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Trey t 47a7871c38 Add 13 new grammar notes with 1010 exercises from video extraction

Scraped a 4h Spanish fundamentals YouTube video (transcript + OCR on
14810 frames), extracted structured content across 52 chapters, and
generated fill-in-the-blank quizzes for every grammar topic.

- 13 new GrammarNote entries (articles, possessives, demonstratives,
  greetings, poder, al/del, prepositional pronouns, irregular yo,
  stem-changing, stressed possessives, present/future perfect, present
  indicative conjugation)
- 1010 generated exercises across all 36 grammar notes (new + existing)
- Fix tense guide parser to handle unnumbered *Usages* blocks
- Rewrite 6 broken tense guide bodies (imperative, subj pluperfect,
  subj future) with numbered usage format
- Bump courseDataVersion 5→6 with TenseGuide refresh on upgrade
- Add docs/spanish-fundamentals/ with raw transcripts, polished notes,
  structured JSON, and exercise data

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

2026-04-16 08:40:05 -05:00

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30. Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs

Source: A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish (The Conclusion)

Reciprocal reflexives express an action two or more subjects do to each other / one another. Because they need a plural subject, they only use the plural reflexive pronouns nos, os, and se.

Key Rules

Use only plural reflexive pronouns: nos (we), os (vosotros), se (ellos/ellas/ustedes).
The verb is conjugated normally for the plural subject.
Whenever you see se (or nos, os) before a plural-subject verb, it can mean "each other".
Works in all tenses (present, preterite, imperfect, progressive…).
Almost any verb can be made reciprocal if the context allows two-or-more subjects.

Conjugation / Pattern Tables

Reciprocal pronouns

Subject	Pronoun
nosotros	nos
vosotros	os
ellos / ellas / ustedes	se

Common reciprocal verbs

Verb	Meaning
ayudarse	to help each other
abrazarse	to hug each other
saludarse	to greet each other
encontrarse	to meet/encounter each other
verse	to see each other
conocerse	to know / meet each other
escucharse	to listen to each other

Examples

Spanish	English
Nosotros ayudamos.	We help.
Nos ayudamos.	We help each other.
Ellos abrazan.	They hug.
Ellos se abrazan.	They hug each other.
Estamos escuchando.	We are listening.
Nos estamos escuchando.	We are listening to each other.
John y yo conocimos a María.	John and I met María.
John y yo nos conocimos.	John and I met (each other).
Los amigos saludaron.	The friends greeted (someone).
Los amigos se saludaron.	The friends greeted each other.
Nos encontramos en el cine cuando nos vimos.	We met at the cinema when we saw each other.

Notes & Gotchas

Singular reflexive pronouns (me, te) cannot be reciprocal — at least two subjects are required.
The same form can be reflexive ("they wash themselves") or reciprocal ("they wash each other"); context decides.
For clarity you can add el uno al otro / los unos a los otros to force the reciprocal reading.

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