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53 lines
2.8 KiB
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53 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
# 50. Present Perfect Subjunctive
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> Source: [A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YHDZSHCt1DE&t=14313s)
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The present perfect subjunctive expresses what someone *has done* or what *has happened*, in the subjunctive form. It uses the present subjunctive of `haber` (`haya`, `hayas`, `haya`, `hayamos`, `hayáis`, `hayan`) plus a past participle, and is triggered by the same W.E.I.R.D. conditions as the regular present subjunctive.
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## Key Rules
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- Form: **present subjunctive of `haber` + past participle**.
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- The whole sentence must stay in the **present** — main clause in present indicative, subordinate clause in present perfect subjunctive.
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- Same W.E.I.R.D. triggers as the present subjunctive.
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- `haber + past participle` is **inseparable**: negatives and object pronouns go **before** `haya`.
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- One of the least-used subjunctives — more useful to recognize than to actively produce.
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## Conjugation / Pattern Tables
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### Auxiliary `haber` (present subjunctive)
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| Pronoun | Form |
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|---|---|
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| yo | haya |
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| tú | hayas |
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| él/ella | haya |
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| nosotros | hayamos |
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| vosotros | hayáis |
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| ellos | hayan |
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### Pattern
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`haya / hayas / haya / hayamos / hayáis / hayan` + past participle (`hablado`, `comido`, `vivido`, `dicho`, `hecho`, `escrito`, `visto`, `resuelto`, `dado`, `pasado`, `venido`, `estudiado`, `dormido`).
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## Examples
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| Spanish | English |
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|---|---|
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| Yo espero que tú hayas dormido bien. | I hope that you have slept well. |
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| Yo estoy feliz de que él haya dicho la verdad. | I am happy that he has told the truth. |
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| No creemos que tú hayas comido mucho. | We don't believe that you have eaten a lot. |
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| Es posible que hayamos hecho algo malo. | It's possible that we have done something bad. |
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| Es imposible que ellos hayan escrito un libro. | It's impossible that they have written a book. |
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| Yo espero que tú hayas resuelto el problema. | I hope that you have resolved the problem. |
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| Tú esperas que él haya estudiado para la prueba. | You hope that he has studied for the test. |
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| Es triste que él no lo haya pasado. | It's sad that he has not passed it. |
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| Ella duda que hayamos venido tan rápido. | She doubts that we have come so fast. |
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| Ellos están preocupados de que tú los hayas visto. | They are worried that you have seen them. |
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| Es una lástima que ellos no me lo hayan dado. | It's a shame that they have not given it to me. |
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## Notes & Gotchas
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- Both clauses must be present; mixing tenses kills the trigger (`Yo espero que tú dormiste bien` is ungrammatical — must be `hayas dormido`).
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- Negatives + object pronouns stack **before** `haya`: `no me lo hayan dado`.
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- Common irregular past participles to memorize: `dicho` (decir), `hecho` (hacer), `escrito` (escribir), `visto` (ver), `puesto` (poner), `vuelto` (volver), `resuelto` (resolver), `roto` (romper), `abierto` (abrir).
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