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Trey t 47a7871c38 Add 13 new grammar notes with 1010 exercises from video extraction

Scraped a 4h Spanish fundamentals YouTube video (transcript + OCR on
14810 frames), extracted structured content across 52 chapters, and
generated fill-in-the-blank quizzes for every grammar topic.

- 13 new GrammarNote entries (articles, possessives, demonstratives,
  greetings, poder, al/del, prepositional pronouns, irregular yo,
  stem-changing, stressed possessives, present/future perfect, present
  indicative conjugation)
- 1010 generated exercises across all 36 grammar notes (new + existing)
- Fix tense guide parser to handle unnumbered *Usages* blocks
- Rewrite 6 broken tense guide bodies (imperative, subj pluperfect,
  subj future) with numbered usage format
- Bump courseDataVersion 5→6 with TenseGuide refresh on upgrade
- Add docs/spanish-fundamentals/ with raw transcripts, polished notes,
  structured JSON, and exercise data

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

2026-04-16 08:40:05 -05:00

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25. Past Tense for Regular Verbs (Preterite)

Source: video

The preterite (past simple) is formed by dropping the verb ending and adding preterite endings. -er and -ir verbs share the same endings — convenient! The yo and él/ella forms carry written accents.

Key Rules

Drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) and add the preterite ending.
-er and -ir verbs share identical preterite endings.
Yo and él/ella forms carry written accents on the final vowel: hablé, habló, comí, comió.
The nosotros form of -ar and -ir verbs is identical to the present — context (especially time markers like ayer) tells them apart.

Conjugation / Pattern Tables

Preterite endings

Pronoun	-ar	-er / -ir
yo	-é	-í
tú	-aste	-iste
él/ella	-ó	-ió
nosotros	-amos	-imos
vosotros	-asteis	-isteis
ellos	-aron	-ieron

hablar — to speak (preterite)

Pronoun	Form
yo	hablé
tú	hablaste
él/ella	habló
nosotros	hablamos
vosotros	hablasteis
ellos	hablaron

comer — to eat (preterite)

Pronoun	Form
yo	comí
tú	comiste
él/ella	comió
nosotros	comimos
vosotros	comisteis
ellos	comieron

vivir — to live (preterite)

Pronoun	Form
yo	viví
tú	viviste
él/ella	vivió
nosotros	vivimos
vosotros	vivisteis
ellos	vivieron

Examples

Spanish	English
Hablamos contigo ahora.	We speak with you now. (present)
Hablamos con ellos ayer.	We spoke with them yesterday. (preterite)
Vivimos en Las Vegas ahora.	We live in Las Vegas now. (present)
Vivimos en Los Ángeles hace un año.	We lived in Los Angeles a year ago. (preterite)
Yo comí pizza anoche.	I ate pizza last night.
Ella escribió una carta.	She wrote a letter.
Ellos trabajaron mucho.	They worked a lot.

Notes & Gotchas

The preterite describes completed actions in the past.
Look for time keywords to disambiguate nosotros forms: ayer, anoche, hace [time], el año pasado.
Accents matter: hablo (I speak, present) vs habló (he spoke, preterite).
This chapter covers regular verbs only — ser, ir, and many other irregulars are coming.

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