Add 13 new grammar notes with 1010 exercises from video extraction
Scraped a 4h Spanish fundamentals YouTube video (transcript + OCR on 14810 frames), extracted structured content across 52 chapters, and generated fill-in-the-blank quizzes for every grammar topic. - 13 new GrammarNote entries (articles, possessives, demonstratives, greetings, poder, al/del, prepositional pronouns, irregular yo, stem-changing, stressed possessives, present/future perfect, present indicative conjugation) - 1010 generated exercises across all 36 grammar notes (new + existing) - Fix tense guide parser to handle unnumbered *Usages* blocks - Rewrite 6 broken tense guide bodies (imperative, subj pluperfect, subj future) with numbered usage format - Bump courseDataVersion 5→6 with TenseGuide refresh on upgrade - Add docs/spanish-fundamentals/ with raw transcripts, polished notes, structured JSON, and exercise data Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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[
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{
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"sentence": "_____ hablo español.",
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"correct": "Yo",
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"distractor": "Tú",
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"explanation": "yo = I; matches the -o conjugation hablo.",
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"source_chapter": "02",
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"source_title": "Spanish Fundamentals"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "¿_____ estás? — Estoy en casa.",
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"correct": "Dónde",
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"distractor": "Donde",
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"explanation": "Question words take an accent.",
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"source_chapter": "02",
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"source_title": "Spanish Fundamentals"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "_____ qué estudias español? — Porque me gusta.",
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"correct": "Por",
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"distractor": "Para",
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"explanation": "¿Por qué? = Why?; the response uses one-word porque.",
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"source_chapter": "02",
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"source_title": "Spanish Fundamentals"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Un _____ tiene doce meses.",
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"correct": "año",
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"distractor": "ano",
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"explanation": "año (with ñ) = year.",
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"source_chapter": "02",
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"source_title": "Spanish Fundamentals"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Tengo un _____. Se llama Rex.",
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"correct": "perro",
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"distractor": "pero",
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"explanation": "perro (rr) = dog; pero = but.",
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"source_chapter": "02",
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"source_title": "Spanish Fundamentals"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Hoy es _____, mañana es martes.",
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"correct": "lunes",
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"distractor": "Lunes",
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"explanation": "Days aren't capitalized in Spanish.",
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"source_chapter": "02",
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"source_title": "Spanish Fundamentals"
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}
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]
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[
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{
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"sentence": "El chico _____ inteligente.",
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"correct": "es",
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"distractor": "está",
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"explanation": "Intelligence is a permanent trait → ser.",
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"source_chapter": "08",
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"source_title": "Descriptive Adjectives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Nosotros _____ cansados.",
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"correct": "estamos",
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"distractor": "somos",
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"explanation": "Tiredness is a changing condition → estar.",
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"source_chapter": "08",
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"source_title": "Descriptive Adjectives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Estas clases son _____.",
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"correct": "fáciles",
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"distractor": "fácil",
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"explanation": "Plural noun (clases) requires plural adjective.",
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"source_chapter": "08",
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"source_title": "Descriptive Adjectives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "La _____ hermosa.",
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"correct": "chica",
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"distractor": "chico",
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"explanation": "Hermosa is feminine, so the noun must also be feminine.",
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"source_chapter": "08",
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"source_title": "Descriptive Adjectives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "El hombre _____ relajado.",
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"correct": "está",
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"distractor": "es",
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"explanation": "Being relaxed is a temporary state → estar.",
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"source_chapter": "08",
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"source_title": "Descriptive Adjectives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Yo soy _____ (f).",
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"correct": "alta",
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"distractor": "alto",
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"explanation": "Feminine subject takes -a ending.",
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"source_chapter": "08",
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"source_title": "Descriptive Adjectives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "El chico _____ (correct word order).",
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"correct": "inteligente",
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"distractor": "inteligente chico",
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"explanation": "Adjective follows the noun: el chico inteligente.",
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"source_chapter": "08",
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"source_title": "Descriptive Adjectives"
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}
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]
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[
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{
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"sentence": "Yo voy _____ baño.",
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"correct": "al",
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"distractor": "a el",
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"explanation": "a + el always contracts to al.",
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"source_chapter": "15",
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"source_title": "al & del"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Vengo _____ mercado.",
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"correct": "del",
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"distractor": "de el",
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"explanation": "de + el always contracts to del.",
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"source_chapter": "15",
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"source_title": "al & del"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Quiero ir _____ clase.",
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"correct": "a la",
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"distractor": "al",
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"explanation": "Feminine la does not contract.",
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"source_chapter": "15",
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"source_title": "al & del"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Es el regalo _____ profesor.",
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"correct": "del",
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"distractor": "de la",
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"explanation": "Profesor is masculine, so de + el = del.",
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"source_chapter": "15",
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"source_title": "al & del"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "El libro es _____ él.",
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"correct": "de",
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"distractor": "del",
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"explanation": "The pronoun él (with accent) does not contract; only the article el does.",
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"source_chapter": "15",
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"source_title": "al & del"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Vamos _____ playa.",
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"correct": "a la",
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"distractor": "al",
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"explanation": "Playa is feminine; no contraction.",
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"source_chapter": "15",
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"source_title": "al & del"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "El presidente _____ Salvador habló.",
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"correct": "de El",
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"distractor": "del",
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"explanation": "Proper nouns with capital El don't contract.",
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"source_chapter": "15",
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"source_title": "al & del"
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}
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]
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[
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{
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"sentence": "_____ libro está en la mesa.",
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"correct": "El",
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"distractor": "La",
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"explanation": "libro ends in -o → masculine → el.",
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"source_chapter": "04",
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"source_title": "Articles"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Voy a _____ piscina.",
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"correct": "la",
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"distractor": "el",
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"explanation": "piscina ends in -a → feminine → la.",
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"source_chapter": "04",
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"source_title": "Articles"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "_____ problema es difícil.",
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"correct": "El",
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"distractor": "La",
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"explanation": "Greek-origin -ma noun → masculine: el problema.",
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"source_chapter": "04",
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"source_title": "Articles"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Tengo _____ libro nuevo.",
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"correct": "un",
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"distractor": "uno",
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"explanation": "Before a masculine noun use un, not uno.",
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"source_chapter": "04",
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"source_title": "Articles"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "_____ ciudad es grande.",
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"correct": "La",
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"distractor": "El",
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"explanation": "Nouns ending in -d are usually feminine.",
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"source_chapter": "04",
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"source_title": "Articles"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Bebo _____ agua fría.",
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"correct": "el",
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"distractor": "la",
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"explanation": "agua takes el in the singular (stressed initial a-) even though it's feminine.",
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"source_chapter": "04",
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"source_title": "Articles"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Quiero ver _____ foto.",
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"correct": "la",
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"distractor": "el",
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"explanation": "foto is short for fotografía → feminine.",
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"source_chapter": "04",
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"source_title": "Articles"
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}
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]
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[
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{
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"sentence": "(hablar) tú: ¡_____ más despacio!",
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"correct": "habla",
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"distractor": "hable",
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"explanation": "Affirmative tú of regular -ar uses the él form of the present.",
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"source_chapter": "36",
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"source_title": "Familiar Tú Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Negative of 'come': ¡No _____!",
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"correct": "comas",
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"distractor": "comes",
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"explanation": "Negative tú of -er drops -er and adds -as.",
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"source_chapter": "36",
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"source_title": "Familiar Tú Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Irregular tú command of 'venir': ¡_____ aquí!",
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"correct": "ven",
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"distractor": "viene",
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"explanation": "Venir has the irregular tú command 'ven'.",
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"source_chapter": "36",
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"source_title": "Familiar Tú Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "¡_____ tu tarea! (hacer)",
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"correct": "Haz",
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"distractor": "Hace",
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"explanation": "Hacer's irregular affirmative is 'haz'.",
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"source_chapter": "36",
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"source_title": "Familiar Tú Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Negative: ¡No _____ eso! (decir)",
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"correct": "digas",
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"distractor": "dices",
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"explanation": "Take the yo stem 'dig-' + -as.",
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"source_chapter": "36",
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"source_title": "Familiar Tú Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "¡_____ ahora! (levantarse)",
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"correct": "Levántate",
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"distractor": "Te levanta",
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"explanation": "Affirmative reflexive: pronoun attaches to verb with accent.",
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"source_chapter": "36",
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"source_title": "Familiar Tú Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Negative: ¡No te _____! (dormirse)",
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"correct": "duermas",
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"distractor": "duermes",
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"explanation": "Negative tú of -ir uses -as, stem-change kept (o→ue).",
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"source_chapter": "36",
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"source_title": "Familiar Tú Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "¡_____! (Tell it to me, decir)",
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"correct": "Dímelo",
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"distractor": "Me lo dice",
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"explanation": "Attach IOP me + DOP lo to 'di' with accent.",
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"source_chapter": "36",
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"source_title": "Familiar Tú Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "¡_____ a la escuela! (ir)",
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"correct": "Ve",
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"distractor": "Va",
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"explanation": "Irregular tú command of ir is 've'; preposition 'a' confirms it's ir, not ver.",
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"source_chapter": "36",
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"source_title": "Familiar Tú Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Let's speak: ¡_____ español! (hablar)",
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"correct": "Hablemos",
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"distractor": "Hablamos",
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"explanation": "-ar nosotros command swaps -amos to -emos.",
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"source_chapter": "37",
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"source_title": "Nosotros Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Let's eat: ¡_____! (comer)",
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"correct": "Comamos",
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"distractor": "Comemos",
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"explanation": "-er swaps -emos to -amos.",
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"source_chapter": "37",
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"source_title": "Nosotros Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Let's practice: ¡_____! (practicar)",
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"correct": "Practiquemos",
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"distractor": "Practicemos",
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"explanation": "-car needs c→qu before e.",
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"source_chapter": "37",
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"source_title": "Nosotros Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Let's sleep: ¡_____! (dormir)",
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"correct": "Durmamos",
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"distractor": "Dormamos",
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"explanation": "-ir stem-changer: o→u in nosotros.",
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"source_chapter": "37",
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"source_title": "Nosotros Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Let's sit down: ¡_____! (sentarse)",
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"correct": "Sentémonos",
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"distractor": "Sentémosnos",
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"explanation": "Drop the final -s before attaching nos.",
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"source_chapter": "37",
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"source_title": "Nosotros Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Let's not sit down: ¡_____! (sentarse)",
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"correct": "No nos sentemos",
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"distractor": "No nos sentémonos",
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"explanation": "Negative: pronoun before verb, no s-drop.",
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"source_chapter": "37",
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"source_title": "Nosotros Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Let's go out: ¡_____! (irse)",
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"correct": "Vámonos",
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"distractor": "Vayámonos",
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"explanation": "Affirmative uses present 'vamos' minus s + nos.",
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"source_chapter": "37",
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"source_title": "Nosotros Commands"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Let's not leave: ¡_____! (irse)",
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"correct": "No nos vayamos",
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"distractor": "No nos vamos",
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"explanation": "Negative requires the irregular 'vayamos'.",
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"source_chapter": "37",
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"source_title": "Nosotros Commands"
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}
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]
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[]
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[
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{
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"sentence": "Mi coche es _____ rápido que el tuyo.",
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"correct": "más",
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"distractor": "muy",
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"explanation": "Comparison uses más + adjective + que.",
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"source_chapter": "34",
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"source_title": "Comparatives & Superlatives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Esta es _____ mejor película del año.",
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"correct": "la",
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"distractor": "más",
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"explanation": "Mejor is irregular; superlative just needs the article.",
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"source_chapter": "34",
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"source_title": "Comparatives & Superlatives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Tengo más _____ veinte libros.",
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"correct": "de",
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"distractor": "que",
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"explanation": "Before a number use de, not que.",
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"source_chapter": "34",
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"source_title": "Comparatives & Superlatives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Ana es tan inteligente _____ Luis.",
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"correct": "como",
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"distractor": "que",
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"explanation": "Equality: tan…como.",
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"source_chapter": "34",
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"source_title": "Comparatives & Superlatives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Mi abuela es la _____ de mis abuelas.",
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"correct": "mayor",
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"distractor": "más vieja",
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"explanation": "For age, use mayor (more polite/standard).",
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"source_chapter": "34",
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"source_title": "Comparatives & Superlatives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Este examen fue _____ que el anterior.",
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"correct": "peor",
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"distractor": "más malo",
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"explanation": "Irregular comparative of malo is peor.",
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"source_chapter": "34",
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"source_title": "Comparatives & Superlatives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Ella es la _____ de la clase.",
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"correct": "menor",
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"distractor": "más joven",
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"explanation": "Both are accepted, but menor is the standard irregular.",
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"source_chapter": "34",
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"source_title": "Comparatives & Superlatives"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Esta casa tiene _____ habitaciones que la mía.",
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"correct": "menos",
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"distractor": "menor",
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"explanation": "Use menos to mean 'fewer' before nouns.",
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"source_chapter": "34",
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"source_title": "Comparatives & Superlatives"
|
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}
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]
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[
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{
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"sentence": "¿_____ tú abrir la ventana, por favor?",
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"correct": "Podrías",
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"distractor": "Puedes",
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"explanation": "Conditional of poder for a polite request.",
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"source_chapter": "43",
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"source_title": "Conditional Tense"
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},
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{
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"sentence": "Yo _____ contigo si tuviera tiempo.",
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"correct": "iría",
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||||
"distractor": "iba",
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"explanation": "Hypothetical → conditional of ir.",
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||||
"source_chapter": "43",
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||||
"source_title": "Conditional Tense"
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||||
},
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{
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"sentence": "Nosotros _____ un plato, por favor.",
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"correct": "querríamos",
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"distractor": "queremos",
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"explanation": "Polite request uses conditional of querer (note double rr).",
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"source_chapter": "43",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Sin ti, yo no sé qué yo _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "haría",
|
||||
"distractor": "hacía",
|
||||
"explanation": "Conditional of hacer (irregular stem har-).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "43",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ la verdad.",
|
||||
"correct": "diría",
|
||||
"distractor": "decía",
|
||||
"explanation": "Conditional of decir uses irregular stem dir-.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "43",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿_____ ellos en esta región?",
|
||||
"correct": "Vivirían",
|
||||
"distractor": "Vivían",
|
||||
"explanation": "Conditional, not imperfect — would they live.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "43",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ ese coche si fuera barato.",
|
||||
"correct": "compraría",
|
||||
"distractor": "compré",
|
||||
"explanation": "Hypothetical 'would buy' is conditional.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "43",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ más amigos en una ciudad nueva.",
|
||||
"correct": "tendrías",
|
||||
"distractor": "tienes",
|
||||
"explanation": "Conditional of tener uses stem tendr-.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "43",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ terminado mi trabajo.",
|
||||
"correct": "habría",
|
||||
"distractor": "había",
|
||||
"explanation": "Conditional perfect uses habría (would have), not había (had).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "44",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella habría _____ las ventanas.",
|
||||
"correct": "abierto",
|
||||
"distractor": "abrido",
|
||||
"explanation": "abrir has the irregular participle abierto.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "44",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ disfrutado estar ahí.",
|
||||
"correct": "habrías",
|
||||
"distractor": "habrás",
|
||||
"explanation": "Second-person conditional of haber.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "44",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ venido si nos hubieran invitado.",
|
||||
"correct": "habríamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "habremos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Hypothetical past needs conditional perfect, not future perfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "44",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo habría _____ la verdad.",
|
||||
"correct": "dicho",
|
||||
"distractor": "decido",
|
||||
"explanation": "decir → dicho (irregular participle).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "44",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ hecho lo mismo.",
|
||||
"correct": "habrían",
|
||||
"distractor": "han",
|
||||
"explanation": "Conditional perfect: habrían + participle.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "44",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conditional Perfect Tense"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ libro es interesante. (this)",
|
||||
"correct": "Este",
|
||||
"distractor": "Esta",
|
||||
"explanation": "Libro is masculine singular → este.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "10",
|
||||
"source_title": "Demonstrative Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ casas son grandes. (these)",
|
||||
"correct": "Estas",
|
||||
"distractor": "Estos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Casas is feminine plural → estas.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "10",
|
||||
"source_title": "Demonstrative Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ cursos son difíciles. (those)",
|
||||
"correct": "Esos",
|
||||
"distractor": "Eses",
|
||||
"explanation": "Masculine plural of ese is esos, not 'eses'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "10",
|
||||
"source_title": "Demonstrative Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Qué es _____? (this — unknown)",
|
||||
"correct": "esto",
|
||||
"distractor": "este",
|
||||
"explanation": "Use neuter esto when the thing's gender is unknown.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "10",
|
||||
"source_title": "Demonstrative Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ es para todos. (that — general)",
|
||||
"correct": "Eso",
|
||||
"distractor": "Ese",
|
||||
"explanation": "General/abstract → neuter eso.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "10",
|
||||
"source_title": "Demonstrative Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ mesa (that, f sg).",
|
||||
"correct": "Esa",
|
||||
"distractor": "Esta",
|
||||
"explanation": "Mesa is feminine singular and 'that' (near listener) is esa.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "10",
|
||||
"source_title": "Demonstrative Adjectives"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ como pescado.",
|
||||
"correct": "no",
|
||||
"distractor": "nada",
|
||||
"explanation": "Basic negation puts 'no' before the verb.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "35",
|
||||
"source_title": "How Negatives Work"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "No conozco _____ aquí.",
|
||||
"correct": "a nadie",
|
||||
"distractor": "nadie",
|
||||
"explanation": "Direct-object person needs personal a: a nadie.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "35",
|
||||
"source_title": "How Negatives Work"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ llega tarde.",
|
||||
"correct": "nunca",
|
||||
"distractor": "no nunca",
|
||||
"explanation": "When the negative word goes before the verb, no extra 'no' is needed.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "35",
|
||||
"source_title": "How Negatives Work"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "No tengo _____ libro sobre eso.",
|
||||
"correct": "ningún",
|
||||
"distractor": "ninguno",
|
||||
"explanation": "Before a singular masc. noun, use the apocopated ningún.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "35",
|
||||
"source_title": "How Negatives Work"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "—Yo no quiero ir. —Yo _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "tampoco",
|
||||
"distractor": "también",
|
||||
"explanation": "Negative agreement uses tampoco (me neither).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "35",
|
||||
"source_title": "How Negatives Work"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "No quiero _____ café _____ té.",
|
||||
"correct": "ni / ni",
|
||||
"distractor": "o / o",
|
||||
"explanation": "Negative pair is ni…ni.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "35",
|
||||
"source_title": "How Negatives Work"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Viste a _____ en la fiesta? — No, no vi a _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "alguien / nadie",
|
||||
"distractor": "nadie / alguien",
|
||||
"explanation": "Use alguien in the question and nadie in the negative answer.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "35",
|
||||
"source_title": "How Negatives Work"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos no comen _____ por la mañana.",
|
||||
"correct": "nada",
|
||||
"distractor": "no",
|
||||
"explanation": "Double negative: 'no…nada' = don't eat anything.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "35",
|
||||
"source_title": "How Negatives Work"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo estoy _____ con mi amigo. (hablar)",
|
||||
"correct": "hablando",
|
||||
"distractor": "hablado",
|
||||
"explanation": "-ar verbs form the gerund with -ando.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "06",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Present Progressive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella está _____ pizza. (comer)",
|
||||
"correct": "comiendo",
|
||||
"distractor": "comendo",
|
||||
"explanation": "-er verbs form the gerund with -iendo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "06",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Present Progressive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Estoy _____ un libro. (leer)",
|
||||
"correct": "leyendo",
|
||||
"distractor": "leiendo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Vowel-stem: i becomes y to avoid three vowels.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "06",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Present Progressive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Los niños están _____. (dormir)",
|
||||
"correct": "durmiendo",
|
||||
"distractor": "dormiendo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Stem-change o→u in the gerund of dormir.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "06",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Present Progressive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Él está _____ la verdad. (decir)",
|
||||
"correct": "diciendo",
|
||||
"distractor": "deciendo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Stem-change e→i in the gerund of decir.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "06",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Present Progressive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ trabajando ahora.",
|
||||
"correct": "estamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "somos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Progressive uses estar (action right now), not ser.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "06",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Present Progressive"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Para el lunes, yo _____ terminado. (haber)",
|
||||
"correct": "habré",
|
||||
"distractor": "habría",
|
||||
"explanation": "Future of haber, yo = habré.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "42",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Dentro de un año, tú _____ dejado tu trabajo.",
|
||||
"correct": "habrás",
|
||||
"distractor": "habrías",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tú future of haber = habrás.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "42",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Para esa fecha, John _____ recibido muchas ofertas.",
|
||||
"correct": "habrá",
|
||||
"distractor": "habría",
|
||||
"explanation": "Él future of haber = habrá.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "42",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ llegado para mañana.",
|
||||
"correct": "habremos",
|
||||
"distractor": "habríamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros future of haber = habremos (no accent).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "42",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ comido dentro de dos horas.",
|
||||
"correct": "habrán",
|
||||
"distractor": "han",
|
||||
"explanation": "Future perfect needs habrán, not present.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "42",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Para diciembre, ella habrá _____ . (volver)",
|
||||
"correct": "vuelto",
|
||||
"distractor": "volvido",
|
||||
"explanation": "Volver has irregular participle 'vuelto'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "42",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "By summer, I will have learned = Para el verano, yo _____ aprendido.",
|
||||
"correct": "habré",
|
||||
"distractor": "he",
|
||||
"explanation": "Future perfect uses habré, not he (present perfect).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "42",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Perfect Tense"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
122
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/future-vs-ir-a.json
Normal file
122
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/future-vs-ir-a.json
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ a la tienda.",
|
||||
"correct": "voy",
|
||||
"distractor": "vas",
|
||||
"explanation": "Yo form of ir is voy.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "13",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Ir\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ a la universidad.",
|
||||
"correct": "vamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "van",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros form of ir is vamos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "13",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Ir\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ a trabajar.",
|
||||
"correct": "van",
|
||||
"distractor": "va",
|
||||
"explanation": "Ellos form is van.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "13",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Ir\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo voy _____ hacer mi tarea.",
|
||||
"correct": "a",
|
||||
"distractor": "que",
|
||||
"explanation": "ir uses preposition a before an infinitive (near-future).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "13",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Ir\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Voy _____ cine. (a + el)",
|
||||
"correct": "al",
|
||||
"distractor": "a el",
|
||||
"explanation": "a + el always contracts to al.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "13",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Ir\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ a la clase.",
|
||||
"correct": "vas",
|
||||
"distractor": "va",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tú form of ir is vas.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "13",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Ir\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "I'm going with my friends → Yo voy _____ mis amigos.",
|
||||
"correct": "con",
|
||||
"distractor": "a",
|
||||
"explanation": "No destination, so use con (with), not a.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "13",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Ir\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Mañana yo _____ al cine. (ir)",
|
||||
"correct": "iré",
|
||||
"distractor": "iba",
|
||||
"explanation": "Future of ir (yo): iré.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "41",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ una casa. (comprar)",
|
||||
"correct": "comprarás",
|
||||
"distractor": "compraras",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tú future ending is -ás (with accent).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "41",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Él _____ 30 años. (tener)",
|
||||
"correct": "tendrá",
|
||||
"distractor": "tenerá",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tener uses irregular stem 'tendr-'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "41",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ español. (aprender)",
|
||||
"correct": "aprenderemos",
|
||||
"distractor": "aprenderémos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros future has NO accent.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "41",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ si quieren. (venir)",
|
||||
"correct": "vendrán",
|
||||
"distractor": "venirán",
|
||||
"explanation": "Venir uses irregular stem 'vendr-'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "41",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ mi tarea. (hacer)",
|
||||
"correct": "haré",
|
||||
"distractor": "haceré",
|
||||
"explanation": "Hacer uses irregular stem 'har-'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "41",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo te lo _____ mañana. (dar)",
|
||||
"correct": "daré",
|
||||
"distractor": "doy",
|
||||
"explanation": "Future yo of dar is daré.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "41",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Equivalent: 'I'm going to go' = Yo _____ a ir.",
|
||||
"correct": "voy",
|
||||
"distractor": "iré",
|
||||
"explanation": "ir a + infinitive uses present 'voy'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "41",
|
||||
"source_title": "Future Tense"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Cómo _____ tú?",
|
||||
"correct": "estás",
|
||||
"distractor": "eres",
|
||||
"explanation": "Well-being is temporary, so use estar.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "11",
|
||||
"source_title": "Useful Greetings & Farewells"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "(Yo) _____ bien.",
|
||||
"correct": "estoy",
|
||||
"distractor": "soy",
|
||||
"explanation": "Reply matches the verb in the question (estar).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "11",
|
||||
"source_title": "Useful Greetings & Farewells"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ días. (good morning)",
|
||||
"correct": "Buenos",
|
||||
"distractor": "Buenas",
|
||||
"explanation": "Día is masculine, so the plural adjective is buenos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "11",
|
||||
"source_title": "Useful Greetings & Farewells"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ noches. (good night)",
|
||||
"correct": "Buenas",
|
||||
"distractor": "Buenos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Noche is feminine → buenas.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "11",
|
||||
"source_title": "Useful Greetings & Farewells"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Thanks → 'Muchas _____'.",
|
||||
"correct": "gracias",
|
||||
"distractor": "perdón",
|
||||
"explanation": "Gracias = thanks; perdón = sorry.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "11",
|
||||
"source_title": "Useful Greetings & Farewells"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Reply to gracias: '_____ nada'.",
|
||||
"correct": "De",
|
||||
"distractor": "Por",
|
||||
"explanation": "'De nada' literally 'of nothing' = you're welcome.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "11",
|
||||
"source_title": "Useful Greetings & Farewells"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "A mí me _____ la pizza.",
|
||||
"correct": "gusta",
|
||||
"distractor": "gustan",
|
||||
"explanation": "Pizza is singular, so use gusta.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "20",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Gustar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "A nosotros nos _____ los tacos.",
|
||||
"correct": "gustan",
|
||||
"distractor": "gusta",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tacos is plural, so use gustan.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "20",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Gustar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "A ellos _____ gusta jugar fútbol.",
|
||||
"correct": "les",
|
||||
"distractor": "le",
|
||||
"explanation": "Plural ellos requires plural IOP les.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "20",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Gustar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Me _____ bailar y cantar.",
|
||||
"correct": "gusta",
|
||||
"distractor": "gustan",
|
||||
"explanation": "Multiple infinitives still take singular gusta.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "20",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Gustar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "A Juan _____ gusta el café.",
|
||||
"correct": "le",
|
||||
"distractor": "lo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Gustar requires an IOP (le), not a DOP.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "20",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Gustar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ ti te gustan las películas.",
|
||||
"correct": "A",
|
||||
"distractor": "Para",
|
||||
"explanation": "Clarification structure uses a, not para.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "20",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Gustar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "A María le _____ los gatos.",
|
||||
"correct": "gustan",
|
||||
"distractor": "gusta",
|
||||
"explanation": "Gatos is plural; verb agrees with the subject.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "20",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Gustar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Me _____ hablar contigo.",
|
||||
"correct": "gusta",
|
||||
"distractor": "gustan",
|
||||
"explanation": "Hablar is a singular infinitive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "20",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Gustar"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ de la casa a las ocho. (salir)",
|
||||
"correct": "salgo",
|
||||
"distractor": "salo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Salir takes -go in yo form.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ la tarea cada día. (hacer)",
|
||||
"correct": "hago",
|
||||
"distractor": "haco",
|
||||
"explanation": "Hacer takes -go in yo form.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ un coche nuevo. (conducir)",
|
||||
"correct": "conduzco",
|
||||
"distractor": "conduco",
|
||||
"explanation": "-cir verbs take -zco in yo form.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ a Juan. (conocer)",
|
||||
"correct": "conozco",
|
||||
"distractor": "conoco",
|
||||
"explanation": "-cer verbs after a vowel take -zco.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ la película. (ver)",
|
||||
"correct": "veo",
|
||||
"distractor": "vo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Ver has the irregular yo form veo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ un regalo. (dar)",
|
||||
"correct": "doy",
|
||||
"distractor": "do",
|
||||
"explanation": "Dar has the irregular yo form doy.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ el libro en la mesa. (poner)",
|
||||
"correct": "pongo",
|
||||
"distractor": "pono",
|
||||
"explanation": "Poner takes -go in yo form.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ el almuerzo. (traer)",
|
||||
"correct": "traigo",
|
||||
"distractor": "trago",
|
||||
"explanation": "Traer is traigo (note the i); trago is from tragar (to swallow).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ a mi familia. (proteger)",
|
||||
"correct": "protejo",
|
||||
"distractor": "protego",
|
||||
"explanation": "Proteger spells the yo form with j (protejo) to keep the soft consonant sound.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ que sí. (suponer)",
|
||||
"correct": "supongo",
|
||||
"distractor": "supono",
|
||||
"explanation": "Suponer follows the -go pattern like poner.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "21",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Yo Verbs"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
194
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/object-pronouns.json
Normal file
194
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/object-pronouns.json
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ compro. (the car)",
|
||||
"correct": "lo",
|
||||
"distractor": "la",
|
||||
"explanation": "Coche is masculine singular, so use lo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "17",
|
||||
"source_title": "Direct Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ tienen. (the houses)",
|
||||
"correct": "las",
|
||||
"distractor": "los",
|
||||
"explanation": "Casas is feminine plural, so use las.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "17",
|
||||
"source_title": "Direct Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Quiero comprar_____. (it, masc.)",
|
||||
"correct": "lo",
|
||||
"distractor": "le",
|
||||
"explanation": "DOP attaches to the infinitive: comprarlo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "17",
|
||||
"source_title": "Direct Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú estás mirándo_____. (me)",
|
||||
"correct": "me",
|
||||
"distractor": "te",
|
||||
"explanation": "DOP attaches to the gerund with an accent: mirándome.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "17",
|
||||
"source_title": "Direct Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella mira _____ Juan.",
|
||||
"correct": "a",
|
||||
"distractor": "el",
|
||||
"explanation": "Personal a is required before a human direct object.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "17",
|
||||
"source_title": "Direct Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ amo. (you)",
|
||||
"correct": "te",
|
||||
"distractor": "ti",
|
||||
"explanation": "Te is the DOP; ti is for after prepositions.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "17",
|
||||
"source_title": "Direct Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Voy a leer_____. (the book)",
|
||||
"correct": "lo",
|
||||
"distractor": "los",
|
||||
"explanation": "Libro is masculine singular: leerlo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "17",
|
||||
"source_title": "Direct Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ vemos a ellos.",
|
||||
"correct": "los",
|
||||
"distractor": "les",
|
||||
"explanation": "Standard DOP for 'them' (m.) is los.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "17",
|
||||
"source_title": "Direct Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ doy el libro a María.",
|
||||
"correct": "le",
|
||||
"distractor": "la",
|
||||
"explanation": "Indirect object (recipient) requires le, not the DOP la.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "18",
|
||||
"source_title": "Indirect Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ compra los libros (to us).",
|
||||
"correct": "nos",
|
||||
"distractor": "les",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nos = to/for us.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "18",
|
||||
"source_title": "Indirect Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ enseño los conceptos a ellos.",
|
||||
"correct": "les",
|
||||
"distractor": "los",
|
||||
"explanation": "Les is the IOP for them; los would be a DOP.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "18",
|
||||
"source_title": "Indirect Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Quiero comprar_____ un regalo (to him).",
|
||||
"correct": "le",
|
||||
"distractor": "lo",
|
||||
"explanation": "IOP for the recipient him is le, attached to infinitive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "18",
|
||||
"source_title": "Indirect Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Estoy diciéndo_____ la verdad (to you).",
|
||||
"correct": "te",
|
||||
"distractor": "ti",
|
||||
"explanation": "Te is the IOP; ti is only after prepositions.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "18",
|
||||
"source_title": "Indirect Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella le compra un coche _____ él.",
|
||||
"correct": "a",
|
||||
"distractor": "para",
|
||||
"explanation": "Clarification structure uses a + pronoun.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "18",
|
||||
"source_title": "Indirect Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ doy el dinero a ellos. (I)",
|
||||
"correct": "Les",
|
||||
"distractor": "Le",
|
||||
"explanation": "Plural recipient ellos requires les.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "18",
|
||||
"source_title": "Indirect Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ escribes una carta a Emma.",
|
||||
"correct": "le",
|
||||
"distractor": "la",
|
||||
"explanation": "Indirect object 'to Emma' uses le.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "18",
|
||||
"source_title": "Indirect Object Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ da. (it to me)",
|
||||
"correct": "me lo",
|
||||
"distractor": "lo me",
|
||||
"explanation": "IOP comes before DOP: me lo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "19",
|
||||
"source_title": "Combining DOPs & IOPs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ compro a él. (it for him)",
|
||||
"correct": "se lo",
|
||||
"distractor": "le lo",
|
||||
"explanation": "le + lo → se lo to avoid two l-pronouns.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "19",
|
||||
"source_title": "Combining DOPs & IOPs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ lees a ellas. (them to them)",
|
||||
"correct": "se los",
|
||||
"distractor": "les los",
|
||||
"explanation": "les + los → se los.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "19",
|
||||
"source_title": "Combining DOPs & IOPs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos quieren present_____. (them to you)",
|
||||
"correct": "ártelos",
|
||||
"distractor": "artelos",
|
||||
"explanation": "When attaching both pronouns to an infinitive, add a written accent: presentártelos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "19",
|
||||
"source_title": "Combining DOPs & IOPs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella está dándo_____. (it to me)",
|
||||
"correct": "melo",
|
||||
"distractor": "lome",
|
||||
"explanation": "Order is me + lo when attached to gerund.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "19",
|
||||
"source_title": "Combining DOPs & IOPs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo puedo hacér_____ a él. (it for him)",
|
||||
"correct": "selo",
|
||||
"distractor": "lelo",
|
||||
"explanation": "le → se before lo; result attached to infinitive needs accent: hacérselo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "19",
|
||||
"source_title": "Combining DOPs & IOPs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella se lo escribe _____ él.",
|
||||
"correct": "a",
|
||||
"distractor": "para",
|
||||
"explanation": "Clarification uses a + pronoun (the IOP construction).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "19",
|
||||
"source_title": "Combining DOPs & IOPs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ damos. (it to you, sg.)",
|
||||
"correct": "te lo",
|
||||
"distractor": "lo te",
|
||||
"explanation": "IOP te before DOP lo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "19",
|
||||
"source_title": "Combining DOPs & IOPs"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
1
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/personal-a.json
Normal file
1
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/personal-a.json
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||
[]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ hablar español.",
|
||||
"correct": "puedo",
|
||||
"distractor": "podo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Stem change o→ue in yo form: puedo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "12",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Poder\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ ir mañana.",
|
||||
"correct": "podemos",
|
||||
"distractor": "puedemos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros keeps the regular stem: podemos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "12",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Poder\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ llamar por teléfono.",
|
||||
"correct": "pueden",
|
||||
"distractor": "poden",
|
||||
"explanation": "Ellos is in the 'boot' → stem change: pueden.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "12",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Poder\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Tú _____ ayudarme?",
|
||||
"correct": "puedes",
|
||||
"distractor": "podes",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tú is in the 'boot' → puedes.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "12",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Poder\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo puedo _____ español. (speak)",
|
||||
"correct": "hablar",
|
||||
"distractor": "hablo",
|
||||
"explanation": "After poder use the infinitive, not a conjugated form.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "12",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Poder\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Vosotros _____ entrar.",
|
||||
"correct": "podéis",
|
||||
"distractor": "puedéis",
|
||||
"explanation": "Vosotros stays regular: podéis.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "12",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Poder\""
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
82
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/por-vs-para.json
Normal file
82
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/por-vs-para.json
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Caminé _____ el parque ayer.",
|
||||
"correct": "por",
|
||||
"distractor": "para",
|
||||
"explanation": "Movement through a place uses por.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Este regalo es _____ ti.",
|
||||
"correct": "para",
|
||||
"distractor": "por",
|
||||
"explanation": "Recipient uses para.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Estudio mucho _____ aprobar el examen.",
|
||||
"correct": "para",
|
||||
"distractor": "por",
|
||||
"explanation": "Purpose / in order to uses para.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Llegué tarde _____ el tráfico.",
|
||||
"correct": "por",
|
||||
"distractor": "para",
|
||||
"explanation": "Reason / because of uses por.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Trabajé _____ ocho horas.",
|
||||
"correct": "por",
|
||||
"distractor": "para",
|
||||
"explanation": "Duration uses por.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Necesito el informe _____ el lunes.",
|
||||
"correct": "para",
|
||||
"distractor": "por",
|
||||
"explanation": "Deadline uses para.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Pagué cien dólares _____ esta camisa.",
|
||||
"correct": "por",
|
||||
"distractor": "para",
|
||||
"explanation": "Exchange uses por.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ mí, el español es fácil.",
|
||||
"correct": "Para",
|
||||
"distractor": "Por",
|
||||
"explanation": "Personal opinion uses para.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Mi hermana trabaja _____ Google.",
|
||||
"correct": "para",
|
||||
"distractor": "por",
|
||||
"explanation": "Employer uses para.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Conducimos a 100 km _____ hora.",
|
||||
"correct": "por",
|
||||
"distractor": "para",
|
||||
"explanation": "Per / rate uses por.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "33",
|
||||
"source_title": "Por & Para"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ coches son rojos. (my)",
|
||||
"correct": "Mis",
|
||||
"distractor": "Mi",
|
||||
"explanation": "Plural noun (coches) requires plural possessive (mis).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "09",
|
||||
"source_title": "Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ gato. (our, m.)",
|
||||
"correct": "Nuestro",
|
||||
"distractor": "Nuestra",
|
||||
"explanation": "Gato is masculine, so use nuestro.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "09",
|
||||
"source_title": "Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ rosa. (our, f.)",
|
||||
"correct": "Nuestra",
|
||||
"distractor": "Nuestro",
|
||||
"explanation": "Rosa is feminine → nuestra.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "09",
|
||||
"source_title": "Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo hablo con _____ amigo. (his)",
|
||||
"correct": "su",
|
||||
"distractor": "tu",
|
||||
"explanation": "su covers his/her/their; tu would mean 'your'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "09",
|
||||
"source_title": "Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo hablo con mis padres y con _____ amigos. (their)",
|
||||
"correct": "sus",
|
||||
"distractor": "su",
|
||||
"explanation": "Amigos is plural, so use sus.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "09",
|
||||
"source_title": "Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ perro. (your, informal sing.)",
|
||||
"correct": "Tu",
|
||||
"distractor": "Tú",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tu (no accent) is the possessive; tú is the pronoun 'you'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "09",
|
||||
"source_title": "Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Este regalo es para _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "mí",
|
||||
"distractor": "yo",
|
||||
"explanation": "After preposition 'para', use mí, not yo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "16",
|
||||
"source_title": "Prepositional Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Quieres ir _____?",
|
||||
"correct": "conmigo",
|
||||
"distractor": "con mí",
|
||||
"explanation": "con + mí combines into conmigo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "16",
|
||||
"source_title": "Prepositional Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Sí, voy _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "contigo",
|
||||
"distractor": "con ti",
|
||||
"explanation": "con + ti combines into contigo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "16",
|
||||
"source_title": "Prepositional Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "El libro es de _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "él",
|
||||
"distractor": "lo",
|
||||
"explanation": "After de, use the prepositional pronoun él (with accent).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "16",
|
||||
"source_title": "Prepositional Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Esto es para _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "nosotros",
|
||||
"distractor": "nos",
|
||||
"explanation": "After 'para', use the prepositional pronoun nosotros.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "16",
|
||||
"source_title": "Prepositional Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Entre tú y _____, no hay problema.",
|
||||
"correct": "yo",
|
||||
"distractor": "mí",
|
||||
"explanation": "After 'entre', Spanish uses subject pronouns yo and tú.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "16",
|
||||
"source_title": "Prepositional Pronouns"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella va _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "con ellos",
|
||||
"distractor": "conellos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Only mí and ti combine with con; con ellos stays separate.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "16",
|
||||
"source_title": "Prepositional Pronouns"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ español todos los días.",
|
||||
"correct": "hablo",
|
||||
"distractor": "hablas",
|
||||
"explanation": "yo takes -o in -ar verbs: hablo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "03",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conjugating Verbs (Present)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ pizza los viernes.",
|
||||
"correct": "comes",
|
||||
"distractor": "comen",
|
||||
"explanation": "tú takes -es in -er verbs: comes.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "03",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conjugating Verbs (Present)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ en Madrid.",
|
||||
"correct": "vivimos",
|
||||
"distractor": "vivís",
|
||||
"explanation": "nosotros + -ir = -imos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "03",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conjugating Verbs (Present)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ con sus amigos.",
|
||||
"correct": "hablan",
|
||||
"distractor": "habla",
|
||||
"explanation": "ellos + -ar = -an.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "03",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conjugating Verbs (Present)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ mucho café.",
|
||||
"correct": "come",
|
||||
"distractor": "como",
|
||||
"explanation": "ella + -er = -e (like the él form).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "03",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conjugating Verbs (Present)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ cerca de la escuela.",
|
||||
"correct": "vivo",
|
||||
"distractor": "vive",
|
||||
"explanation": "yo + -ir = -o.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "03",
|
||||
"source_title": "Conjugating Verbs (Present)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ hablado con él. (haber)",
|
||||
"correct": "he",
|
||||
"distractor": "ha",
|
||||
"explanation": "yo + haber = he.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "39",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ comido demasiado. (haber)",
|
||||
"correct": "has",
|
||||
"distractor": "ha",
|
||||
"explanation": "tú + haber = has.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "39",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ vivido aquí cinco años.",
|
||||
"correct": "hemos",
|
||||
"distractor": "habemos",
|
||||
"explanation": "nosotros + haber = hemos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "39",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella ha _____ una carta. (escribir)",
|
||||
"correct": "escrito",
|
||||
"distractor": "escribido",
|
||||
"explanation": "Escribir is irregular: escrito.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "39",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿_____ visto la película? (tú, haber)",
|
||||
"correct": "Has",
|
||||
"distractor": "Hes",
|
||||
"explanation": "tú form is 'has'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "39",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "John no me _____ ha dicho.",
|
||||
"correct": "lo",
|
||||
"distractor": "le",
|
||||
"explanation": "DOP 'lo' goes before haber along with IOP me.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "39",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ tenido muchos amigos.",
|
||||
"correct": "he",
|
||||
"distractor": "tengo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Use haber + tenido for 'have had'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "39",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "I have to read = Yo _____ que leer.",
|
||||
"correct": "tengo",
|
||||
"distractor": "he",
|
||||
"explanation": "Obligation uses tener que, not haber.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "39",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Tense"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ayer yo _____ con mi amigo. (hablar)",
|
||||
"correct": "hablé",
|
||||
"distractor": "hablo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Yo preterite of hablar = hablé (with accent).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "25",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense for Regular Verbs (Preterite)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ una pizza anoche. (comer)",
|
||||
"correct": "comiste",
|
||||
"distractor": "comes",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tú preterite of comer = comiste.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "25",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense for Regular Verbs (Preterite)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ en Madrid el año pasado. (vivir)",
|
||||
"correct": "vivió",
|
||||
"distractor": "vive",
|
||||
"explanation": "Él/ella preterite of vivir = vivió.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "25",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense for Regular Verbs (Preterite)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ en el restaurante ayer. (comer)",
|
||||
"correct": "comimos",
|
||||
"distractor": "comamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros preterite of comer = comimos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "25",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense for Regular Verbs (Preterite)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ todo el día. (trabajar)",
|
||||
"correct": "trabajaron",
|
||||
"distractor": "trabajan",
|
||||
"explanation": "Ellos preterite of trabajar = trabajaron.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "25",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense for Regular Verbs (Preterite)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ tres millas esta mañana. (correr)",
|
||||
"correct": "corrí",
|
||||
"distractor": "corro",
|
||||
"explanation": "Yo preterite of correr = corrí.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "25",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense for Regular Verbs (Preterite)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ la carta. (escribir)",
|
||||
"correct": "escribiste",
|
||||
"distractor": "escribes",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tú preterite of escribir = escribiste.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "25",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense for Regular Verbs (Preterite)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ayer yo _____ al cine.",
|
||||
"correct": "fui",
|
||||
"distractor": "iba",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of ir = fui (completed action). 'Iba' is imperfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "26",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense of Ser and Ir"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "La fiesta _____ muy divertida.",
|
||||
"correct": "fue",
|
||||
"distractor": "era",
|
||||
"explanation": "An event that happened — use the preterite of ser (fue).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "26",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense of Ser and Ir"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ a la playa el sábado.",
|
||||
"correct": "fuimos",
|
||||
"distractor": "vamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of ir = fuimos. 'Vamos' is present.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "26",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense of Ser and Ir"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ doctor antes, ¿verdad?",
|
||||
"correct": "fuiste",
|
||||
"distractor": "fue",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tú preterite of ser = fuiste.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "26",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense of Ser and Ir"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ al supermercado anoche.",
|
||||
"correct": "fueron",
|
||||
"distractor": "fueran",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of ir, ellos form = fueron.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "26",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense of Ser and Ir"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ difícil aprender español.",
|
||||
"correct": "Fue",
|
||||
"distractor": "Era",
|
||||
"explanation": "Completed evaluation of an event — preterite of ser (fue).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "26",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense of Ser and Ir"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿A dónde _____ tú anoche?",
|
||||
"correct": "fuiste",
|
||||
"distractor": "fueras",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of ir, tú form = fuiste.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "26",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Tense of Ser and Ir"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ayer yo _____ que trabajar mucho. (tener)",
|
||||
"correct": "tuve",
|
||||
"distractor": "tení",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of tener uses tuv- stem: tuve.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "27",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ en la playa el verano pasado. (estar)",
|
||||
"correct": "estuvimos",
|
||||
"distractor": "estábamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of estar uses estuv-: estuvimos. 'Estábamos' is imperfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "27",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ las llaves en la mesa. (poner)",
|
||||
"correct": "puse",
|
||||
"distractor": "ponía",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of poner uses pus-: puse.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "27",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos me _____ la verdad. (decir)",
|
||||
"correct": "dijeron",
|
||||
"distractor": "dijieron",
|
||||
"explanation": "j-stem verbs take -eron, not -ieron: dijeron.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "27",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Qué _____ tú anoche? (hacer)",
|
||||
"correct": "hiciste",
|
||||
"distractor": "hizo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tú preterite of hacer = hiciste.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "27",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ un pastel para mi cumpleaños. (hacer)",
|
||||
"correct": "hizo",
|
||||
"distractor": "hico",
|
||||
"explanation": "Él/ella form of hacer is hizo (with z) to preserve the soft sound.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "27",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ tarde a la fiesta. (venir)",
|
||||
"correct": "vine",
|
||||
"distractor": "vení",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of venir uses vin-: vine.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "27",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ comida a la fiesta. (traer)",
|
||||
"correct": "trajimos",
|
||||
"distractor": "traímos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of traer uses traj-: trajimos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "27",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ el coche al taller. (conducir)",
|
||||
"correct": "condujiste",
|
||||
"distractor": "conduciste",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite of conducir uses conduj-: condujiste.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "27",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 1"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo no _____ ir a la fiesta. (poder)",
|
||||
"correct": "pude",
|
||||
"distractor": "podía",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite poder = pude (managed to / could). 'Podía' is imperfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ayer yo _____ que estás casado. (saber)",
|
||||
"correct": "supe",
|
||||
"distractor": "sabía",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite saber = supe and means 'I found out'. 'Sabía' = 'I knew (already)'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ ocho horas anoche. (dormir)",
|
||||
"correct": "durmieron",
|
||||
"distractor": "dormieron",
|
||||
"explanation": "dormir is a 3rd-person stem-changer: o→u in ellos: durmieron.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ una hamburguesa. (pedir)",
|
||||
"correct": "pidió",
|
||||
"distractor": "pedió",
|
||||
"explanation": "pedir is a 3rd-person stem-changer: e→i in él/ella: pidió.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ a mi amigo en la calle. (ver)",
|
||||
"correct": "vi",
|
||||
"distractor": "ví",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite ver = vi (no written accent).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo te _____ un regalo. (dar)",
|
||||
"correct": "di",
|
||||
"distractor": "dí",
|
||||
"explanation": "Preterite dar = di (no written accent).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Él _____ el periódico esta mañana. (leer)",
|
||||
"correct": "leyó",
|
||||
"distractor": "leió",
|
||||
"explanation": "leer takes y in 3rd person: leyó.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ al tenis ayer. (jugar)",
|
||||
"correct": "jugué",
|
||||
"distractor": "jugé",
|
||||
"explanation": "-gar verbs change yo to -gué: jugué.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ español por dos horas. (practicar)",
|
||||
"correct": "practiqué",
|
||||
"distractor": "practicé",
|
||||
"explanation": "-car verbs change yo to -qué: practiqué.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ a estudiar a las ocho. (empezar)",
|
||||
"correct": "empecé",
|
||||
"distractor": "empezé",
|
||||
"explanation": "-zar verbs change yo to -cé: empecé.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "28",
|
||||
"source_title": "Irregular Verbs in the Past - Part 2"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Cuando era niño, _____ al parque todos los días.",
|
||||
"correct": "iba",
|
||||
"distractor": "fui",
|
||||
"explanation": "Habitual past action → imperfect of ir.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "31",
|
||||
"source_title": "Imperfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Mientras yo _____, sonó el teléfono.",
|
||||
"correct": "comía",
|
||||
"distractor": "comí",
|
||||
"explanation": "Background ongoing action → imperfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "31",
|
||||
"source_title": "Imperfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Cuando éramos jóvenes, nosotros _____ en Madrid.",
|
||||
"correct": "vivíamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "vivimos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Habitual past → imperfect of vivir.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "31",
|
||||
"source_title": "Imperfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ las cinco cuando llegó.",
|
||||
"correct": "Eran",
|
||||
"distractor": "Fueron",
|
||||
"explanation": "Time in the past always uses imperfect of ser.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "31",
|
||||
"source_title": "Imperfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Mi abuela _____ mucho la tele.",
|
||||
"correct": "veía",
|
||||
"distractor": "vio",
|
||||
"explanation": "Habit → imperfect of ver.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "31",
|
||||
"source_title": "Imperfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ hablando cuando entró.",
|
||||
"correct": "estaba",
|
||||
"distractor": "estuve",
|
||||
"explanation": "Past progressive needs estar in the imperfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "31",
|
||||
"source_title": "Imperfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Él _____ muy alto de joven.",
|
||||
"correct": "era",
|
||||
"distractor": "fue",
|
||||
"explanation": "Trait/description → imperfect of ser.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "31",
|
||||
"source_title": "Imperfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú siempre _____ pan en la panadería.",
|
||||
"correct": "comprabas",
|
||||
"distractor": "compraste",
|
||||
"explanation": "'Siempre' + habitual action → imperfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "31",
|
||||
"source_title": "Imperfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella ya _____ salido. (haber)",
|
||||
"correct": "había",
|
||||
"distractor": "ha",
|
||||
"explanation": "Past perfect uses imperfect haber 'había'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "40",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo ya _____ estudiado.",
|
||||
"correct": "había",
|
||||
"distractor": "habría",
|
||||
"explanation": "Yo form is 'había' in imperfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "40",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ visto la película.",
|
||||
"correct": "habíamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "hemos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros form 'habíamos' for past perfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "40",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Antes de llegar, yo ya _____ comido.",
|
||||
"correct": "había",
|
||||
"distractor": "he",
|
||||
"explanation": "Past perfect with antes de.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "40",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Él no me lo _____ mostrado.",
|
||||
"correct": "había",
|
||||
"distractor": "habrá",
|
||||
"explanation": "Negation goes before haber, which stays imperfect.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "40",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "I had a dog (state) → Yo _____ un perro.",
|
||||
"correct": "tenía",
|
||||
"distractor": "había tenido",
|
||||
"explanation": "Ongoing past state uses imperfect of tener.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "40",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "I had to study → Yo _____ que estudiar.",
|
||||
"correct": "tuve",
|
||||
"distractor": "había",
|
||||
"explanation": "Completed obligation uses preterite of tener.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "40",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Tense"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Antes de ir al trabajo, me _____ duchado.",
|
||||
"correct": "había",
|
||||
"distractor": "habíamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Reflexive 'me' before haber, yo form 'había'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "40",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Tense"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
106
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/reflexive-verbs.json
Normal file
106
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/reflexive-verbs.json
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ las manos antes de comer.",
|
||||
"correct": "me lavo",
|
||||
"distractor": "lavo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Lavarse needs the reflexive pronoun me when the action is on the subject.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "29",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Cómo _____ llamas?",
|
||||
"correct": "te",
|
||||
"distractor": "se",
|
||||
"explanation": "Tú uses te.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "29",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ despertaron temprano.",
|
||||
"correct": "se",
|
||||
"distractor": "nos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Ellos uses se.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "29",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ levantamos a las siete.",
|
||||
"correct": "nos",
|
||||
"distractor": "se",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros uses nos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "29",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Estás _____ ahora mismo.",
|
||||
"correct": "lavándote",
|
||||
"distractor": "lavandote",
|
||||
"explanation": "When the pronoun attaches to the gerund, an accent is required to keep the stress.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "29",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ pongo el abrigo.",
|
||||
"correct": "me",
|
||||
"distractor": "te",
|
||||
"explanation": "Yo uses me.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "29",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Él _____ fue de la fiesta.",
|
||||
"correct": "se",
|
||||
"distractor": "le",
|
||||
"explanation": "Irse requires the reflexive pronoun se for él.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "29",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Mis hermanos _____ ayudan con la tarea.",
|
||||
"correct": "se",
|
||||
"distractor": "nos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Mis hermanos = ellos → se.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "30",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ vemos los domingos.",
|
||||
"correct": "nos",
|
||||
"distractor": "se",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros uses nos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "30",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ saludaron en la calle.",
|
||||
"correct": "se",
|
||||
"distractor": "le",
|
||||
"explanation": "Reciprocal saludarse uses se for ellos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "30",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "John y yo _____ conocimos en 2010.",
|
||||
"correct": "nos",
|
||||
"distractor": "se",
|
||||
"explanation": "Subject is 'we' → nos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "30",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Mis padres _____ aman mucho.",
|
||||
"correct": "se",
|
||||
"distractor": "nos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Mis padres = ellos → se.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "30",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Vosotros _____ habláis a menudo?",
|
||||
"correct": "os",
|
||||
"distractor": "se",
|
||||
"explanation": "Vosotros uses os.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "30",
|
||||
"source_title": "Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo usaré el teléfono _____ yo compré.",
|
||||
"correct": "que",
|
||||
"distractor": "lo que",
|
||||
"explanation": "Refers to a specific noun (teléfono), so use que.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "45",
|
||||
"source_title": "Que & Lo que"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ yo quiero es una casa.",
|
||||
"correct": "Lo que",
|
||||
"distractor": "Que",
|
||||
"explanation": "Refers to an abstract idea ('what I want'), so use lo que.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "45",
|
||||
"source_title": "Que & Lo que"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú no sabes _____ tú quieres.",
|
||||
"correct": "lo que",
|
||||
"distractor": "que",
|
||||
"explanation": "'What you want' is unspecified — lo que.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "45",
|
||||
"source_title": "Que & Lo que"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "La casa _____ tú ves es grande.",
|
||||
"correct": "que",
|
||||
"distractor": "lo que",
|
||||
"explanation": "Modifying a specific noun (casa).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "45",
|
||||
"source_title": "Que & Lo que"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo veo _____ ese hombre está caminando.",
|
||||
"correct": "que",
|
||||
"distractor": "lo que",
|
||||
"explanation": "Conjunction joining clauses ('I see that…').",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "45",
|
||||
"source_title": "Que & Lo que"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ ellos necesitan es algo para comer.",
|
||||
"correct": "Lo que",
|
||||
"distractor": "Que",
|
||||
"explanation": "Abstract subject of the sentence.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "45",
|
||||
"source_title": "Que & Lo que"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo no vi _____ tú me diste.",
|
||||
"correct": "lo que",
|
||||
"distractor": "que",
|
||||
"explanation": "Unspecified thing — lo que.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "45",
|
||||
"source_title": "Que & Lo que"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo he tomado la medicina _____ el doctor me dio.",
|
||||
"correct": "que",
|
||||
"distractor": "lo que",
|
||||
"explanation": "Modifies medicina, a specific noun.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "45",
|
||||
"source_title": "Que & Lo que"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ la respuesta a la pregunta.",
|
||||
"correct": "sé",
|
||||
"distractor": "conozco",
|
||||
"explanation": "Knowing a fact uses saber; yo form is sé (with accent).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "23",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Saber"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ tocar la guitarra muy bien.",
|
||||
"correct": "sabes",
|
||||
"distractor": "conoces",
|
||||
"explanation": "Knowing how to do something is a skill — use saber.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "23",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Saber"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ hablar tres idiomas.",
|
||||
"correct": "sé",
|
||||
"distractor": "se",
|
||||
"explanation": "Yo sé needs the accent; without it, 'se' is a reflexive pronoun.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "23",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Saber"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ la verdad sobre eso.",
|
||||
"correct": "sabemos",
|
||||
"distractor": "conocemos",
|
||||
"explanation": "The truth is a fact — use saber.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "23",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Saber"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ cocinar comida italiana.",
|
||||
"correct": "sabe",
|
||||
"distractor": "conoce",
|
||||
"explanation": "Cooking is a skill (how to do something) — use saber.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "23",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Saber"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ qué hora es.",
|
||||
"correct": "saben",
|
||||
"distractor": "conocen",
|
||||
"explanation": "Time is factual information — use saber.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "23",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Saber"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ a María desde la escuela.",
|
||||
"correct": "conozco",
|
||||
"distractor": "sé",
|
||||
"explanation": "Knowing a person uses conocer (with personal 'a'). Yo form is conozco.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "24",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Conocer"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Tú _____ Madrid?",
|
||||
"correct": "conoces",
|
||||
"distractor": "sabes",
|
||||
"explanation": "Knowing a place uses conocer.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "24",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Conocer"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ esta canción.",
|
||||
"correct": "conocemos",
|
||||
"distractor": "sabemos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Being familiar with a thing uses conocer.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "24",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Conocer"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ a mis padres.",
|
||||
"correct": "conocen",
|
||||
"distractor": "saben",
|
||||
"explanation": "Knowing people uses conocer with personal a.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "24",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Conocer"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ que tú vienes mañana.",
|
||||
"correct": "sabe",
|
||||
"distractor": "conoce",
|
||||
"explanation": "A fact (that you're coming) uses saber, not conocer.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "24",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Conocer"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ ese restaurante; está cerca.",
|
||||
"correct": "conozco",
|
||||
"distractor": "sé",
|
||||
"explanation": "Familiarity with a place uses conocer.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "24",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Conocer"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||
[]
|
||||
178
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/ser-vs-estar.json
Normal file
178
docs/spanish-fundamentals/exercises/seed/ser-vs-estar.json
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ de México.",
|
||||
"correct": "soy",
|
||||
"distractor": "estoy",
|
||||
"explanation": "Place of origin uses ser.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "05",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Ser"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ doctora.",
|
||||
"correct": "es",
|
||||
"distractor": "está",
|
||||
"explanation": "Occupation uses ser; no indefinite article needed.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "05",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Ser"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ amigos.",
|
||||
"correct": "somos",
|
||||
"distractor": "estamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Identity (we are friends) uses ser.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "05",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Ser"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ las tres de la tarde.",
|
||||
"correct": "Son",
|
||||
"distractor": "Es",
|
||||
"explanation": "Hours 2 and up are plural → son.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "05",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Ser"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "_____ la una en punto.",
|
||||
"correct": "Es",
|
||||
"distractor": "Son",
|
||||
"explanation": "1 o'clock is singular → es la una.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "05",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Ser"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "La fiesta _____ en mi casa.",
|
||||
"correct": "es",
|
||||
"distractor": "está",
|
||||
"explanation": "Where an event TAKES PLACE uses ser, not estar.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "05",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Ser"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ muy alto.",
|
||||
"correct": "eres",
|
||||
"distractor": "estás",
|
||||
"explanation": "Physical trait → factual → ser.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "05",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Ser"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ feliz hoy.",
|
||||
"correct": "estoy",
|
||||
"distractor": "soy",
|
||||
"explanation": "Emotion that changes over time → estar.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "07",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Estar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Dónde _____ tú?",
|
||||
"correct": "estás",
|
||||
"distractor": "eres",
|
||||
"explanation": "Location → estar.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "07",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Estar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Las puertas _____ abiertas.",
|
||||
"correct": "están",
|
||||
"distractor": "son",
|
||||
"explanation": "Current condition → estar.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "07",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Estar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Él _____ alto.",
|
||||
"correct": "es",
|
||||
"distractor": "está",
|
||||
"explanation": "Physical trait → factual → ser.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "07",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Estar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ en el parque.",
|
||||
"correct": "estamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "somos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Location → estar.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "07",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Estar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ ocupado ahora.",
|
||||
"correct": "estás",
|
||||
"distractor": "eres",
|
||||
"explanation": "Temporary condition right now → estar.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "07",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Estar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Hoy _____ nublado.",
|
||||
"correct": "está",
|
||||
"distractor": "es",
|
||||
"explanation": "Weather adjective → estar.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "07",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb Estar"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "La puerta está _____ (cerrar).",
|
||||
"correct": "cerrada",
|
||||
"distractor": "cerrado",
|
||||
"explanation": "Puerta is feminine; participle agrees.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "38",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Participles As Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "El libro está _____ (abrir).",
|
||||
"correct": "abierto",
|
||||
"distractor": "abrido",
|
||||
"explanation": "Abrir has irregular participle 'abierto'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "38",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Participles As Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Los textos están _____ (escribir).",
|
||||
"correct": "escritos",
|
||||
"distractor": "escribidos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Irregular 'escrito', plural masculine.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "38",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Participles As Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "La cama está _____ (hacer).",
|
||||
"correct": "hecha",
|
||||
"distractor": "hacida",
|
||||
"explanation": "Hacer→hecho; agrees with feminine cama.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "38",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Participles As Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "El problema está _____ (resolver).",
|
||||
"correct": "resuelto",
|
||||
"distractor": "resolvido",
|
||||
"explanation": "Resolver has irregular 'resuelto'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "38",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Participles As Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Mis respuestas están _____ (completar).",
|
||||
"correct": "completas",
|
||||
"distractor": "completados",
|
||||
"explanation": "Respuestas is feminine plural.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "38",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Participles As Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "El día está _____ (morir).",
|
||||
"correct": "muerto",
|
||||
"distractor": "morido",
|
||||
"explanation": "Morir has irregular 'muerto'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "38",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Participles As Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "El _____ Día de los _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "Muertos",
|
||||
"distractor": "Muerto",
|
||||
"explanation": "Plural masculine: Muertos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "38",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Participles As Adjectives"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||
[]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ a estudiar a las nueve. (empezar)",
|
||||
"correct": "empiezo",
|
||||
"distractor": "empezo",
|
||||
"explanation": "empezar is e→ie; the yo form is empiezo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "22",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stem-Changing Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ al fútbol los sábados. (jugar)",
|
||||
"correct": "jugamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "juegamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros doesn't take the stem change; it stays jugamos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "22",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stem-Changing Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella _____ que sí. (decir)",
|
||||
"correct": "dice",
|
||||
"distractor": "dece",
|
||||
"explanation": "decir is e→i; él/ella form is dice.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "22",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stem-Changing Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ tu cumpleaños. (recordar)",
|
||||
"correct": "recuerdo",
|
||||
"distractor": "recordo",
|
||||
"explanation": "recordar is o→ue; the yo form is recuerdo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "22",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stem-Changing Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ venir hoy. (poder)",
|
||||
"correct": "pueden",
|
||||
"distractor": "poden",
|
||||
"explanation": "poder is o→ue; ellos form is pueden.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "22",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stem-Changing Verbs"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Vosotros _____ pronto. (empezar)",
|
||||
"correct": "empezáis",
|
||||
"distractor": "empiezáis",
|
||||
"explanation": "Vosotros keeps the original stem: empezáis.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "22",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stem-Changing Verbs"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Estos libros son _____ (mine).",
|
||||
"correct": "míos",
|
||||
"distractor": "mío",
|
||||
"explanation": "Plural masculine noun (libros) → míos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "32",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stressed Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "La casa es _____ (ours).",
|
||||
"correct": "nuestra",
|
||||
"distractor": "nuestro",
|
||||
"explanation": "Casa is feminine singular → nuestra.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "32",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stressed Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Una amiga _____ (of mine) llegó ayer.",
|
||||
"correct": "mía",
|
||||
"distractor": "mío",
|
||||
"explanation": "Amiga is feminine → mía.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "32",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stressed Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Los problemas son _____ (theirs).",
|
||||
"correct": "suyos",
|
||||
"distractor": "suya",
|
||||
"explanation": "Problemas is masc. plural → suyos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "32",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stressed Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "El coche _____ (of yours, tú) es nuevo.",
|
||||
"correct": "tuyo",
|
||||
"distractor": "tuya",
|
||||
"explanation": "Coche is masc. sing. → tuyo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "32",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stressed Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Las ideas _____ (yours, vosotros) son buenas.",
|
||||
"correct": "vuestras",
|
||||
"distractor": "vuestros",
|
||||
"explanation": "Ideas is fem. plural → vuestras.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "32",
|
||||
"source_title": "Stressed Possessive Adjectives"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo quiero que tú _____ español. (estudiar)",
|
||||
"correct": "estudies",
|
||||
"distractor": "estudias",
|
||||
"explanation": "querer triggers subjunctive; second clause has a new subject.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "46",
|
||||
"source_title": "Understanding the Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es necesario que nosotros _____ aquí. (estar)",
|
||||
"correct": "estemos",
|
||||
"distractor": "estamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Impersonal expression triggers subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "46",
|
||||
"source_title": "Understanding the Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo sé que tú _____ la verdad. (decir)",
|
||||
"correct": "dices",
|
||||
"distractor": "digas",
|
||||
"explanation": "saber states a fact — indicative, not subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "46",
|
||||
"source_title": "Understanding the Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Dudo que él _____ a la fiesta. (venir)",
|
||||
"correct": "venga",
|
||||
"distractor": "viene",
|
||||
"explanation": "dudar (Doubt) triggers subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "46",
|
||||
"source_title": "Understanding the Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es un hecho que la Tierra _____ redonda. (ser)",
|
||||
"correct": "es",
|
||||
"distractor": "sea",
|
||||
"explanation": "Statement of fact uses indicative.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "46",
|
||||
"source_title": "Understanding the Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Espero que tú _____ bien. (estar)",
|
||||
"correct": "estés",
|
||||
"distractor": "estás",
|
||||
"explanation": "esperar (Emotion) triggers subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "46",
|
||||
"source_title": "Understanding the Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Recomiendo que ustedes _____ todos los días. (practicar)",
|
||||
"correct": "practiquen",
|
||||
"distractor": "practican",
|
||||
"explanation": "recomendar triggers subjunctive; -car → -quen spelling change.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "46",
|
||||
"source_title": "Understanding the Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Quiero que tú _____ ahora. (hablar)",
|
||||
"correct": "hables",
|
||||
"distractor": "hablas",
|
||||
"explanation": "-ar verbs take -e endings in present subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "47",
|
||||
"source_title": "Verbs in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Espero que él _____ algo nuevo. (aprender)",
|
||||
"correct": "aprenda",
|
||||
"distractor": "aprende",
|
||||
"explanation": "-er verbs take -a endings.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "47",
|
||||
"source_title": "Verbs in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es importante que nosotros _____ a tiempo. (llegar)",
|
||||
"correct": "lleguemos",
|
||||
"distractor": "llegamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "-gar → -gue spelling change to keep hard g sound.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "47",
|
||||
"source_title": "Verbs in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Dudo que ella _____ la verdad. (saber)",
|
||||
"correct": "sepa",
|
||||
"distractor": "sabe",
|
||||
"explanation": "saber is one of the 5 fully irregular verbs.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "47",
|
||||
"source_title": "Verbs in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Quiero que tú _____ feliz. (ser)",
|
||||
"correct": "seas",
|
||||
"distractor": "eres",
|
||||
"explanation": "ser → sea, seas, sea…",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "47",
|
||||
"source_title": "Verbs in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es necesario que él _____ al doctor. (ir)",
|
||||
"correct": "vaya",
|
||||
"distractor": "va",
|
||||
"explanation": "ir → vaya in present subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "47",
|
||||
"source_title": "Verbs in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Quiero que nosotros _____ temprano. (dormir)",
|
||||
"correct": "durmamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "dormamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "-ir stem-changer: dormir changes o→u in nosotros.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "47",
|
||||
"source_title": "Verbs in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Recomiendo que tú _____ este texto. (analizar)",
|
||||
"correct": "analices",
|
||||
"distractor": "analizas",
|
||||
"explanation": "-zar → -ce spelling change.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "47",
|
||||
"source_title": "Verbs in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es bueno que yo _____ paciencia. (tener)",
|
||||
"correct": "tenga",
|
||||
"distractor": "tengo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Irregular yo verb: tengo → tenga across all persons.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "47",
|
||||
"source_title": "Verbs in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú esperas que yo _____ el libro. (comprar)",
|
||||
"correct": "compre",
|
||||
"distractor": "compro",
|
||||
"explanation": "esperar (Emotion) triggers subjunctive; -ar takes -e.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "48",
|
||||
"source_title": "Examples in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella desea que nosotros _____ más. (escribir)",
|
||||
"correct": "escribamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "escribimos",
|
||||
"explanation": "-ir verb in subjunctive takes -a endings.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "48",
|
||||
"source_title": "Examples in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Te recomendamos que tú _____ este coche. (conducir)",
|
||||
"correct": "conduzcas",
|
||||
"distractor": "conduces",
|
||||
"explanation": "Irregular yo: conduzco → conduzcas.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "48",
|
||||
"source_title": "Examples in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos dudan que él _____ mucho. (decir)",
|
||||
"correct": "diga",
|
||||
"distractor": "dice",
|
||||
"explanation": "Irregular yo: digo → diga.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "48",
|
||||
"source_title": "Examples in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es bueno que ella _____ feliz. (ser)",
|
||||
"correct": "sea",
|
||||
"distractor": "es",
|
||||
"explanation": "Impersonal expression triggers subjunctive; ser → sea.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "48",
|
||||
"source_title": "Examples in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es triste que ellos _____ sin decir adiós. (ir)",
|
||||
"correct": "vayan",
|
||||
"distractor": "van",
|
||||
"explanation": "ir is fully irregular: vayan.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "48",
|
||||
"source_title": "Examples in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo quiero que él _____ con sus amigos. (jugar)",
|
||||
"correct": "juegue",
|
||||
"distractor": "juega",
|
||||
"explanation": "Stem change u→ue plus -gar spelling change to gu.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "48",
|
||||
"source_title": "Examples in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es importante que tú me lo _____ ahora. (dar)",
|
||||
"correct": "des",
|
||||
"distractor": "das",
|
||||
"explanation": "dar is fully irregular: dé, des, dé…",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "48",
|
||||
"source_title": "Examples in the Present Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo quería que tú _____ conmigo.",
|
||||
"correct": "hablaras",
|
||||
"distractor": "hablas",
|
||||
"explanation": "Querer in imperfect triggers past subjunctive in the subordinate clause.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "49",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Subjunctive (Imperfect Subjunctive)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Si yo _____ rico, compraría una casa.",
|
||||
"correct": "fuera",
|
||||
"distractor": "soy",
|
||||
"explanation": "Contrary-to-fact si-clauses use the past subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "49",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Subjunctive (Imperfect Subjunctive)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella esperaba que yo _____ encontrarlo.",
|
||||
"correct": "pudiera",
|
||||
"distractor": "puedo",
|
||||
"explanation": "Esperar in past + W.E.I.R.D. trigger requires past subjunctive of poder.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "49",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Subjunctive (Imperfect Subjunctive)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos dudaban que él _____ lo que era.",
|
||||
"correct": "supiera",
|
||||
"distractor": "sabía",
|
||||
"explanation": "Dudar (Doubt) triggers subjunctive; past frame requires past subjunctive of saber.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "49",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Subjunctive (Imperfect Subjunctive)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Era necesario que nosotros _____ a la escuela.",
|
||||
"correct": "fuéramos",
|
||||
"distractor": "íbamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Impersonal expression in past + ir uses fuéramos (note accent on nosotros form).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "49",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Subjunctive (Imperfect Subjunctive)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú tenías miedo de que él te lo _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "diera",
|
||||
"distractor": "dio",
|
||||
"explanation": "Emotion in past triggers past subjunctive; dar → diera.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "49",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Subjunctive (Imperfect Subjunctive)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Necesitábamos que tú lo _____ aquí.",
|
||||
"correct": "pusieras",
|
||||
"distractor": "pones",
|
||||
"explanation": "Past necesitar + W.E.I.R.D. trigger; poner → pusieras.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "49",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Subjunctive (Imperfect Subjunctive)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo esperaba que ellos _____ un perro.",
|
||||
"correct": "tuvieran",
|
||||
"distractor": "tienen",
|
||||
"explanation": "Esperar in imperfect requires past subjunctive of tener.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "49",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Subjunctive (Imperfect Subjunctive)"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo espero que tú _____ dormido bien.",
|
||||
"correct": "hayas",
|
||||
"distractor": "has",
|
||||
"explanation": "Esperar triggers subjunctive; haber must be in present subjunctive (hayas).",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "50",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es posible que nosotros _____ hecho algo malo.",
|
||||
"correct": "hayamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "hemos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Impersonal expression triggers subjunctive form of haber.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "50",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "No creemos que tú hayas _____ mucho.",
|
||||
"correct": "comido",
|
||||
"distractor": "comer",
|
||||
"explanation": "After haya- forms you need a past participle, not an infinitive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "50",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es triste que él no lo _____ pasado.",
|
||||
"correct": "haya",
|
||||
"distractor": "ha",
|
||||
"explanation": "Emotion (es triste) triggers subjunctive; the object pronoun lo goes before haya.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "50",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es imposible que ellos hayan _____ un libro.",
|
||||
"correct": "escrito",
|
||||
"distractor": "escribido",
|
||||
"explanation": "Escribir has the irregular past participle escrito.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "50",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Es una lástima que ellos no me lo _____ dado.",
|
||||
"correct": "hayan",
|
||||
"distractor": "han",
|
||||
"explanation": "Impersonal triggers subjunctive; both pronouns precede the haber form.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "50",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ella duda que nosotros _____ venido tan rápido.",
|
||||
"correct": "hayamos",
|
||||
"distractor": "habíamos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Dudar triggers subjunctive in the present, not the past — use hayamos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "50",
|
||||
"source_title": "Present Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo dudaba que tú _____ llegado.",
|
||||
"correct": "hubieras",
|
||||
"distractor": "habías",
|
||||
"explanation": "Dudar in past triggers past perfect subjunctive of haber.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "51",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "No había nadie que _____ dormido.",
|
||||
"correct": "hubiera",
|
||||
"distractor": "había",
|
||||
"explanation": "Negative antecedent (nadie) plus past frame requires past perfect subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "51",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "No era cierto que yo lo _____ llamado.",
|
||||
"correct": "hubiera",
|
||||
"distractor": "había",
|
||||
"explanation": "Impersonal negation triggers subjunctive; the object pronoun lo precedes hubiera.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "51",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Si tú _____ estudiado, habrías aprobado.",
|
||||
"correct": "hubieras",
|
||||
"distractor": "habías",
|
||||
"explanation": "Past contrary-to-fact si-clause uses past perfect subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "51",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú esperabas que él _____ ganado el juego.",
|
||||
"correct": "hubiera",
|
||||
"distractor": "ha",
|
||||
"explanation": "Esperar in past + past-of-past meaning needs hubiera + past participle.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "51",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "¿Había alguien que _____ visto la película?",
|
||||
"correct": "hubiera",
|
||||
"distractor": "ha",
|
||||
"explanation": "Indefinite/uncertain antecedent in past triggers past perfect subjunctive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "51",
|
||||
"source_title": "Past Perfect Subjunctive"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo _____ un perro.",
|
||||
"correct": "tengo",
|
||||
"distractor": "tieno",
|
||||
"explanation": "yo form of tener is irregular: tengo.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "14",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Tener\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Tú _____ que pagar.",
|
||||
"correct": "tienes",
|
||||
"distractor": "tenes",
|
||||
"explanation": "Stem change e→ie in tú: tienes.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "14",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Tener\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Nosotros _____ una clase mañana.",
|
||||
"correct": "tenemos",
|
||||
"distractor": "tienemos",
|
||||
"explanation": "Nosotros keeps the regular stem: tenemos.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "14",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Tener\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Yo tengo _____ salir. (have to)",
|
||||
"correct": "que",
|
||||
"distractor": "a",
|
||||
"explanation": "tener uses que (not a) before an infinitive.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "14",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Tener\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "Ellos _____ que leer los libros.",
|
||||
"correct": "tienen",
|
||||
"distractor": "tenen",
|
||||
"explanation": "Ellos is in the boot: tienen.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "14",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Tener\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "I'm hungry → Yo _____ hambre.",
|
||||
"correct": "tengo",
|
||||
"distractor": "estoy",
|
||||
"explanation": "Spanish uses tener for hunger; estar is wrong here.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "14",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Tener\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "I'm 19 → Yo tengo 19 _____.",
|
||||
"correct": "años",
|
||||
"distractor": "soy",
|
||||
"explanation": "Age is expressed as 'tengo X años'.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "14",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Tener\""
|
||||
},
|
||||
{
|
||||
"sentence": "I'm very hungry → Tengo _____ hambre.",
|
||||
"correct": "mucha",
|
||||
"distractor": "muy",
|
||||
"explanation": "Use mucha/o (adjective) to intensify a tener expression, not muy.",
|
||||
"source_chapter": "14",
|
||||
"source_title": "The Verb \"Tener\""
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||
[]
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user