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Scraped a 4h Spanish fundamentals YouTube video (transcript + OCR on 14810 frames), extracted structured content across 52 chapters, and generated fill-in-the-blank quizzes for every grammar topic. - 13 new GrammarNote entries (articles, possessives, demonstratives, greetings, poder, al/del, prepositional pronouns, irregular yo, stem-changing, stressed possessives, present/future perfect, present indicative conjugation) - 1010 generated exercises across all 36 grammar notes (new + existing) - Fix tense guide parser to handle unnumbered *Usages* blocks - Rewrite 6 broken tense guide bodies (imperative, subj pluperfect, subj future) with numbered usage format - Bump courseDataVersion 5→6 with TenseGuide refresh on upgrade - Add docs/spanish-fundamentals/ with raw transcripts, polished notes, structured JSON, and exercise data Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
59 lines
2.3 KiB
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59 lines
2.3 KiB
Markdown
# 29. Reflexive Verbs
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> Source: [A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish (The Conclusion)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YHDZSHCt1DE&t=7780s)
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Reflexive verbs in Spanish are verbs whose action is applied to oneself. A useful way to think of them is that the English equivalent often follows a preposition (wash → wash up, sit → sit down, go → go away). The infinitive ends in **-se** (lavar → lavarse), and a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos, os, se) is placed before the conjugated verb.
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## Key Rules
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- Drop **-se** and conjugate the base verb normally; add the matching reflexive pronoun in front.
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- Pronouns: **me, te, se, nos, os, se**.
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- In the present progressive, the pronoun usually goes before *estar* (Te estás lavando), or attached to the gerund (Estás lavándote — accent required).
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- The reflexive form often shifts meaning, mirroring English particle verbs (give vs. give up).
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- Works in every tense; just conjugate the base verb in that tense and keep the pronoun.
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## Conjugation / Pattern Tables
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### Reflexive pronouns
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| Subject | Pronoun |
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|---|---|
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| yo | me |
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| tú | te |
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| él/ella/usted | se |
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| nosotros | nos |
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| vosotros | os |
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| ellos/ellas/ustedes | se |
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### Lavarse — present
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| Subject | Form |
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|---|---|
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| yo | me lavo |
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| tú | te lavas |
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| él/ella | se lava |
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| nosotros | nos lavamos |
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| vosotros | os laváis |
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| ellos | se lavan |
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## Examples
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| Spanish | English |
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|---|---|
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| Yo lavo el coche. | I wash the car. |
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| Yo me lavo las manos. | I wash up my hands. |
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| Tú te estás lavando. | You are washing up. |
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| Estás lavándote. | You are washing up. |
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| Él se lavó. | He washed up. |
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| Yo me baño. | I take a bath. |
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| Tú te levantaste. | You got up. |
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| Él se despertó. | He woke up. |
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| Yo me duermo. | I fall asleep. |
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| Yo me voy. | I leave / I go away. |
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| Yo me pongo. | I put (something) on / put down. |
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| Yo me siento. | I sit down. |
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| ¿Cómo te llamas? | What is your name? (lit. How do you call yourself?) |
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| Me llamo Alex. | My name is Alex. |
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## Notes & Gotchas
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- Don't say *Me llamo es Alex* or *Yo llamo Alex*; the verb itself contains "call oneself".
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- *Sentarse* is also stem-changing: yo me siento, tú te sientas.
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- *Ponerse* is irregular in yo: yo me pongo.
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- In a present-progressive sentence, attaching the pronoun to the gerund requires a written accent (lavándote, not lavandote).
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