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Trey t 47a7871c38 Add 13 new grammar notes with 1010 exercises from video extraction

Scraped a 4h Spanish fundamentals YouTube video (transcript + OCR on
14810 frames), extracted structured content across 52 chapters, and
generated fill-in-the-blank quizzes for every grammar topic.

- 13 new GrammarNote entries (articles, possessives, demonstratives,
  greetings, poder, al/del, prepositional pronouns, irregular yo,
  stem-changing, stressed possessives, present/future perfect, present
  indicative conjugation)
- 1010 generated exercises across all 36 grammar notes (new + existing)
- Fix tense guide parser to handle unnumbered *Usages* blocks
- Rewrite 6 broken tense guide bodies (imperative, subj pluperfect,
  subj future) with numbered usage format
- Bump courseDataVersion 5→6 with TenseGuide refresh on upgrade
- Add docs/spanish-fundamentals/ with raw transcripts, polished notes,
  structured JSON, and exercise data

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

2026-04-16 08:40:05 -05:00

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36. Familiar Tú Commands

Source: A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish (The Conclusion)

Tú commands are the singular informal way to tell someone what to do. Spanish modifies the verb itself (no pronoun needed), and the affirmative and negative forms use different patterns.

Key Rules

Affirmative regular tú command = the third-person singular (él) form of the present indicative: habla, come, vive.
Negative regular tú command = drop the infinitive ending and add -es (-ar) or -as (-er/-ir), with no in front: no hables, no comas, no vivas.
Irregular affirmative tú commands: ven, di, sal, haz, ten, ve, pon, sé (Vidi Sal Haz Ten Ve Pon Sé).
Negative irregular yo verbs use the yo-stem + -as/-es: no digas, no hagas, no pongas, no salgas, no traigas, no vengas, no veas, no conduzcas.
Verbs ending in -car/-gar/-zar spell-change in the negative: practicar → no practiques, jugar → no juegues, organizar → no organices.
Stem changes are kept in both affirmative and negative forms.
Other irregular negatives: no des, no seas, no estés, no vayas, no sepas.
Object pronouns: attach to the affirmative (with an accent if needed) — dímelo; place before the verb in the negative — no me lo digas.
Reflexives: affirmative attaches te with accent: levántate, duérmete. Negative places te before the verb: no te levantes, no te duermas.

Conjugation / Pattern Tables

Regular tú commands

Verb	Affirmative	Negative
hablar	habla	no hables
comer	come	no comas
vivir	vive	no vivas
abrir	abre	no abras

Irregular affirmative tú commands

Verb	Command	Meaning
venir	ven	come
decir	di	say/tell
salir	sal	leave
hacer	haz	do/make
tener	ten	have
ir	ve	go
poner	pon	put
ser	sé	be
ver	ve	see

Irregular negative tú commands

Verb	Negative
dar	no des
ser	no seas
estar	no estés
ir	no vayas
saber	no sepas
decir	no digas
hacer	no hagas
poner	no pongas
salir	no salgas
traer	no traigas
venir	no vengas
ver	no veas

Examples

Spanish	English
¡Habla ahora!	Speak now!
¡No hables!	Don't speak!
¡Come tu comida!	Eat your food!
¡Abre la puerta, por favor!	Open the door, please.
Pon tu teléfono en la mesa.	Put your phone on the table.
Haz tu tarea.	Do your homework.
Ven si puedes.	Come if you can.
Ve a la escuela.	Go to the school.
¡Dímelo!	Tell it to me!
¡No me lo digas!	Don't tell me it!
¡Levántate!	Get up!
¡No te levantes!	Don't get up!
¡Duérmete!	Fall asleep!
¡No te duermas!	Don't fall asleep!

Notes & Gotchas

ve means both "see" (ver) and "go" (ir). If a follows, it's almost always ir: ve a la escuela.
Stem-changes survive: dormir → duerme / no duermas.
Reflexive te always pairs with tú commands.
Double object pronouns require an accent on the stressed syllable when attached: dímelo, pónselo.

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