Add 13 new grammar notes with 1010 exercises from video extraction
Scraped a 4h Spanish fundamentals YouTube video (transcript + OCR on 14810 frames), extracted structured content across 52 chapters, and generated fill-in-the-blank quizzes for every grammar topic. - 13 new GrammarNote entries (articles, possessives, demonstratives, greetings, poder, al/del, prepositional pronouns, irregular yo, stem-changing, stressed possessives, present/future perfect, present indicative conjugation) - 1010 generated exercises across all 36 grammar notes (new + existing) - Fix tense guide parser to handle unnumbered *Usages* blocks - Rewrite 6 broken tense guide bodies (imperative, subj pluperfect, subj future) with numbered usage format - Bump courseDataVersion 5→6 with TenseGuide refresh on upgrade - Add docs/spanish-fundamentals/ with raw transcripts, polished notes, structured JSON, and exercise data Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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docs/spanish-fundamentals/notes/12-the-verb-poder.md
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# 12. The Verb "Poder"
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> Source: [A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YHDZSHCt1DE&t=2633s)
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`Poder` means "to be able to" / "can." It's a stem-changing verb (o → ue) and one of the most useful verbs in Spanish because it pairs with any infinitive to express possibility.
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## Key Rules
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- `poder` is a stem-changing verb: **o → ue** in the singular and 3rd-person plural forms (the "boot").
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- The `nosotros` and `vosotros` forms keep the original `o` (`podemos`, `podéis`).
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- Endings still follow the regular `-er` pattern.
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- Use `poder + infinitive` to express ability or possibility: *Yo puedo hablar español.*
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## Conjugation: poder (present indicative)
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| Pronoun | Form |
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|---------|------|
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| yo | puedo |
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| tú | puedes |
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| él / ella / usted | puede |
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| nosotros | podemos |
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| vosotros | podéis |
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| ellos / ellas / ustedes | pueden |
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The "boot" pattern: `puedo / puedes / puede / pueden` change the stem; `podemos / podéis` stay regular.
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## Examples
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| Spanish | English |
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|---------|---------|
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| Yo puedo hablar español. | I can speak Spanish. |
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| Tú puedes aprender inglés. | You can learn English. |
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| Él puede ayudar. | He can help. |
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| Nosotros podemos ir. | We can go. |
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| Ellos pueden llamar por teléfono. | They can call by phone. |
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| ¿Puedes ayudarme? | Can you help me? |
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| No puedo dormir. | I can't sleep. |
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## Notes & Gotchas
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- The stem change applies **only** in the "boot" forms — never in `nosotros`/`vosotros`.
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- Always follow `poder` with an **infinitive** (unchanged verb): `puedo hablar`, not `puedo hablo`.
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- `poder` doesn't take a preposition before the infinitive (no `a`, no `que`).
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- Other common stem-changing verbs follow the same boot pattern (e.g., `dormir` o → ue, `querer` e → ie).
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