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Scraped a 4h Spanish fundamentals YouTube video (transcript + OCR on 14810 frames), extracted structured content across 52 chapters, and generated fill-in-the-blank quizzes for every grammar topic. - 13 new GrammarNote entries (articles, possessives, demonstratives, greetings, poder, al/del, prepositional pronouns, irregular yo, stem-changing, stressed possessives, present/future perfect, present indicative conjugation) - 1010 generated exercises across all 36 grammar notes (new + existing) - Fix tense guide parser to handle unnumbered *Usages* blocks - Rewrite 6 broken tense guide bodies (imperative, subj pluperfect, subj future) with numbered usage format - Bump courseDataVersion 5→6 with TenseGuide refresh on upgrade - Add docs/spanish-fundamentals/ with raw transcripts, polished notes, structured JSON, and exercise data Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
44 lines
2.5 KiB
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44 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
# 45. "Que" & "Lo que"
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> Source: [YouTube](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YHDZSHCt1DE&t=12168s)
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Both `que` and `lo que` can translate as "what" or "that," but they're not interchangeable. `Que` (no accent) acts as the conjunction "that," while `lo que` means "what" (not as a question) and points to an idea or thing in the middle/beginning of a sentence.
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## Key Rules
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- **`qué`** (with accent) = "what?" in questions.
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- **`que`** (no accent) = "that" — joins a main clause to a subordinate clause. In English we sometimes drop "that"; in Spanish, **`que` is required**.
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- **`lo que`** = "what" used as a relative pronoun for an abstract idea or unspecified thing. Often appears at the start or middle of a sentence and can be moved without changing meaning.
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- Think of `lo que` as "the thing that" / "that which."
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## Conjugation / Pattern Tables
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### Quick comparison
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| Word | Meaning | Use |
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|---|---|---|
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| ¿Qué? | What? | Direct question |
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| que | that | Conjunction linking clauses |
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| lo que | what / that which | Relative pronoun for abstract things |
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## Examples
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| Spanish | English |
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|---|---|
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| Yo usaré el teléfono que yo compré. | I will use the phone (that) I bought. |
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| Él quiere el libro que está en el estante. | He wants the book that is on the shelf. |
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| La casa que tú ves es grande. | The house (that) you see is big. |
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| Nosotros fuimos a un restaurante que es caro. | We went to a restaurant that is expensive. |
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| Ellos harán el trabajo que ellos tienen. | They will do the work (that) they have. |
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| Yo he tomado la medicina que el doctor me dio. | I have taken the medicine (that) the doctor gave me. |
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| Yo veo que ese hombre está caminando. | I see that that man is walking. |
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| Lo que yo quiero es una casa. | What I want is a house. |
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| Una casa es lo que yo quiero. | A house is what I want. |
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| Tú no sabes lo que tú quieres. | You don't know what you want. |
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| Él tiene que hacer lo que él necesita hacer. | He has to do what he needs to do. |
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| Lo que ellos necesitan es algo para comer. | What they need is something to eat. |
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| Yo no vi lo que tú me diste. | I did not see what you gave me. |
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| Para visualmente mostrar lo que yo quiero decir. | To visually show what I want to say. |
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## Notes & Gotchas
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- "I see **that that** man is walking" → *Yo veo **que ese** hombre…* The first `que` is the conjunction; the second word is `ese`, a demonstrative.
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- `Lo que` is movable: *Lo que tú quieres, tú no sabes* = *Tú no sabes lo que tú quieres.*
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- `Qué` with accent = the question word ("what"), never use it as a conjunction.
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