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Trey t 47a7871c38 Add 13 new grammar notes with 1010 exercises from video extraction

Scraped a 4h Spanish fundamentals YouTube video (transcript + OCR on
14810 frames), extracted structured content across 52 chapters, and
generated fill-in-the-blank quizzes for every grammar topic.

- 13 new GrammarNote entries (articles, possessives, demonstratives,
  greetings, poder, al/del, prepositional pronouns, irregular yo,
  stem-changing, stressed possessives, present/future perfect, present
  indicative conjugation)
- 1010 generated exercises across all 36 grammar notes (new + existing)
- Fix tense guide parser to handle unnumbered *Usages* blocks
- Rewrite 6 broken tense guide bodies (imperative, subj pluperfect,
  subj future) with numbered usage format
- Bump courseDataVersion 5→6 with TenseGuide refresh on upgrade
- Add docs/spanish-fundamentals/ with raw transcripts, polished notes,
  structured JSON, and exercise data

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

2026-04-16 08:40:05 -05:00

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09. Possessive Adjectives

Source: A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish

Possessive adjectives indicate that something belongs to someone. In Spanish they always come before the noun, agree in number with that noun, and (only for nuestro and vuestro) also agree in gender.

Key Rules

Possessive adjective comes before the noun: mi casa, tu perro, su amigo.
All possessives pluralize by adding -s: mi → mis, tu → tus, su → sus.
Only nuestro/a/os/as and vuestro/a/os/as change for gender.
mi (no accent) = my (adjective). mí (with accent) = me (object pronoun).
tu (no accent) = your (adjective). tú (with accent) = you (subject pronoun).
su can mean his, her, its, or their — context (or naming the subject) clarifies.

Pattern Table

English	Singular	Plural
my	mi	mis
your (informal sing.)	tu	tus
his / her / its / their / your (formal)	su	sus
our	nuestro / nuestra	nuestros / nuestras
y'all's (Spain, informal pl.)	vuestro / vuestra	vuestros / vuestras

Examples

Spanish	English
Mi coche.	My car.
Mis coches.	My cars.
Tu perro.	Your dog.
Tus perros.	Your dogs.
Nuestro gato.	Our cat.
Nuestra rosa.	Our rose.
Vuestro gato.	Y'all's cat.
Vuestra rosa.	Y'all's rose.
Yo hablo con su amigo.	I talk with his/her/their friend.
Yo hablo con John y con su padre.	I talk with John and with his father.
Yo hablo con Emma y con su madre.	I talk with Emma and with her mother.
Yo hablo con mis padres y con sus amigos.	I talk with my parents and with their friends.

Notes & Gotchas

su is ambiguous — to disambiguate, name the owner explicitly (con John y su padre).
Don't confuse mi/mí and tu/tú — the accent flips them between adjective and pronoun.
Spanish possessives agree with what is owned, not with the owner (unlike "his/her" in English).
vuestro is mainly used in Spain; Latin America uses su(s) for plural "your" too.

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