Spanish/docs/spanish-fundamentals/49-past-subjunctive.md

49. Past Subjunctive

• Time range: 03:51:07 – 03:58:33 (duration 00:07:26)
• Source: A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish (The Conclusion)

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[on-screen 03:51:07] The Past/Imperfect Subjunctive

[03:51:08] also known as the imperfect subjunctive

[on-screen 03:51:10] The Past/Imperfect Subjunctive Speaks of multiple-clause sentences that express states and conditions, beginning with a W.E.I.R.D. verb

[03:51:10] speaks of multiple Clause sentences that Express States and conditions considering that you need a verb coming from weird in order to activate it in my opinion the past subjunctive is the second hardest topic of the subjunctive mainly because it has two conjugation

[on-screen 03:51:21] The Past/Imperfect Subjunctive 1. Two conjugation patterns 2. Many irregular/stem-changing verbs

[03:51:21] patterns and a big list with exceptions that are irregular the past subjunctive works the same way as the present subjunctive which I explained in the previous videos but this time it's in the past or predate tense in the video I will cover every concept along with multiple phrases in the end for regular

[on-screen 03:51:36] Regular -ar verbs: (past subjunctive) ara | aramos aras | arais ara | aran

[03:51:36] ar verbs you drop the ending of the verb and add the following endings Aras aramos being the only conjugation with an accent AR and Aran let's take

[on-screen 03:51:46] Regular -ar verbs: (past subjunctive) hablara | hablaramos hablaras | hablarais hablara | hablaran hablar - to speak

[03:51:46] the verb a which is a regular AR verb how would you conjugate a in the past noos and AOS in case you need to conjugate any other regular AR verb in the past subjunctive now you know how now we have regular e r and ir verbs

[on-screen 03:52:04] Regular -er & -ir verbs: (past subjunctive) iera iéramos ieras ierais iera ieran

[03:52:06] which follow the same conjugation pattern you drop the ending of the verbs and put the following conjugation with an accent and let's

[on-screen 03:52:18] Regular -er & -ir verbs: (past subjunctive) comiera/viviera | comiéramos/viviéramos comieras/vivieras | comierais/vivierais comiera/viviera | comieran/vivieran comer - to eat / vivir - to live

[03:52:18] take the verbs and how would you conjugate them in the past subjunctive Y andas and two vivieras elier and El VI and so on in case you need to conjugate any other regular e or IR verb in the past subjunctive now you know how however now comes the big list that is

[on-screen 03:52:35] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive)

[03:52:36] full of exceptions which are both irregular and stem Chang in especially ir verbs of course I will not include every verb on the list because you don't need all of them but it is significant to know the most useful ones because there is no conjugation pattern to follow I recommend just memorizing them as they are in the list you have verbs

[on-screen 03:52:52] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) diera | diéramos dieras | dierais diera | dieran dar - to give

[03:52:52] like Dar meaning to give the meaning to

[on-screen 03:52:54] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) dijera | dijéramos dijeras | dijerais dijera | dijeran decir - to say/tell

[03:52:54] say or to tell AAR meaning to be a

[on-screen 03:52:56] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) estuviera | estuviéramos estuvieras | estuvierais estuviera | estuvieran estar - to be

[on-screen 03:52:57] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) hiciera | hiciéramos hicieras | hicierais hiciera | hicieran hacer - to do/make

[03:52:57] meaning to do or to make e and said

[on-screen 03:52:59] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) fuera |fuéramos fueras | fuerais fuera | fueran ir & ser - to go & to be

[03:52:59] meaning to go and to be and as you can see they follow the same pattern because

[on-screen 03:53:02] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) fuera |fuéramos fueras |fuerais fuera | fueran ir & ser - to go & to be

[03:53:03] in case you don't remember ir and s in

[on-screen 03:53:05] Ser/Ir: (past simple) fui |fuimos fuiste | fuisteis fue | fueron

[03:53:05] the past simple tense follow the same pattern in the past subjunctive however

[on-screen 03:53:08] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) fuera |fuéramos fueras | fuerais fuera | fueran ir & ser - to go & to be

[03:53:09] the pattern is somewhat similar next we

[on-screen 03:53:11] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) pudiera | pudiéramos pudieras | pudierais pudiera | pudieran poder - to can

[03:53:11] have P meaning to can p meaning to put

[on-screen 03:53:14] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) supiera | supiéramos supieras | supierais supiera | supieran saber - to know

[03:53:14] sa meaning to know ten meaning to have

[on-screen 03:53:15] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) tuviera | tuviéramos tuvieras | tuvierais tuviera | tuvieran tener - to have

[03:53:16] and ven meaning to come after you

[on-screen 03:53:17] Irregular verbs: (past subjunctive) viniera | viniéramos vinieras | vinierais viniera | vinieran venir - to come

[03:53:18] memorize these verbs there are stem

[on-screen 03:53:20] Stem-Changing -ir verbs: (past subjunctive)

[03:53:20] changing ir verbs that have irregular stem changing patterns but I'm obviously not including every verb in this list you have verbs like pref meaning to

[on-screen 03:53:27] Stem-Changing -ir verbs: (past subjunctive) prefiriera | prefiriéramos prefirieras | prefirierais prefiriera | prefirieran preferir (ei) - to prefer

[03:53:28] prefer D meaning to sleep meaning to

[on-screen 03:53:29] Stem-Changing -ir verbs: (past subjunctive) durmiera | durmiéramos durmieras | durmierais durmiera | durmieran dormir (ou) - to sleep

[on-screen 03:53:30] Stem-Changing -ir verbs: (past subjunctive) condujera | condujéramos condujeras | condujerais condujera | condujeran conducir - to drive

[03:53:31] drive meaning to believe and meaning to

[on-screen 03:53:32] Stem-Changing -ir verbs: (past subjunctive) creyera | creyéramos creyeras | creyerais creyera | creyeran creer - to believe

[on-screen 03:53:33] Stem-Changing -ir verbs: (past subjunctive) oyera | oyéramos oyeras | oyerais oyera | oyeran oir - to hear

[03:53:34] hear these are all the types of verbs that you have to know understand and memorize with every pronoun and conjugation before making actual sentences we have to understand that the past subjunctive is used the same way as the present subjunctive except that it talks about actions events or conditions that already happened in the past this

[on-screen 03:53:51] In the past subjunctive, any phrase UST bein the past simple or past imperfect, in order to be activated

[03:53:51] means that whenever we speak of the past subjunctive the entire phrase needs to be in the past simple or past imperfect in order to activate it just like in the present subjunctive the whole sentence is in the present simple and it's the same idea with the past every sentence in the past subjunctive must fully be in the past simple or past imperfect so make sure that you pay attention to each phrase now I can show you a few phrases and after you get the idea then you can make any sentence that you want take a

[on-screen 03:54:15] Yo queria que tu hablaras conmigo

[03:54:15] look at this phrase Y how would you say this phrase in English just like in the present subjunctive there's two options first you can visually translate the sentence and say I wanted that you speak with me

[on-screen 03:54:27] Yo queria que tu hablaras conmigo | wanted that you speak with me

[03:54:28] but if you want to sound logical then you can say I wanted you to speak with

[on-screen 03:54:31] Yo queria que tu hablaras conmigo | wanted that you speak with me | wanted you to speak with me

[03:54:31] me unlike the present subjunctive both phrases have the same form of the verb

[on-screen 03:54:34] Yo queria que tu hablaras conmigo | wanted that you speak with me | wanted you to speak with me

[03:54:35] which is actually in the past because the two phrases begin in the past this is why the past subjunctive is one of the hardest Concepts to understand because in Spanish you have one form of the sentence with a very odd conjugated verb but in English there are multiple options just like in the present subjunctive I will focus on both phrases because the two sentences can be applied similarly how would you say this

[on-screen 03:54:54] We hoped that he spoke in the meeting

[on-screen 03:54:57] We hoped that he spoke in the meeting Esperabamos que él hablara en la reunion

[03:55:00] working in the past tense we can have sentences that are either in the past simple or past imperfect which is why

[on-screen 03:55:05] WEIRD verb We hoped that he spoke in the meeting Imperfect | Esperabamos que élhablara en la reunion

[03:55:05] you see the sentence starting with a verb coming from weird being in the perfect tense sometimes we have the past simple and sometimes the imperfect and it's up to you to decide which tense is correct to use how would you say this

[on-screen 03:55:15] She decided that we eat something

[on-screen 03:55:19] She decided that we eat something Ella decidio que comicramos algo

[on-screen 03:55:22] You insisted that I run in the mornings

[on-screen 03:55:25] You insisted that I run in the mornings Tu insististe que yo corricra por las mananas

[on-screen 03:55:28] They recommended me that | write a letter They recommended me to write a letter

[on-screen 03:55:31] They recommended me that | write a letter They recommended me to write a letter Ellos me recomendaron que yo escribiera una carta

[on-screen 03:55:34] | needed you to receive this message | needed that you receive this message

[on-screen 03:55:36] | needed you to receive this message | needed that you receive this message Yo necesitaba que tu recibieras este mensaje

[03:55:39] now let's try to use some of the irregular verbs how would you say this

[on-screen 03:55:42] You were afraid that he gave you it

[on-screen 03:55:45] You were afraid that he gave you it Tu tenias miedo de que él te lo diera

[on-screen 03:55:48] He desired that we say something about that

[on-screen 03:55:51] He desired that we say something about that El deseaba que dijéramos algo sobre eso

[on-screen 03:55:54] We doubted that you were speaking

[on-screen 03:55:56] We doubted that you were speaking Dudamos que tu estuvieras hablando

[03:56:00] we had the word dud which means we doubt

[on-screen 03:56:01] We doubted that you were speaking We doubt sb We doubted Dudamos que tu estuvieras hablando

[03:56:02] and we doubted and so the meaning changes in context and also because we use the progressive tense that is you were speaking which uses the verb in the past how about one of

[on-screen 03:56:10] They wanted you to do the bed They wanted that you do the bed

[on-screen 03:56:13] They wanted you to do the bed They wanted that you do the bed Ellos querian que tu hicieras la cama

[on-screen 03:56:16] | hoped that you went to school

[on-screen 03:56:20] | hoped that you went to school Yo esperaba que tu fueras a la escuela

[03:56:24] from and but in this case we can tell that it's ear now how about this

[on-screen 03:56:28] You wanted me to be happy

[on-screen 03:56:30] You wanted me to be happy Tu querias que yo fuera feliz

[03:56:34] because it speaks of a permanent feeling even though the sentence in English doesn't really make sense when you visually usually translated into Spanish

[on-screen 03:56:40] She hoped that | could find it

[03:56:40] how about this

[on-screen 03:56:43] She hoped that | could find it Ella esperaba que yo pudiera encontrarlo

[on-screen 03:56:46] She hoped that | could find it Ella esperaba que yo pudiera encontrarlo

[03:56:47] the object pronoun before the conjugated verb how about one of

[on-screen 03:56:49] We needed you to put it here We needed that you put it here

[on-screen 03:56:52] We needed you to put it here We needed that you put it here Necesitabamos que tu lo pusieras aqui

[on-screen 03:56:55] They doubted that he knew what it was

[on-screen 03:56:58] They doubted that he knew what it was Ellos dudaban que él supiera lo que era

[on-screen 03:57:01] | hoped that they had a dog

[on-screen 03:57:03] | hoped that they had a dog Yo esperaba que ellos tuvieran un perro

[on-screen 03:57:06] You desired them to come here You desired that they come here

[on-screen 03:57:09] You desired them to come here You desired that they come here Tu deseabas que ellos vinieran aqui

[03:57:13] with irregular stem changing verbs along with a few General main Clauses in the

[on-screen 03:57:17] He was afraid that | preferred this book

[03:57:17] past how would you say

[on-screen 03:57:20] He was afraid that | preferred this book El tenia miedo de que yo prefiriera este libro

[03:57:24] sense to say but I'm showing it just so you can understand irregular verbs in the past subjunctive how do you say

[on-screen 03:57:29] We doubted that you slept well

[on-screen 03:57:32] We doubted that you slept well Dudamos que tu durmieras bien

[on-screen 03:57:33] They wanted me to drive with safety They wanted that | drive with safety

[on-screen 03:57:37] They wanted me to drive with safety They wanted that | drive with safety Ellos querian que yo condujera con seguridad

[on-screen 03:57:39] | hoped that you believed in me

[03:57:39] how about

[on-screen 03:57:42] | hoped that you believed in me Yo esperaba que tu creyeras en mi

[on-screen 03:57:45] You desired that | heard you

[on-screen 03:57:48] You desired that | heard you Tu deseabas que yo te oyera

[03:57:51] main Clauses how do you say

[on-screen 03:57:52] It was necessary that we went to the school

[on-screen 03:57:55] It was necessary that we went to the school Era necesario que fuéramos a la escuela

[on-screen 03:57:57] It was good that you spoke loud and clear

[on-screen 03:58:00] It was good that you spoke loud and clear Estuvo bien que tu hablaras alto y claro

[on-screen 03:58:03] It was sad that they had a bad night

[on-screen 03:58:06] It was sad that they had a bad night Era triste que ellos tuvieran una casa pequena

[03:58:10] concept of the past subjunctive comes to an end just like I said in the previous videos even though some phrases didn't make sense to say my goal was just to present the system of the past subjunctive at the end of the day after you understand the idea it's up to you to make any sentence that you want using any subject and any verb in the past subjunctive not to mention that the past subjunctive in Spanish is a concept that is useful to understand and useful to utilize so that's that the present