this video contains every Spanish idea
principle and fundamental that you need
in order to understand how Spanish
operates as a language after watching
this video you will have a clear basis
of Spanish and understand how to use its
ideas properly in essence this video is
a long collection of all of my previous
videos combined that show and explain
each Spanish concept individually so
that way you don't have to search each
concept on its own everything that you
need in Spanish is in this video aside
from verbs like gust and the difference
between K and qu I've decided to not
describe them because these are Spanish
Concepts that do not need thorough
explanations aside from that everything
else is in this video some moments will
have weird sentences like this concept
is for a future video but that is
because all of my videos are edited into
one long video some parts will be slower
quieter and maybe even faster than
others and I do apologize for these
moments like I said at the beginning
this is a simple collection of all my
previous videos combined so therefore I
cannot go back and change them in any
way what's in this video is the same
across all of my previous videos and I
will end the video with a short
conclusion explaining why I showed these
ideas as they are anyhow enjoy this is
my first official video on my channel
that's going to go in depth with the
aspects of a language that you would
need to know to speak I chose to go with
Spanish first because I'm learning it
right now and I would even say that I
have an intermediate to an advanced
level of Spanish in all aspects of
reading and writing moderate speaking
and a bit of listening though I'm not a
native Spanish speaker I do have a
substantial amount of knowledge when it
comes down to the fundamentals of the
language and by fundamentals I mean the
first words phrases and sentences that
you would need to know to start start
speaking Spanish on a beginner level
everybody has to start with the
fundamentals of the language
understanding the basic syntax of the
language the alphabet words verbs
phrases and everything in between the
Spanish alphabet is actually no
different than the English alphabet
following the same letters but there are
a few differences like having an in
which is an N with a squiggle over it
having 27 letters instead of 26 like in
English and also every letter is
pronounced differently as someone who's
learning Spanish you don't necessarily
need to learn how to pronounce every
letter of the alphabet what you do need
to learn is how to use these letters in
context however I will still pronounce
them for you so that you can understand
how the language is spoken a b c d e
f
o That's How The Language sounds like
one spoken as a side note people
sometimes like to include the letters CH
and Y making the alphabet have 29
letters but these are mainly sound
letters that are used a lot less and
something important to say about the
sound yeah typically speaking if you're
someone who is not of Spanish Heritage
you will pronounce the sound as yeah two
L's make a ye sound like yav which is
Spanish for key now I would like to
speak about the words that you would
need to know to say daily if you want to
speak Spanish for now the biggest advice
that I can give is to just memorize
these words and keep them locked in your
mind and whenever I say memorize this or
memorize that it basically means that I
simplified the context to its easiest
form it cannot get any easier than this
so it's not not going to be difficult to
memorize these words and have them
locked in your memory here's what I'm
going to begin with accents question
words prepositional words and adverbs
pronouns days of the week months Seasons
time words and numbers number one
accents accents in Spanish essentially
help to indicate which syllable of a
word should be stressed out when spoken
out loud the accents are placed above
vowels and whenever you say them you put
the emphasis of the sound on that vowel
here's an example and I'm using this
example as an example you don't have to
know the rules for now yo ablo in
Spanish means I speak don't worry about
the conjugation yo that's the
pronunciation yo however ELO means he
spoke L with an accent mark means he
because without the accent it means the
article the masculine and also H's in
Spanish are not pronounced so whenever
you see a word beginning with a followed
by a vowel just say the vowel as it is
it's Noto Oro it's ablo ablo ablo ablo
that's Accents in Spanish number two
question words the best advice for these
words is again just memorize them these
are the question words and in Spanish
they look like this where is d when is
quando what is K why is for who is Ken
which is kual how is and how much or how
many is Quanto quanta quantos Quantas
and also whenever you write a question
with them you have to put an upside down
question mark in the beginning this is a
rule in the language and this is
something good to remember if you see
these words with accents the words are
used as literal questions sometimes K
without an accent mark can mean that as
in the sentence I wanted to tell you
that I'm happy sometimes D without an
accent mark can mean where I came from
I'm not using it as a question I'm using
it as a location additionally p means
why because you can see the word being
split and the emphasis is put on the K
part however if you were to combine them
together pronounced por this word means
because por is why por is because the
last thing to note is that some question
words have genders and plurality for
example if I ask kenes I'm asking about
who as in multiple people instead of one
person another example is how many if I
say Quantas I'm saying how many for them
feminine because the ending ah is most
of the time feminine in Spanish if I say
quantos I'm saying how many for them
masculine because the ending o is most
of the time masculine in Spanish number
three prepositional words and adverbs
prepositional words can be Fanboys such
as for and nor but or yet so and as a
bonus by for is para and is e nor is NI
but is per make sure that you have one R
because two RS per this would be Spanish
for dog or is O yet is used as still as
in the sentence I studied for my test
yet I failed I studied for my test but
still I failed this word is is actually
used as
Oro so is and by is now we have some
adverbs if is C no accent because with
an accent you have C which means yes
then is Inon also Isen of and from both
mean de but the meaning changes in
context with is Con to is a in and on is
n and each is kada just make sure you
know this information number four
pronouns I'll use this 2 X3 chart to
First explain their position of order in
English in English you have I you he you
can also include she but I'll say he
just to put up some space we the pronoun
in the fifth position is actually you
all or y'all English doesn't have this
pronoun but I will still included
because Spanish has it and finally they
these are the pronouns in Spanish yo to
with an accent because without the
accent it means to which is your L you
can also say a or andad actually means
you formal like when you're talking to a
professional person noos is masculine
and noas is feminine these pronouns have
genders votos is you all masculine and
votas is you all feminine and AOS is
they masculine AAS is they feminine
andus is you all formal try not focusing
on these pronouns because you will
rarely use them in conversation make
sure you know the main ones like yo to
El andos number five days of the week
Monday is Lunes Tuesday is mares
Wednesday is m
Thursday
is Sab Domingo you don't have to
capitalize these words in Spanish as you
do in English number six months once
again you don't have to capitalize these
in
Spanish
feo abil
Mayo jul AO sept
OCT number seven seasons
Verano in Prima number eight time words
and some of these have genders such as
second which ISO Ora this can also mean
second as an a position I'm in second
place but the meaning changes in context
minute which is or you can say Unos or
unas which both mean some or a few
minutes hour is a week is month is mes
year is ano make sure you put the
because without it you have ano which is
anus yesterday is a today is oi and
tomorrow is Manana Manana can also mean
morning but the meaning changes in
context and last one number nine numbers
now I'm not going to write every single
number down because this will be a long
video but I'll give the syntax of how to
say numbers and from there you can say
numbers on your own
un
there is no point of listing numbers
past 20 because all you do is take V and
then add any number you want to it but
it has to be written as one word like V
or V and so on 30 is TR e and whatever
number you want like
tros 40
is o no
mil and 1 million the last concept is
positions of numbers and these have
genders first is primo or Prima second
is SEO Ora it can also mean second as in
time I already covered
thatto also quto can mean room or
quarter of the time but the meaning
again changes in context
kto SE SE septimo Septima octavo octava
noen noena deimo deima there is no point
of learning numbers beyond that and it's
actually a concept I'll cover in a
future video so for now I want to say
that this is it for this video what I
covered in this video is the
fundamentals that you would need to
start speaking Spanish they all begin
here and of course if you don't memorize
all of them you can always use a
translator to translate the word that
you forgot and then it will be locked in
your mind accents question words
prepositional words and adverbs pronouns
days of the week
months Seasons time words and numbers
Spanish has a lot of verbs and a lot of
conjugation for those verbs and in this
video I'll go in depth and explain how
this fundamental actually works I like
to call this the primary fundamental of
Spanish because it's the first system of
the language where you'll need to think
in terms of translation unlike
memorization from the previous video
conjugation basically means that you're
modifying a verb so that it fits the
pronoun that you're writing the verb
into and speaking of pronouns here's
their syntax in case you forgot from the
previous video I'd also like to focus
not just on important verbs that you
have to know and how to conjugate but
also on which pronouns to concentrate on
the most because some pronouns are used
way more often than others like yo to
and L are used way more often than noos
Vos and AOS I'd first like to present
what the idea of verb conjugation looks
like in English to give you a base that
you can relate to the reason why English
is a very easy language is because it
has a very minimal syntax and it doesn't
really have a lot of variety in terms of
conjugation if I want to use the verb to
eat it will look like this in English
and keep in mind that this is just a
present form and also that the way you
figure out verbs in English is by the
preposition to to eat to walk to tell to
do whatever but in Spanish in order to
determine if a word is a verb it has to
end in a r e r or I but let's focus on
English for a second in English you say
I eat you eat he eats you can also say
she or it eats but we're focusing on
pronouns that you would use
realistically we eat you all eat there
reason no you all in English but I will
still include it because Spanish has it
and then they eat looking at the syntax
there's really n much in terms of
conjugation because eat stays eat for
80% of the pronouns and you only add an
s in the he pronoun because that's the
syntax of the language in Spanish there
are verbs ending in a r e r and I like
abl and V here are the meanings and
let's start with verbs ending in a r the
way that conjugation Works in Spanish is
by dropping off the ending of the verb
like abl and then you add the
corresponding conjugation that fits the
pronoun unlike the two conjugations that
you have in English Spanish has six of
them to conjugate simple verbs ending in
a r you first drop the ending of the
verb and then apply the ending that
corresponds with the pronoun for y you
put o for to you put as for l or aad you
put a for noos or noas but again we're
focusing on the pronouns you'll use the
most when speaking so for noos you put
Amos for Vos you put ice with an
emphasis on the a ice and for AOS you
put an let's use the verb abl which is a
verb you use a lot when you speak how
would you conjugate the verb abl in the
yo form you take a drop the ending and
you add o so you get ablo the the more
you try this concept the faster you'll
get it for two you get AAS for l or a
you get abla for noos you get aamos for
votos you get abl and for AOS you get
ablan try not concentrating on these
pronouns because the sentences that you
can make with them are very minimal all
we have to know for now is how to
conjugate verbs ending in a r using
every pronoun but you don't necessarily
need to make a thousand sentences with
them if you were to make phrases as
examples try focusing more on these
pronouns one important thing to note is
that the same system for conjugation
works for almost every AR verb out there
but I will not focus on all of them
because there is no point plus there are
verbs like gustar and pensar that are
topics for future videos and also I
don't like giving examples whenever I
show the First Fundamental of Spanish
because I believe that when you're
learning the beginning you can generate
examples on your own by simply
translating new vocabulary that you
encounter in your personal life plus as
I said as long as you know how to
conjugate verbs you're good to go
because by learning how to say yo ablo
you can already say many sentences like
yo ablo Espanol
y or you already said a few sentences
with the words yo and you can probably
say more based on whatever you want to
say next up there are verbs ending in
eer and these verbs follow a similar
syntax as verbs ending with a r for y
you drop the ending of the verb and you
put o for to you put s for l or a you
put e for noos you put Emos foros you
put Ace with an emphasis on the E Ace
and for AOS you put n using the verb K
as an example how would you conjugate
the verb K in the Y form you take K drop
the ending and add o so you get KO this
word can also mean like as in the
sentence like I told him yesterday but
the meaning changes in context for two
you get k for L you get k for noos Kos
foros and AOS com as I said again try
not concentrating on these pronouns
because the phrases that you can make
with them are mainly pointless there is
no point in knowing how to conjugate
every single e verb because you'll never
use all of them I'm just using a useful
verb like in order to show you how to
conjugate regular e verbs the last
concept is verbs ending in IR for yo you
drop the ending of the verb and put o
for to you put s for L you put e for
noos you put imos for votos you put is
with an emphasis on the E is and for AOS
you put n you might also notice that the
pronouns y to L and AOS all use the same
syntax as verbs ending in e which makes
the language more convenient using the
verb VI as an example for the Y pronoun
you take VI drop the ending and add o so
you get Vivo for two you get Viv for L
you get VI for noos you get Vios Vos VI
AOS VI as I said again there is no point
in knowing how to conjugate every single
IR verb because you'll never use all of
them so for now I want to say that this
is it for this video I could have made
it a longer video where I gave examples
and maybe quizzed you on some of the
topics that I show today but I prefer
not to I choose to end the concept here
because I believe that this is a
sufficient amount of information that
one would need to know in order to
understand verbs better in this video I
just explained the fundamental of a r ER
R and IR verb conjugation later you can
start making sentences using different
verbs and expressing any thought that
you have in mind in Spanish this is the
main fundamental of Spanish Spanish has
two types of Articles definite and
indefinite articles definite articles
speak of the articles the in English and
it's also known as the article that
specifies something such as the book
indefinite articles speak of a and or
some also known as articles that
generalize things like a book in Spanish
both types of Articles have gender and
plurality the definite article the in
Spanish is L the masculine and singular
and La feminine and singular a Libro
means the book and we know that this
article is masculine because the ending
of the noun that follows the article is
masculine most nouns in Spanish that end
in o tend to be masculine so we have to
put the masculine definite article L
likewise we do the same with the
feminine article Laina means the pool we
know this article is feminine because it
corresponds with the noun after it which
is feminine most souns in Spanish that
end in a tend to be feminine so we have
to put the feminine definite article La
if we want to pluralize the Articles L
becomes Los and La becomes l so Los
libros would be the books and Nas would
be the pools indefinite articles look
like this in Spanish un is a or n
masculine and singular and una is a or n
feminine and singular un Libro would be
a book and una Pina would be a pool also
it's really important not to say uno
Libro because if we say that we're
saying one book instead of a book we're
working with articles not numbers so if
we want to pluralize them we say Unos
lios some books and unas some pools
there are however a few strange words in
Spanish and we need to cover those to
such as class and car they both end with
e but they actually use the feminine
article La so la class is the class and
La car is the meat other words may end
in D such Asad and unad and those also
use the feminine article La soad is the
City and LA Universidad is the
University you might also find words
ending inion which is the English
version of words ending in t n and these
words also tend to use the feminine
article La so la Aion is the action at
last you might find a few exceptions
like prma and prog and you would think
that these words are feminine because
they end in a but actually they end in
Ma and words that end in MA in Spanish
use the masculine article L Elma is the
problem and El prog is the program two
more common words is Dia and AUA and you
want to say that those are feminine
because they end in a but they actually
use the masculine article l l is the day
and L AUA is the water there's also this
word photo and this word actually uses
the feminine article LA because photo is
short for photographia it ends in a so
you want to put La in the beginning the
verb s in Spanish means to be as in
being or existing and it syntax looks
like this in English I am you are he or
she it is we are yall are English
doesn't have this pronoun but I'm still
including it because Spanish has it and
they are part of the reason why English
is an easy language is because the
conjugation of these verbs stays the
same for most pronouns R is the same for
we they and you but they change for I
and he in Spanish however you have six
different conjugations for each pronoun
and actually the verb said is an
irregular verb meaning that you cannot
conjugate it like regular verbs and its
syntax completely changes in every
pronoun it looks like this in
Spanish and AOS son the best advice that
I can give is to just memorize these
conjugations because there is no
conjugation pattern to follow with them
but also try not focusing on these
pronouns because they're not used as
often as the other ones in conversation
however s is not used the same as it's
used in English you might have heard
teachers use nursery rhymes to describe
this verb saying who are you and from
where always use the verb said or some
teachers might also say that the verb
said is applied for permanent traits
about oneself I however don't like these
explanations whatsoever because they
tend to confuse students rather than
make them understand the subject matter
properly so this is going to be an
easier explanation of what to do with
the verb s the verb s mainly applies to
these uses your name nationality and
place of origin occupation physical
traits generalizations when and where
are events taking place and time and
date number one your name nationality
and place of origin if you want to say
your name in Spanish you will say yoy
and then your name if you want to say
your Spanish and you are from Spain you
will
say the conjugation so is used here
because you're talking about yourself
and the same principle applies to the
rest of the pronouns based on whichever
conjugation you want to work with number
two occupation if you want to say that
he is a professor you would say LS
Professor also you don't have to put an
indefinite article like un before
Professor because it's a rule in Spanish
so you would just say LS Professor he is
a professor the same principle applies
to the rest of the conjugations and
whichever occupation you decide to say
number three physical iCal traits if you
want to say you are beautiful you will
say toes Bonito or Bonita depending on
the person and the reason you use said
is because it's a trait that applies to
the person all the time by saying you
are beautiful to Edis Bonito you're
saying that the person is beautiful
always he was born beautiful he's
beautiful now and he will die beautiful
number four generalizations if you want
to say it is important to work you would
say in Spanish there is no notion of
starting a sentence with the word it so
you'll immediately start it with is s
important number five when and where are
events taking place if you want to say
the party is in the club you would say
La Festa is in club similarly you can
say the party is at six which would be
La Festa is the rule here is to always
include alas if the number is plural or
more than one and speaking of time it's
the last most important use of the verb
said time and date you can say a simple
sentence like it's Friday which would be
a generalization and time and it would
be svetness however when you start to
speak of time as in a clock this is
where the syntax gets slightly tricky if
you want to say it's 1 p.m. the sentence
would be de it begins with s but throws
the definite article LA because it uses
una as a feminine number so it's the one
in the afternoon or of the afternoon
make sure that you include the article
LA but primarily focus on the S because
when you include numbers that are more
than one the amount of time becomes
plural if you want to say it's 2 p.m.
you would
say because now we have plurality now
the sentence is in plural because we
have a non- singular digit so instead of
saying s for one you would say son for
for two and pluralize La for last and
then you'd
say it's the two in the afternoon the
same principle applies to other numbers
of time such as or de so these are the
uses of the verb in Spanish and as a
matter of fact the easiest way to
remember them is to always remember that
the verb said applies to factual
statements about oneself in case you
weren't paying close attention
everything that I've listed in this
video were examples that apply factually
about yourself by saying so Alex I'm
factually stating that my name is Alex
and I can not change that fact if I say
soy Bonito I'm factually stating that
I'm a beautiful person in general by
saying es Lunes I'm factually stating
that it's manday today by
saying I'm factually stating that it's 2
in the afternoon right now everything
that I've listed in this video were
factual statements and now you
understand why some teachers in schools
say that the verb said applies to
permanent traits because these are all
factual statements the present
progressive in Spanish is the English
version of verbs ending in ing or as
they're formally called infinitives
infinitives are verbs that are placed
after already conjugated verbs and so
they don't change or slightly get
modified with the present progressive if
you want to use the verb to talk you
would say I am talking by adding an ing
to the infinitive I is the subject m is
the conjugated verb to be for the I
pronoun and talking is the infinitive
that gets the ing added to it both in
English and Spanish the present
progressive indicates that an action is
being done right now which means that
there's progress happening in the
present however the ing version of
English looks different in Spanish at
first if you want to start a sentence in
the present progressive in Spanish you
would begin by saying your esto which
means I am esto is actually an irregular
conjugation of the yo pronoun said from
the verb estar which means to be there
are different conjugations for this verb
with different pronouns but the topic of
this verb is for a future video in
Spanish you have verbs ending in a r e r
and I but their infinitive version of
the present progressive is actually
quite easy to remember for verbs ending
in AR you would want to remove the
ending of the verb and then add the
ending Ando using the verb abl in the
present progressive you would say youro
remove the ending and then add Ando as
the ending of the infinitive so this way
you get EST which means I am speaking
the same principle applies to the rest
of the pronouns in any infinitive that
you want to use but keep in mind that
there are six different conjugations for
the verb estar which apply to their
corresponding pronouns and as I said
again the verb estar is for a future
video for verbs ending in e r and I
remove the ending of the verb and then
add the ending e Endo using and in the
present progressive you would say esto
and Y EST viendo which is I am eating
and I am living the same principle
applies to the rest of the pronouns and
any infinitive that you want to use but
once again remember to use the right
conjugation of each pronoun at last you
might encounter a few exceptions in
Spanish where modifying some infinitives
might require a bit more modification to
make the verb sound better when spoken
for instance you might see the verb
which means to read and you would want
to
say but this would be a mistake in
Spanish because Spanish has a rule that
says you cannot have three vowels next
to each other so you have to modify one
of them with a consonant to eliminate
the repetitive pronunciation when the
word is said so instead of saying Le
Endo you would
say which means I am reading and the
same concept applies to any pronoun you
want to use you might also find this
verb D which means to sleep and you
would want to say y esto but because
dormir is a stem changing verb you have
to change the stem of the verb to make
its pronunciation sound better so
instead of saying yo you would
Sayo which means I am sleeping and the
same idea applies to the rest of the
pronouns there is however another stem
changing verb in Spanish like which
means to say you would want to Sayo but
Spanish says that you have to change the
stem of the verb to make it sound better
so instead of saying Endo you would
Sayo which would mean I am saying and
once again the same principle applies to
the rest of the pronouns the verb estar
in Spanish means to be as in being or
existing unlike the weird conjugations
with the verb the verb EST actually
follows the normal syntax of conjugating
regular ar verbs and it looks like this
in Spanish to EST or EST
EST EST and
estan before I explain the primary uses
of the verb EST I first need to note a
few important things about this verb
just visually looking at its syntax you
can probably tell that the conjugation
for the yo pronoun is irregular because
it ends with a Y and this is done
specifically to not get it confused with
the demonstrative adjective esto esto
means this in the neutral form whenever
you're referring to something and you
don't know what it is you will always
say kesto indicating what is this
without knowing if the object you're
referring to is masculine or feminine
another important thing to note with
estar is that the pronouns to L and AOS
all have accents on the A and this is
also done on purpose because if you were
to remove the accents you would have
different words these words pronounced
estas and esta mean these and this
feminine but with the accent they mean
you are and he or she is so it's really
important to put accents on them and put
the emphasis on the a as always try not
focusing on these conjugations because
they're not used as often as the other
ones in conversation now the most
important thing to note about the verb
estar is that even though it means to be
as in being its uses are completely
different from the verb s which I
explained in one of my previous videos
the verb estar mainly applies to these
uses the present progressive location
and health conditions and emotions
number one the present progressive the
present progressive is something that I
explained in the video before this one
so you should be familiar with the
syntax but now this is where we can
start using the conjugations that apply
to other pronouns for instance if you
want to say that he is running you would
use the conjugated verb estar for the he
pronoun which would
be if you want to say you are thinking
you would say to EST both of these verbs
are actions that are happening right now
which explains why the verb EST is used
here and the same principle applies to
any pronoun and verb that you want to
use in the present progressive number
two location and whenever I speak of
location I speak of spatial
relationships relative to where
something or someone is as of this
moment you might have heard the saying
don't EST which means where are you the
reason why the verb EST is used here is
because the question is asking where one
is right now and if you're answering
this question you will likewise use the
verb estar by saying yo esto in
whichever location you want to say using
location with a can also indicate where
something or someone is relative to a
different object when asking don't EST
you can also reply
with which would mean I am next to the
house or to the next of the house and
the reason why St is used here is
because it uses a location in relation
to something else the same principle
applies to any pronoun verb and location
you want to use and the last usage to
know what the verb estar is health
conditions and emotions and this is by
far the trickiest use of the verb estar
because it's the number one concept that
most students struggle with with
whenever I refer to conditions and
emotions I'm talking about adjectives
that people use to refer to something
that they feel right now and not a
physical trait you might remember me
saying that the verb said is used for
physical traits and while that's true
the conditions and emotions of people
and sometimes objects primarily refer to
something that somebody feels rather
than being a factual statement looking
at this example both the words Alto and
Feliz are adjectives but one is a
factual and physical trait while the
other is an emotion that changes over
time while the verb said refers to
factual statements part of which
includes physical traits which are
factual about oneself the adjective is
using the conjugation s because the verb
said refers to factual statements LS
Alto he is tall is a factual statement
because you cannot change that fact
however once you start including
emotions this is where you need to have
a different sense of being because by
saying yiz I am happy I'm indicating
that I'm feeling happy and that my
feeling will change in time rather than
this being a factual statement about me
if you were to switch them and
say and this is where the meaning in
both sentences completely Chang changes
by saying Alto you're basically saying
that he is feeling tall rather than him
factually being tall which would be an
incorrect use of the verb EST because
the verb estar refers to conditions and
emotions that actively change over time
Alto means tall and masculine which is
an adjective that refers to a physical
and factual trait about oneself rather
than a Feeling by saying y fiz I'm
saying that I am happy as in I am a
happy person in general I was born happy
I'm happy now and I will die happy all
of this being a false statement because
happiness is a feeling that changes over
time it doesn't allow the verb said to
be used here so instead you would want
to look carefully at the difference
between physical and factual traits
about oneself and conditions and
emotions that change over time and with
conditions and emotions you might find
these phrases and adjectives to be the
most practical and 99% of the time they
all use the verb estar because all of
these conditions are emotions that
change over time and don't remain
factual I am good esto BN indicates that
I'm feeling good rather than me being a
good person in general you are busy
estas okup indicates that you are busy
as of this moment and you will not be
busy in the future which doesn't allow
the statement to be factual about you
hence EST is used the doors are
open this means that the doors are open
now but the recondition will probably
change in the future and also you might
have noticed that the ending of some of
these adjectives end in o or as and that
is because adjectives in Spanish have
gender and plurality and as a matter of
fact I will describe the concept of
adjectives in the video after this one
hopefully I'm making myself as clear as
possible with what to do with the verb
estar and in case you still don't
understand the concept the verb estar
mainly applies to uses that are
happening right now at this moment and
they're most likely to change in the
future just like I listed examples in my
set video the uses of the verb estar
likewise have a connective pattern
across all examples that are used in
this video there are other uses of the
verb estar like weather expressions but
they're not as important as the primary
uses in this video the present
progressive location and conditions and
emotions are the primary uses of the
verb estop and all of these uses have a
connection and that is they're happening
right now by saying eloro I'm saying
that he is running right now but he will
not be running in the future by saying y
esta I'm saying that I'm in the house
right now but I will not be in the
future by saying to EST ok I'm saying
that you are busy right now but you will
not be in the future when you really
think about it it makes sense why
Spanish has two verbs for being or to be
because half the time you utilize verbs
that describe you factually and these
can never change but on the other half
of the time you're describing yourself
using traits that apply for the moment
and now you might also understand why
some teachers say that the verb said
applies to permanent traits while estar
refers to Temporary traits because some
conditions last forever while other
happen right now Spanish has many
different types of adjectives and in
this video I would like to explain how
descriptive adjectives work in context
and by descriptive adjectives I mean
adjectives that physically or
conditionally describe something or
someone in Spanish all adjectives have
gender and plurality with the exceptions
of a few words that have a neutral
ending but still follow plurality
adjectives ending in O are masculine
adjectives ending in a are feminine and
neutral adjectives vary based on whoever
the subject is of the sentence if you
want to say that you are tall and
beautiful you would say y Alto I Bonito
if you're referring to someone that's
masculine and ala ionita would refer to
someone who is feminine if you were to
say that they are ugly and masculine you
would say AOS fos because now there are
multiple people which generates
plurality if you were to work with
adjectives that have a neutral ending
and say a sentence like these classes
are easy you would say estas classes fil
by adding an Es at the end of the
adjective to fit the plurality of the
sentence if you were to say we are
intelligent you would say no intentes
because the ending of the adjective
matches the plurality of the sentence
the same exact principle applies to any
pronoun and adjective you would like to
use however taking simple sentences like
the boy is smar in might make learning
too impractical because you're
generating sentences that are too easy
to say or sentences that are not said as
often as others if you were to instead
say the smart boy this is where the
syntax would start changing positions in
the sentence you would want to say El
intell Cho the smart boy but this would
be a mistake in Spanish because Spanish
has a rule that says you have to put
nouns before adjectives in order to
determine the subject from something
else so instead of saying El int Cho you
would say El Cho int which technically
would translate as the boy smart but
logically speaking it means the boy that
is smart but this is not included in
Spanish because it doesn't need to in
English whenever you're describing
subjects you put adjectives before nouns
but in Spanish you have to put
adjectives after nouns because it's a
rule in the language and once again the
same principle applies to any noun and
adjective you want to use there is
however an important rule to consider
whenever you're referring to adjectives
that are used factually and physically
about oneself and an adjective that is a
condition that changes over time in
English you may have sentences like I am
short and I am tired and both of these
sentences use the same conjugated form
of the verb to be in this case I am
because in English we don't care about
the continuation of the sentence as long
as we use the properly conjugated form
of to be to match the corresponding
pronoun in Spanish however you have to
watch out for these things because these
sentences contain two senses of being
one using a physical and factual trait
about yourself while the other expresses
an emotion that you feel which will
change in the future and with
descriptive adjectives the same rule
applies for both adjectives that apply
factually and conditionally the only
challenge is figuring out whether to use
S or estar with physical traits and
conditions and emotions la Osa the
beautiful girl can also be said
asosa the girl is beautiful which uses
said to factually describe the
subject the relaxed man can also be
rephrased
as the man is relaxed which uses the
verb to express the emotional condition
of the subject and with these being
physical traits that are used with s and
these being conditions that are used
with estar these are all commonly used
descriptive adjectives that you can use
to construct sentences on a daily basis
all you simply do is choose any pronoun
you want to use select any AD and then
remember which verb to use when
describing something or somebody for
example if you want to say that he is
smart you would say LS intell because
the word s is the correctly conjugated
form of said of the he pronoun being
used to express a factual statement
likewise if you want to say we are sad
you would say noos estamos tristes and
you would use EST as the conjugated form
of the wi pronoun because EST is used
for emotions that change over time and
you would also pluralize trist because
you have plurality in the sentence
possessive adjectives in Spanish
indicate that something is being
possessed by somebody or is in the own
hands of somebody the English version of
this would be my your his her or it our
Ys English doesn't have this adjective
but I'm still including it because
Spanish has it and finally there in
Spanish these possessive adjectives look
like this me with no accent because with
the accent you'll have a direct object
pronoun me to with no accent because
with the accent you have the pronoun you
Su and this adjective can simultaneously
mean his her or there and you can only
tell the difference between them in
context and finally noest vestro VRA
when the interesting things about
possessive adjectives in Spanish is that
the adjectives nestro and vestro are the
only adjectives that have gender if
you're referring to something masculine
in Spanish and you want to use the hour
adjective you would say nestro and then
whatever the follow-up is you can do the
same with nestra using feminine words
and you can replicate this concept using
the vestro adjective however I recommend
not focusing on these adjectives because
they're not used as often as the other
ones in Spanish and also all of these
possessive adjectives have plurality and
the way that you pluralize them is by
simply adding an S at the end of every
adjective and with plurality you can
only use it when you're referring to
noun that are not singular for example
if you want to say my car you would say
m cooche but saying my cars would be M
cooches if you want to say your dog you
would say two perro and saying your dogs
would be twoos however using the Sue
adjective is where the syntax gets a bit
tricky and like I said again this
adjective can mean his her and there it
can be pluralized and you can only tell
the difference between them in context
you can have a sentence in English like
I talk with his friend and in Spanish
the sentence would be Yu Amigo in
English understanding the adjective is
very easy because who have an adjective
that specifies who it is in this case
it's masculine in Spanish however it
would be difficult to tell if Su refers
to his her or their a tip that I can
give to not get these confused is to
always specify who is the subject within
the sentence that you're saying you can
say a sentence like I talk with Jon and
with his father and in Spanish the
sentence would
be and in this context you would know
that the adjective Su is masculine and
indicates his because JN is a masculine
name likewise you can have a sentence
like I talk with Emma and with her
mother and in Spanish the sentence would
be you Emma
and in this context we know that Su is
feminine and indicates her because Emma
is feminine at last you can have a
sentence that utilizes two adjectives
and you can pluralize them both like I
talk with my parents and with their
friends and in Spanish it would
be is pluralized because padis is a
plural noun and sus is also pluralized
because of Amigos but it mainly refers
to the adjective there because of my
parents's friends which is they friends
using the system is actually quite
useful to keep these possessive
adjectives in the back of your mind
because the sentences that you can make
with them are practical and Limitless
and once again the same principle
applies to any sentence you want to say
using these adjectives demonstra of
adjectives in Spanish are adjectives
that are used to indicate a specific
word or precisely determine what
something is in English it's very easy
to decide on these adjectives because
you have only two primary words that
determine something and these words are
this and that and if you want to
pluralize them this becomes these and
that becomes those in Spanish you have
the same concept along with a bit more
variety gender and plurality in Spanish
this would be Estee masculine and esta
feminine and that would be ESS masculine
and Essa feminine it's really tempting
to say esto or ESO because the feminine
version ends in a so you want to put an
O for the masculine adjectives however
Spanish does have these words esto and
ESO but these are adjectives that have
the neuter gender meaning that you don't
know if these adjectives refer to
something masculine or feminine roughly
80% of the time you would use these
words in sentences like kesto or keso
meaning what is this or what is that
these are simple sentences to remember
whenever you decide to speak Spanish
Additionally you could also use these
words for making sentences that have
generalizations such as this is for
everybody EST esos and the same concept
applies to ESO in any continuation that
you want to say overall you just have to
remember that Estee and are masculine
and esta Anda are feminine if you want
to pluralize them both EST and esta
become estos and estas and and Esa
become esos and esas Visually looking at
the syntax the plurality for esta and
Esa is very simple because all you do is
put an S at the end of the adjectives
but for Estee and
the ending changes to estos and esos and
that's the only tough part to remember
and also remember to not put accents on
esta and estas because if you do you
will have different words additionally
Spanish also has these words AEL and AA
both of which mean that as in something
that's over there if you want to
pluralize them AEL becomes AOS and AA
becomes AAS even though this
demonstrative adjective is used less
than the others it's actually helpful to
say in some cases but moreover it's
important to just know these words and
understand when to use them regarding
examples you you can use Estee and ESS
with masculine nouns like Estee Libro
and esta you can use ESS and Essa with
feminine nouns likeo and esaa and if you
want to pluralize any of them you would
have estos libros estas kasas esos csos
and esas mesas using these demonstrative
adjectives you can actually make many
sentences with them especially when
you're trying to determine something and
once you have enough practice you'll
find these words to be very useful and
practical you've probably heard many
phrases in Spanish used for greetings
and farewells some of which are useful
and some of which are kind of pointless
and in this video I'd like to present to
you what phrases are the best to use
when saying greetings and farewells in
Spanish bi Veno is probably the most
popular greeting there is which
literally translates as welcome if you
break the word apart you'll get bienn in
venido bienn means well and venido means
come which is a form of speech taken
from the present perfect Abed Veno to
have come and if you take that word Veno
and combine it with B you get bi Veno
it's well to have come or wellcome and
if you're referring to more than one
person you can also say bi venos buenos
Das literally translat as good days and
the ending of Buenos perfectly
corresponds to the ending of Das because
it's pluralized in masculine but mainly
speaking buenos dias is used more as
good morning rather than good days you
also have this phrase bu noes which is
literally good nights or good night when
beginning a conversation in Spanish a
person might begin the conversation by
immediately saying kapasa which
translates as what's going on because
the verb Pasar can actually mean to go
or to happen whenever somebody says
kasasa they're literally saying what's
going on or what's happening what's
happening can also be rephrased asando
using the present progressive and we
know that it's the present progressive
because it's using a conjugation of EST
and adds Ando at the end of the
infinitive and as a matter of fact it's
the same way the sentence Works in
English you can
say or maybe if you want to get fancy
you can sayal ketal literally translates
as what's such or what's the matter but
the meaning is mainly how are you and
the number one phrase that probably
everybody heard when learning Spanish is
K estas or KO estas which Lally translat
as how are you and with this phrase we
know to use the verb estar to ask
someone about their well-being because
the verb estar mainly applies to actions
and emotions that are happening right
now and so they're most likely to change
in the future by answering this question
you would say something like esto
because you're indicating that you're
feeling good or feeling well which
explains why your answer will also use a
conjugation of estar at last there's
gracias or muchas gracias which means
thanks or thank you very much and if you
want to sound polite you'll reply with
Danada which means of nothing indicating
thank you very much and there is no need
to thank me but overall denada is mainly
used as you're welcome if you're leaving
the conversation you might say something
like adios or chiao both of which mean
by or goodbye but the word adios can
actually be broken down into two words a
and dios which literally translates as
to God when Spanish was first
originating as a language the expression
to God meant to have a good farewell as
in to God you go but the meaning changed
over time which resulted simply in
goodbye there's also this phrase aista
which is constructed using a preposition
article and a noun and it literally
translates as until the view or until
the next time I see you or more of a
sophisticated and modern meaning would
be see you later see you later can also
be said as aao which actually translates
as until later you might have also seen
this phrase ASA Pronto which translates
as until soon but its Advanced
definition means see you soon and
finally hola means hello or hi po means
please and pdon is a polite way of
saying I'm sorry the verb p in Spanish
means to can or to be able to but it's
mainly used as to can in English the
syntax of this verb is very easy to
remember because can literally stays can
for the following six pronouns in
Spanish however you have six different
conjugations for this verb and it also
falls into the category of stem changing
verbs stem changing verbs in Spanish is
actually a topic for a future video but
as far as the verb ped goes stem
changing basically means that you have
to take the stem of the verb and modify
it in a way so that it sounds better
when the word is said out loud the verb
P falls into the o to U category which
means that you'll take the stem of p po
and then change it to pu however this
principle only applies to the yo to L
and AOS pronouns and the ending of all
of them correctly follows the regular
syntax of verbs ending in erer for the
noos and votos pronouns the stem
changing rule does not apply because
Spanish says that these pronouns sound
good enough when they're normally
conjugated overall you just have to know
that the stem changing rule applies to
the Y to L and AOS pronouns another way
to remember this is by looking at the
shape of the 2x3 chart and seeing that
it's shaped like a boot and so only
pronouns within the boot will apply to
the stem ch changing rule anything else
outside of the boot will not use the
stem changing Rule and every stem
changing verb that you will encounter
when learning Spanish will almost never
use the stem changing rule for the noos
and Vos pronouns the pronunciation goes
as follows y PUO I can to pues you
can
he
we can and AOS they can as always try
not focusing on these pronouns because
the phrases that you can make with them
are not that useful the only thing you
should know about them is that they
don't apply the stem changing rule
fundamentally the verb p in Spanish is
actually one of the most useful and
practical verbs that there are because
it's a universal verb that we
subconsciously use in many sentences
typically the way the verb to can is
used in English is by starting a
sentence with a pronoun and can such as
I can and then we immediately follow it
up with an infinitive in case you don't
remember an infinitive is a verb that's
placed after an already conjugated verb
that doesn't change or slightly gets
modified in this case we can say a
sentence like I can't speak span Spanish
which will use I can and then speak will
be the infinitive that's left untouched
and then you can plug in any language
you want in the end and in this sentence
alone I've used can three times we can
say a sentence like I can speak Spanish
and you can plug in any language in
Spanish I can speak Spanish would be y
ESP PUO is the correctly conjugated form
of of the yo pronoun a is the infinitive
that doesn't change form in espol is the
language at the end of course saying y
ESP doesn't actually mean that you can
speak because saying one phrase from
memorization does not indicate that
you've mastered the language in order
for you to get better you can actually
use the verb P to make many sentences
that don't necessarily have to relate to
languages if you want to say a sentence
like you can learn English you will
say if you want to say a sentence like
they can call by phone you will
say overall is probably one of the most
convenient and helpful verbs there is
not only in Spanish and English but in
other languages in general by
understanding how to conjugate pod and
knowing what phrases to use it with
you'll be able to generate any phrase
that you want almost instantly but this
of course requires a bit more practice
and examples that you can generate on
your way the verb ear in Spanish means
to go which is actually one of the
trickiest and hardest verbs to work with
but in this video I'll simplify its
principle to its most understandable way
at first there are a few rules you
should know about the verb to go in
English so that you can utilize its
principle and apply it to Spanish the
very first thing you should know about
the verb to go is that it can use the
present simple and the present
progressive which actually generates two
different meanings in context for
instance saying I go indicates that I'm
a person who likes to go in general
whereas saying I'm going means that I'm
going right now and so my action will
change in the future the reason why I'm
mentioning this is because in English
these two phrases generate completely
different meanings however because the
verb IR is irregular in Spanish it does
not have a notion of the present
progressive and therefore its principle
uses both the present simple and the
present progressive in unison and it's
something I'll cover in a few minutes
from now the second thing you should
know about the verb to go is that
there's a big difference between using
to go as to go and to go to for instance
I can say a sentence like I go there or
I'm going with my friends and these
phrases don't have the preposition to
because these are generic phrases that
Express ambiguity on the other hand I
can say phrases like I'm going to the
store or I'm going to the class which
uses the preposition two to indicate a
specific destination Additionally you
can include infinitives with the
preposition two and these sentences are
actually used way more often than the
other ones you can say phrases like I'm
going to do my homework or I'm going to
read this book which utilize the
preposition two with an infinitive which
indicates an action that will be done in
the close future overall the syntax of
to go is easy to remember in English
because go says go for five pronouns and
only adds an es s for the he she it
pronoun however learning this verb in
Spanish requires a bit more thinking and
Analysis I first the verb to go in
Spanish means ir and it's actually a
very strange an irregular verb because
it's a mono cabric verb mono cabric
verbs in Spanish basically means that
the word has only one syllable and so
the language does not allow a normal
conjugation pattern to be used with
these words if you want to conjugate a
verb in Spanish it has to end in a r e r
or I you have to drop the ending and
then add the ending that corresponds to
every pronoun similarly the same can be
done with infinitives that slightly get
modified in the present progressive such
as adding Ando if a verb ends in a r or
eendo if the verb ends in e or I because
IR is a monosyllabic verb Spanish does
not allow this verb to use any of the
following principles that I just covered
so instead it decides to use a different
modification pattern that completely
doesn't correspond with the verb e
itself and speaking of monosyllabic
verbs that follow irregular patterns
I've actually covered a verb like that
in one of my previous videos and that is
the verb s the verb s is a monic verb so
it's irregular following a conjugation
pattern that doesn't relate to the word
s itself whereas with the verb estar you
do have conjugations that follow the
normal syntax of verbs ending in a r
that drop the ending and then add the
corresponding ending to every pronoun
nonetheless the verb has the same
Principle as the verb s where its
conjugations don't relate to the verb
technically speaking it does not even
have an ending and therefore you cannot
drop its ending or add endings that
correspond to every pronoun both in the
present simple and the present
progressive which might explain why
Spanish creates a completely different
syntax for this verb the pronunciation
goes as follows yo I go to vas you go l
or a said he goes noos v We Go Vos v y
go and AOS van there you go with the
verb ear I recommend that you actually
focus on every pronoun besides Vos
because the phrases that you can make
with them will be very useful and
practical the first rule that I've
mentioned with to go in the beginning of
the video was that it can be used as I
go and I am going which creates
different meanings in context however as
I said with the verb ear Spanish doesn't
allow this verb to be used in the
present progressive which changes the
meaning of its context by making it use
the present simple and the present
progressive at the same time in other
words whenever you decide to use IR in a
sentence like saying y this phrase
simultaneously means I go and I am going
and the same principle applies to the
rest of the pronouns in English both
phrases have different meanings but in
Spanish it means the same thing which is
also part of the reason why Spanish
students struggle with this verb
whenever they learn English more than
less I am going is more of a
sophisticated way of speaking in context
so basically y voy is used more as I'm
going rather than I go and you can make
sentences like I go go there or I'm
going with my friends which in Spanish
would be Y and yig which shows that vo
stays vo in both sentences in Spanish
but in English you have I go and I am
going and the same principle applies to
the rest of the pronouns and here we get
to the last rule of ir which is
something I've mentioned at the
beginning of the video and that is the
difference between to go and to go to in
English you can have phrases like I'm
going to the store or I'm going to the
class both of which use the preposition
two to indicate a specific destination
likewise you can use the preposition two
with infinitives like I'm going to do my
homework or I'm going to read this book
which indicates an action that you will
do eventually the way that this
principle Works in Spanish is by using a
conjugation of ir like yoy and then
adding the preposition a at the end
which literally means to if you want to
say I'm going to the store or I'm going
to the class you will say y Al
or and with these sentences you're using
the preposition to to specify
destination on the other hand you can do
the same with infinitives like saying
I'm going to do my homework or I'm going
to read this book which will be your
or with these sentences you're using the
preposition to by applying it to the
verb itself and the same principle
applies to any pronouns you want to use
but keep in mind the difference between
to go and to go to if you want to say a
phrase like you're going to work you
will say to which will use the
preposition too if you want to say he
goes to my house you will
say if you want to say a sentence like
we go there with everybody you'll
say which does not use the preposition
too if you want to say a sentence like
the going to the university you will
say overall I would say that the verb is
an extremely useful verb in Spanish even
more so than and AER especially when
you're trying to communicate with people
who speak Spanish and tell them what
you're trying to do or where you go the
verb T in Spanish means to have and it's
actually a handy verb to use both in
English and Spanish but its concept is a
bit tricky to use in Spanish and in this
video I'll explain this verb as
efficiently as possible in English the
syntax of the have is easy to remember
because have stays have for five
pronouns and only changes to has in the
he she it pronoun so that it sounds
better for these pronouns like I said in
my IR video the verb T likewise has
tricky uses that are not that
complicated with ir there's a big
difference between saying to go and to
go to to go means to go somewhere in
general whereas to go to indicates that
one will do something in the near future
the verb to have both in English and
Spanish has the same concept of to have
and to have to to have indicates that
one owns or possesses something whereas
to have two demonstrates that one has to
do something in the close future for
instance I can say a sentence like I
have a dog which doesn't use the
preposition two because I literally own
something but on the other hand I can
say I have to leave which uses the
preposition two because it indicates an
action that will be done by me in the
close future with the addition of using
an infinitive leave after two and in
Spanish the verb T works the same exact
way with a bit more variety at first the
verb T is actually a stem changing verb
meaning that you have to change the stem
of the verb to make it sound better when
the word is said just like with the verb
po the St changing rule will only apply
in the two L and AOS pronouns in this
case the verb T falls into to the E to e
category meaning that you take T and
change it to T and this St will only
apply in the two L and AOS pronouns noos
and votos will not use the stem changing
rule because Spanish says that these
words sound good enough when they're
normally said the ending of all
conjugations perfectly follows the
syntax of verbs ending in e r but the
trickiest thing to remember with the
conjugations of T is that the yo pronoun
is also irregular by technicality you
would want to say yo but Spanish says
that this word sounds bad when said so
instead you would Sayo y Tango means I
have and that's the syntax of the yo
pronoun being irregular to TS you have L
he has
noos we have
Vos y'all have and AOS they have with
the verb ten I recommend that you focus
on all pronouns except votos because the
sentences that you can make with them
are very useful just like I said in the
beginning of the video there's a big
difference between using to have as to
have and to have to to have indicates
that one possesses something like I have
a dog and to have two means that said
one has to do something such as I have
to leave following an infinitive after
the preposition two both of these
sentences work the same exact way in
Spanish but there's one slight
difference that many people especially
students fail to acknowledge and that is
the preposition too you might remember
me saying that with the verb you'll need
to put the preposition a after a
conjugation of
like I'm going to the school which uses
as to with the verb you might think the
similarly use the preposition a such
as I have to leave but this would be
wrong in Spanish what you instead have
to do is instead of using the
preposition a you have to use as to
instead of saying yo you would
say which would mean I have to leave I
literally don't know why Spanish does
that but I do know that yo I have to
indicates a modern meaning like I must
rather than I have to so whenever you
say you're basically saying I have to
leave or I must leave and the same
principle applies to any pronoun you
want to use with the verb you have to
use as two in order to indicate
something something that you have to do
with the verb e you have to use the
preposition a as to in order to indicate
something that you're going to do in
English you can say I have to do my
homework or I'm going to do my homework
and in both phrases the preposition two
stays to however if you want to say
these phrases in Spanish you will say
y
or and as you can see Spanish uses as
the preposition to with the verb and as
the preposition to with the verb ear in
English it stays the same but in Spanish
it changes and the amazing and useful
part of about phrases like this is that
if you forget how to conjugate one of
these verbs you can always refer to the
other one to express the same sentence
and that's actually a very skillful hack
to remember whenever you speak Spanish
just know that if you see K after a
conjugation of it means to have to and
if you see an a after a conjugation of
it means to go to if you want to say a
sentence like you have to pay you will
say using the KE preposition if you want
to say he has a cat you will
say without adding the preposition if
you want to say we have a class tomorrow
you'll
say
if you want to say they have to read the
books you'll
say in case you want to practice with
more examples I recommend that you also
say these sentences using the verb so
that you know to use the preposition a
with and with the more you try this
concept the faster you'll get it
especially when you start generating
examples on your own so overall the verb
tet is a very useful verb in Spanish
both in terms of possession and future
actions before I end the video I would
actually like to cover one last concept
with the verb T and that's something
that's sound very practical to use but
it's something very very important to
know and that is that the verb T can
sometimes Express sentences with beings
as in to be you might remember my videos
where I talked about the verbs s and
estar both of which express permanent
and temporary states of being and while
I did those videos there was something
very specific I did not mention in both
of those videos such as expressions with
age temperature hunger and maybe a few
more as a reference consider these
phrases in English I am 19 years old I
am cold and I'm hungry if I were to tell
you to say these phrases in Spanish you
would probably say something like y d an
y EST and EST and that's if you used and
EST correctly some of you might make
arguments that using and EST is the
right way to go because by
saying I'm factually stating this about
myself which is why is used and for
phrases like EST or esto amre I'm using
AAR because I'm indicating that I'm
feeling cold or hungry right now and my
feeling will change in the future as
crazy as it sounds Spanish says that you
cannot use the verbs s and estar because
these are expressions that indicate
having a fact about oneself rather than
actually being that one self instead of
using soy or esto with these Expressions
you will need to use and in this case yo
instead of saying EST anos you'll say
Tango DS anos because actually I'm
indicating that I have the age of 19
rather than me being 19 by saying tangoo
or Tango amre I'm indicating that I have
a feeling of cold and I have a feeling
of hunger these Expressions technically
are not permanent nor temporary which
doesn't allow you to use the verb said
or EST so instead you have these
feelings rather than being being in
these feelings of course tet uses other
feelings like these ones but they're not
as important as the other ones in
conversation and the same concept
applies to any pronouns you want to use
Spanish has two types of prepositional
phrases that when combined eliminate
repetition of sound and that is Al and
Del Al is a combination of the words A
and L meaning to the masculine and Del
is comprised from the and L meaning from
the or of the masculine Spanish combines
these words to eliminate the Redundant
sound of the same vowel when they're
said saying a sounds a bit weird so
Spanish combines the words and forms the
word Al and that's the same thing with
Del because saying is redundant Al and
can be used both in context when you're
only using the masculine definite
article in case you want to use the
feminine definite article La you don't
have to combine the words together so
you'll simply say Allah or de as an
example you can say a sentence like I
want to go to the bathroom and in
Spanish it would
be but because Bo is a masculine word
Spanish has to combine the preposition
two with the masculine article so you
get
Al I want to go to the bathroom if you
were to instead use a feminine word like
you would simply
say without needing to combine the
preposition with the article likewise
the same method can be used with Del if
you want to say from thee or of thee for
instance you can say he is from the
market which would be LS and he is from
the class would simply be LS de if you
want to use as of the it would be useful
to use it in a question like what do you
suppose of the market and in Spanish it
would
be and of course the same concept
applies to any sentence you want to say
in Spanish but keep in mind that
whenever you say to the or of thee you
simply have to combine the words so that
they sound better when they're said Al
and now there are pronouns after
prepositions which are also known as
prepositional pronouns and they're put
after prepositional words such as of on
from to for with and more and in English
they look like this me you him her it us
all of you and them in English there is
no pattern to follow with any of these
pronouns because some of them completely
change while some stay the same such as
you keeping the same form as the regular
pronoun you contextually you can use
these prepositional pronouns and put
them after prepositions like what about
me this is on you this is from him take
it to her this is for us we go with them
and of course you don't necessarily have
to use these phrases in Spanish however
the same idea also works for
prepositional pronouns and actually
their syntax is a lot easier to
understand in Spanish in Spanish you
have me with an accent t l or a noos Vos
and AOS or just by looking at the syntax
you probably find it very strange that
the he we y'all and they pronouns
haven't changed because when compared to
their normal pronoun form they stayed
the same because Spanish decided to not
change their form and keep their form as
their regular pronoun form aside from me
and you and telling the difference
between pronouns and prepositional
pronouns in Spanish can be done by
simply looking if the word is after a
preposition you can have a simple
sentence like this is for us and in
Spanish the phrase would be EST es noos
and as you can see noos is placed after
the preposition para keeping its form
and not changing unlike English which
uses us and completely changes the form
whereas in Spanish it stays the same and
simpler to understand nonetheless you
can sometimes have sentences when you'll
have the same pronoun and prepositional
pronoun like they go with them which
would be AOS Vanos and at first looking
at this phrase is very weird because we
have the word AOS not changing form but
actually AOS in the beginning is they
and AOS in the end is them because it's
place after the preposition with but
once again these are just the rules of
Spanish and you can make many more
examples like life is easy for
her or you can go with
us or you can have a tricky example like
this gift is from him EST is with the
ending being not to be confused with
like I said in the beginning of the
video Del is of the or from the
masculine which uses the definite
article L but the L means from him
because L doesn't change in Spanish when
it's used as a prepositional pronoun
even though it's a rare instance you can
still encounter these things when you
learn Spanish at last there's one rule
that you have to remember with the
prepositional pronouns in Spanish
specifically relating to the preposition
con which is with it's the only
preposition in Spanish where if you
place these prepositional pronouns after
K they will keep their form but with me
and T you have to combine K with the
pronouns which would be kigo and kigo so
whenever you use prepositional pronouns
with K like do you want to go with me
you will
sayig and you can reply with yes I do
want to go with you
see and in case you use the other
prepositions with K you don't have to
modify them as you do with me and T and
that's as far as pronouns after
prepositions go direct object pronouns
in Spanish are pronouns that take the
form of a direct object within a
sentence in order to avoid repeating a
noun in the sentence as an example take
a look at this sentence in English I buy
a car I is the subject buy is the verb
and car is the object that's directly
stated in the sentence however most of
the time we change the object from a
noun to a pronoun whenever we speak
instead of saying I buy a car we can say
I buy it and now it becomes a direct
object pronoun rather than a direct
object noun and you have to remember
that a direct object pronoun is one of a
sentence has only one direct object
typically coming right after a
conjugative verb in English the phrase I
buy a car has a subject a verb and only
one direct object that's a noun the
phrase I by it likewise has a subject a
verb and one object that's a pronoun and
this is where you get the name direct
object pronoun and that's basically how
direct object pronouns work in English
but the most important rule to remember
is that a sentence has to have only one
direct object typically following a verb
in English regardless if it's singular
or plural and these direct object
pronouns look like this in English me
you him her it us all of you and them in
Spanish direct object pronouns work the
same exact way with a bit more variety
and they all share one rule that has to
be applied most of the time and that is
direct object pronouns in Spanish have
to come before a verb rather than after
a verb in Spanish direct object pronouns
look like
this or La no and or the first thing you
should know about these pronouns is that
the lo la Los and L pronouns are the
only pronouns that have gender and
plurality while the other pronoun nouns
May refer to me you us and all of you lo
la Los and L can also mean it or them as
an object or a person Lo can mean him or
it masculine La can mean her or it
feminine Los can mean them masculine as
in an object or a person and last can
mean them feminine object or person once
again you have to remember that these
pronouns come before a conjugative verb
consider this phrase in Spanish y i buy
a car in English if you want to replace
the object noun with an object pronoun
you would say I buy it putting the it
after by in Spanish however you cannot
do that so instead you put the object
pronoun before the conjugative verb in
this case considering that cooch is a
masculine word we need to use lo as the
pronoun you would want to say y but
Spanish says that you have to put this
pronoun before the verb so instead you
will say yo I buy it I don't know why
Spanish does that but it's something
that has to be known and of course you
can generate many more examples in
Spanish and I even recommend that you do
so because direct object pronouns in
Spanish is a topic that I've personally
seen many students struggle with you can
have phrases like I want the books yier
Los libros with los libros being them
masculine and you can instead say I want
them which in Spanish would be y you can
also say something like they have a
house but you can instead say they have
it which would be AOS you can have
simpler sentences like I love you which
uses a pronoun immediately without
needing to modify a noun for a pronoun
so the sentence would simply be I love
you you can repeat this concept with
another pronoun that doesn't to get
modified like NOS you can say you watch
us which would be to no me us and the
same concept can basically be applied to
any sentence you want to say however
there are more things you should know
about direct object pronouns
specifically relating to people and
using pronouns like him and her you can
have a sentence like she watches John
and you would want to say a but Spanish
says that whenever you have a connection
with a person you have to put a personal
preposition a before the person's name
so you would simply say a a she watches
John there is no English equivalent for
this construction but you can instead
say she watches him which would be a and
the same concept applies to any sentence
you want to say but keep in mind the
personal preposition a before you say a
person's name the last concept you
should know with direct object pronouns
in Spanish is that all of these pronouns
can also be placed after infinitives
which actually makes your thinking
process think a bit better and more
similar to English than to anything else
take this phrase for instance I can see
you in Spanish you would want to
say and this sentence actually has no
mistakes however there's a different way
to say this phrase and that is by
attaching the direct object pronoun to
the INF you can say but you can also
say I can see you it doesn't matter
which phrase you say because in case you
forget how to say one phrase you can
always say the other you can have
examples like they want to buy the
books lios with los libros being the
masculine pronoun which would
be
or you can also use direct object
pronouns when speaking in the near
future such as I'm going to read it or I
have to read it which can be said as Yol
and Yol or or if you want to simplify
the order of the words you can
say or however whenever you decide to
attach a direct object pronoun to an
infinitive you have to remember that
there are infinitives that don't change
form like in these phrases but you can
sometimes have infinitives that do get
modified in the present progressive you
can say a sentence like you're watching
me which can be said
as
or and both phrases have the same
meaning but with the second phrase you
have to put an accent on the infinitive
to maintain the emphasis on that
syllable to EST and you can say other
phrases like they are reading
it
or with an accent on the infinitive
overall you have to remember that you
cannot attach direct object pronouns to
conjugated verbs only to infinitives you
cannot say something like y i buy it
because you have only one verb in the
sentence and the direct object pronoun
is placed after the verb but you can
instead
say I'm going to buy it
or I'm buying it because in these cases
you're using one conjugative verb and
one infinitive and the the direct object
pronoun is attached to the infinitive
not the conjugated verb and the same
concept applies to any sentence you want
to say and actually I recommend many
beginners to use direct object pronouns
by attaching them to the end of
infinitives because it makes your brain
think in the same order of the words as
you would use in English you don't say
in English I it am
buying but you instead say I am buying
it and the same concept basically
applies to any sentence you want to say
indirect object pronouns in Spanish are
pronouns that take the form of an object
noun in order to avoid repeating the
same noun in my previous video I
explained direct object pronouns in
Spanish and I explained that a direct
object pronoun is when a sentence has
only one direct object typically coming
right after a conjugated verb in English
an indirect object pronoun is actually
quite different and that is when a
sentence has two objects with the first
object being a direct object and the
second object being an indirect object
take a look at this sentence in English
I buy a car for you I is the subject buy
is the verb car is a direct object noun
because it comes first in the sentence
and U is the indirect object pronoun
because it comes second in in the
sentence in this video I will only cover
indirect objects in pronoun form because
I already explained direct object
pronouns in my previous video direct
objects are objects that are first
stated in a sentence and indirect
objects are objects that come second in
a sentence and in this video all direct
objects will be in the form of a noun
not a pronoun and therefore I will only
cover indirect objects in pronoun form
in Spanish they look like this me which
is me te which is you Le and this
pronoun can simultaneously mean to him
or to her or a person's name and I'll
get to that in a bit NOS which is US o
which is all of you and Les which is
them as you can probably tell from
looking at the chart the me you us and
all of you pronouns have the same syntax
as direct object pronouns which makes
the language more convenient however
this is where we have less for them as
in people and Le which can mean to him
or to her in a person's name and it's a
tricky concept to understand but I'll
explain it as easily as possible looking
back at this phrase I buy a car for you
car is the direct object noun and you is
the indirect object that's already in
pronoun form saying the sentence in
Spanish can be done using multiple ways
but the essential point of the video is
indirect object pronouns we can hack the
system by simply
saying using a prepositional pronoun and
while that saves us time we need to
understand how indirect object pronouns
work just like with direct object
pronouns indirect object pronouns
likewise come before conjugated verbs
and not after them so saying the
sentence in Spanish would simply
be I buy you a car or I buy a car for
you with the indirect object pronoun
acting as for you and the same idea
basically applies to the rest of the
pronouns but there are more things you
should know about indirect object
pronouns in Spanish such as the pronoun
le le can simultaneously mean to or for
him or to or for her or a person's name
and in order to specify who you're
talking about you'll need to put the
prepositional structure a plus a pronoun
like a or a which mean to or for him or
her consider the sentence in English she
buys a car for him car is a direct
object noun while him is the indirect
object pronoun and as you can see we
have to use the pronoun Le for him and
in Spanish the phrase would
be and because we have a visual
translation of him in English we know
that LE means him however what if we
don't have the phrase in English saying
this phrase in
Spanish we would know that the phrase
means she buys a car for but we don't
know who the person is because Le can
mean him her or person's name but Le
doesn't specify it and this is where
Spanish comes in and says to use the
construction a and then a pronoun in
this case L this construction can
actually be applied to any pronoun but
more than less it's mainly used for the
pronoun Le because it's the only pronoun
that isn't specific enough while we know
that me is me te is you and so on Le can
mean him or her and we have to specify
who it is with the construction a this
construction has to be placed either in
the beginning of a sentence or in the
end looking at this phrase she buys a
car for him in Spanish the phrase would
be
or it doesn't matter which phrase you
say but I recommend making sentences
using the second phrase because it's
similar to the order of the words in
English might visually be translated as
she him buys a car for him and in
English it doesn't make sense to say
this phrase because the language is
specific enough with the pronouns but in
Spanish it makes sense because the
pronoun isn't specific enough so the
sentence would simply be she buys a car
for him or she buys him a car while the
easy pronouns may be me you us and all
of you I would like to focus on Le for a
bit because like I said this pronoun can
mean him her or a person's name and
here's what I mean the phrase she buys a
car for him can also be said as she buys
a car for John with Jon being an
indirect object noun which still works
putting this phrase in Spanish is no
different than simply saying she buys a
car for him but the only difference is
that instead of saying we need to
say just to specify who the person is if
we say she buys a car for her we can
say if we say she buys a car for Emma
then we can say
just to specify who the person is and
that's basically the toughest part to
know with indirect object pronouns in
Spanish because I've seen many students
failing to understand what Le means and
why every sentence has the construction
a with a pronoun and the last thing to
note with indirect object pronouns in
Spanish is that these pronouns can
likewise be applied to infinitives the
same exact way that direct object
pronouns work and I'll actually provide
more examples in this video because
indirect object pronouns are a tricky
category in Spanish how would you say
this phrase in Spanish he wants to buy
you a book you can say l
or if you said any of these phrases then
you did a good job how would you say she
can give the papers to us you can
say
or how would you say I teach the concept
to
them how would you say you write a
letter to her you can
say
or
using the present progressive now and
remembering that you have to put accents
on infinitives how would you say I am
reading the book for them
y
or with an accent on the infinitive how
would you say we are telling the truth
to you you can
say
or with an accent on the infinitive and
the last one which can be said in
multiple ways how would you say she is
giving the money to him here are all the
constructions for this
phrase with an accent on the
infinitive
or with an accent on the infinitive even
though it's a long example this is how
indirect object pronouns work in Spanish
and it doesn't matter which phrase you
say because all of them express the same
meaning and in case you get confused you
can always go back to the basics and say
any phrase you want because people will
still understand you my goal is to not
confuse you but to show show you that
there are multiple answers to any
question and that there are multiple
ways to answer any question it doesn't
always have to be one answer and one
answer only with the examples that I
gave in the video I tried my best at
showing you all the possibilities that
you can use with any sentence you want
to say and in case you got all of them
right then you did a really good job at
finding other ways to find different
answers in my two previous videos I
explained the concept behind direct and
indirect object pronouns and how they
apply separately direct object pronouns
is when a sentence has only one direct
object that can be replaced with a
pronoun not to repeat its form of a noun
instead of saying I buy a car I can say
I buy it with it being a direct object
pronoun indirect object pronouns is when
a sentence has two objects with the
first being a direct object and the
second being an indirect object an
indirect object pronoun is when an
indirect object noun is put into pronoun
form to not repeat itself instead of
saying I buy a car for John I can say I
buy a car for him with him being the
indirect object pronoun while I talked
about both Concepts separately in this
video I will show how to combine both
types of pronouns in one sentence and
this concept is actually easier than
people think in case you don't remember
remember here's what the Spanish
pronouns look like they both share the
same Syntax for me you us and all of you
but change in the he and they pronouns
lo la Los and L mean it or them as
something masculine or feminine while Le
and Les mean he or she and them as a
person combining both pronouns in one
sentence is actually not that hard but
there are a few rules to note with both
pronouns whenever you decide to use them
the first rule is that if you're using a
direct object pronoun and an indirect
object pronoun in one sentence the
indirect object pronoun has to come
first in the sentence and as always both
pronouns come before a conjugated verb
in a sentence take a look at this phrase
in English I buy a car for you car is a
direct object noun you is an indirect
object already in pronoun form and so
the phrase in Spanish would
be this sentence both in English and
Spanish can be said using both types of
pronouns and instead of saying I buy a
car for you we can say I buy you it
saying this phrase in Spanish is
actually not that hard because you have
to remember to put both pronouns before
a conjugative verb with the indirect
object pronoun coming first in Spanish
the phrase would simply
be with being the indirect object
pronoun you and lo being a direct object
pronoun that's a masculine it the
sentence can also be rephrased using the
present progressive such as I am buying
you it and this is where the second rule
comes in allowing both pronouns in
Spanish to be attached to infinitives we
can
say
or with the indirect object pronoun
coming first after the infinitive and
with an accent on the
infinitive however considering that com
is an infinitive that changes form it
has to have an accent regardless if
you're using a direct or indirect object
pronoun or both sometimes you can have
infinitives that don't change like in
the
phrase I can buy it which puts L with
and as you can see no accent is needed
here because you're using an infinitive
that doesn't change and the emphasis on
the syllable doesn't go away however the
third rule is that when you use both
types of pronouns you must put an accent
on both types of infinitives such as
saying I am buying you it or I can buy
you it which in Spanish would
be
and if you decide to attach both
pronouns to infinitives then you have to
remember to put accents on them to keep
their sound if you decide to put the
pronouns before a conjugative verb then
no accent is needed here are some
examples how would you say the phrase
she gives me it in Spanish with it being
masculine with me being the indirect
object and lo being a direct object now
how would you say she is giving me it
you can
say or if you want to attach the
pronouns to infinitive you can
say with an accent on the infinitive how
would you say the phrase you are showing
us it with it being feminine you can
say
or with an accent on the infinitive how
would you say the phrase they want to
present them to you with them being
masculine you can
say
oros with an accent on the infinitive
the more you try this concept the faster
you'll get it and hopefully I'm doing a
good job for presenting these
explanations because now there's one
last rule you need to know with both
types of pronouns also known as double
object pronouns and that is whenever you
decide to use two specific types of them
you'll need to modify one of them to
avoid repetition here's what I mean take
a look at this sentence she makes it for
him with it being masculine how would
you say this phrase in Spanish
considering that you know the rules for
indirect object pronouns instinctively
you would probably say something
like or if you want to you can put a at
the beginning of the sentence by
technicality this sentence would be
right if it wasn't for spanish's rule
for double object pronouns and that is
if you're using two pronouns with the
letter L you have to change the indirect
object pronoun to say to avoid repeating
the same letter instead of
saying you need to
say and you need to keep the part in the
sentence because we wouldn't know who
the pronoun refers to without it this
concept can also be replicated using an
infinitive such as she wants to make it
for him which can be said
as
or with an Accent on the infinitive and
with a l in the sentence the trickiest
thing to remember with this rule is that
you cannot use two pronouns with the
letter L and therefore this limits our
observation when it comes down to both
types of pronouns if the rule says we
cannot use two pronouns with the letter
L this means that the rule can only be
applied whenever we use Le Les with lo
la Los or L being him her them combined
with it or them the only combination we
can have with two pronouns beginning
with the letter L is whenever we use Le
or Les with lo la Los or and only in
these cases does le and Les change into
say so overall you have to change the
indirect object pronoun to say to avoid
repeating the same letter which
limitedly means that whenever you're
using Le or Les plus lo la Los or L Le
and Les inevitably both turn into SE so
at the end you wouldn't know who SE
refers to without using the construction
a plus a pronoun with indirect object
pronouns Le can mean to him or to her so
we need to use the construction a or a
to be more specific the pronoun Les is
actually already specific enough so we
don't need to use this construction
however with double object pronouns
because Le and Les both begin with the
letter L both of them turn into the word
say and therefore using the pronoun say
with double object pronouns can
simultaneously mean to him or to her or
to them so we need to specify it with a
a AOS or AAS and that's really the
difficult part to remember whenever used
to pronouns with the letter L hopefully
this will make sense to you here are
some examples of double object pronouns
using two pronouns with the letter L how
would you say the phrase she writes it
to him you would
say and you would include to specify who
it is because say can mean to him her or
them here's another example with the
same sentence how would you say she
writes it to
her hopefully that wasn't too difficult
how would you say she writes it to
themos with AOS being them masculine if
you want to you can change AOS to AOS
for them feminine here's another example
example how would you say you read it to
them with AOS applying to them how would
you say you read them to them to
sayos with AOS being to them and los
being them as the object you read here
are some final examples with infinitives
how would you say I am buying it to them
you can
say
or with an accent on the infinitive if
you wanted to you could have put the AOS
part at the beginning of the sentence
how would you say the phrase I can do it
to him you can
say
or with an accent on the infinitive and
notice how in both phrases refers to him
because it's an indirect object pronoun
that only changes to say because we
cannot have two pronouns with a letter L
I really hope that this video showed you
some good examples and explain how to
combine both types of pronouns together
and in case you're still confused you
can always go back and try to understand
the concept your way with more practice
double object pronouns would eventually
become an easy topic for you you've
probably seen many people explain the
verb gustar in Spanish by saying that
this verb means to like as in mea and
mea can which means I like to dance and
I like to sing I however do not like
these explanations because they tend to
confuse people rather than make them
understand the subject matter properly
in sentences like I like to dance and I
like to sing what I recommend doing is
instead of using the construction
megusta which visually doesn't make
sense you can use the verb Amar which
means to love instead of thinking of how
to use gustar in English and instead of
saying I like to dance or to sing you
can simply say y Amo and Y Amo which
would be I love to dance or to sing and
this method is actually quite effective
because most of the time that's how we
use these verbs and it also makes your
brain think in terms of the order of the
words in English unlike many people who
explain gustar as to like I want to give
gustar a different definition as in it
pleases or they please the verb gustar
is actually a very strange verb in
Spanish because it has a very unusual
conjugation pattern that doesn't follow
the normal pattern with normal ar verbs
gustar has only two two types of
conjugations which are gusta and gustan
and they mainly come from the English
verb to please in English the syntax of
to please stays the same for five
pronouns and only changes in the he she
it pronoun to connect gustar more with
English concentrate on the bottom
pronouns for a bit specifically on the
pronouns it pleases and they please the
reason why I've mentioned this is
because this is how systematically
gustar Works in Spanish and that's the
closest connection I can give it in
English you might have heard some
teachers say that gustar also refers to
somebody being pleased by something and
this is actually a definition that's
more more accurate and I'll get to that
in a bit is considered to be an
irregular verb not only because it has
two conjugations but also because it
doesn't use normal pronouns like Y noos
and so on but rather it uses indirect
object pronouns to specify who is being
pleased by what putting the pronouns
before a conjugated verb and therefore
the only sentences that you can have
with gust are
mea and we have to remember to use the
construction or to specify who Le refers
to and basically the list goes on the
reason why Spanish uses this
Construction with gust is because it
specifies who is being pleased by what
by putting the indirect object pronoun
before a conjugated verb looking at this
phrase mea one might say expressively
that it means I like but visually
looking at this phrase it doesn't make
sense for this phrase to be that because
me means me and it's not a normal
pronoun in English whenever we say I
like we use the normal pronoun I and
like is the syntax that applies to the
noun and not the continuation after it
with the verb gustar the conjugation
gusta applies to the thing being pleased
and not the pronoun as in it pleas
pleases me mea or they please me mean
overall gustar doesn't necessarily mean
to like something but it means to be
pleased by something with gusta
referring to it pleases and gustan
referring to they please and from there
we simply have to choose any indirect
object pronoun that we want to use in
Spanish it makes sense but in English
it's a tricky topic to explain because
English doesn't have a notion of this
I'm just using this comparison to
visually show gustar as closely as I can
in English nonetheless whenever we say
megusta or mean we're not necessarily
saying I like but rather we're saying it
pleases me or they please me and we know
to use pleases with it and please with
they because it's the syntax in English
gusta refers to it pleases plus any
pronoun you want and gustan refers to
they please plus any pronoun you want
the phrase mea B doesn't necessarily
mean I like to dance but rather it
pleases me to dance which is a
translation that's far more logical in
English then I like to dance if I say
I'm saying it pleases you to sing which
doesn't automat ially mean you like the
sing gusta in both cases refers to the
infinitive because the indirect object
pronoun is being pleased by the
infinitive and therefore gusta will
always refer to it just like in English
pleases refers to it and please refers
to they we don't say in English it
please or they pleases we quite
literally say the opposite and that's
exactly how gustar Works in Spanish if
we say a sentence like mean Gatos then
we're using gustan because the
continuation is a noun that's plural and
if we put this phrase in English we
would have they please me but because we
have cats as the noun we would say cats
please me and so the phrase doesn't
really mean I like cats but rather cats
please me however what if we have a
sentence like mea B in this case some
people might think to use gustan because
the continuation is plural but actually
this sentence can be broken down into
two separate phrases like megusta B and
mea which shows that we don't need to
use gustan because nothing is plural
it's the same thing as saying it pleases
me to dance and to sing which can be
said as one phrase in English or be
broken down separately which still
doesn't change the it pleases part
overall the same concept basically
applies to any pronoun you want to say
along with any continuation that you
want to use and here are some examples
saying
Meo would literally mean it pleases me
to speak with you but if we want to use
gustan we can say something like
meas and in this case we would use
gustan because the sentence would be
your words please me with the word
please in the sentence saying a sentence
likea would literally mean the house
pleases you with the house being it
which pleases you saying a sentence like
who got football would literally mean it
pleases him to play football with him
being the construction a because we have
to remember that we don't know who Le
refers to without this construction we
can also say something like no gusta
which would be it pleases us to speak
Spanish and we can also say is which
would be it pleases them to listen to
music you can say any sentence you want
using the verb gust but as I said at the
beginning of the video instead of saying
phrases like mea B we can say yo Amo B
which would mean I love to dance rather
than I like to dance or it pleases me to
dance and the same idea applies to any
pronoun you want to use in this video I
wanted to show you how the verb gustar
Works in Spanish so that you can
understand how the verb Works in English
rather than explain gustar as to like I
decided to give a different perspective
on this verb to show how it's closely
related to English so this video was
more of a logical presentation of how
gustar looks like in English sometimes
there are Concepts that are more
practical to Know Than to use and I
would say that gustar falls into this
category Spanish has many verbs some of
which are normal across all pronouns and
some some of which are not so normal
called irregular yo verbs while you may
encounter regular verbs like K the
syntax of K across all pronouns follows
the standard conjugation pattern of
verbs ending in e r such as o s a and so
on however sometimes in Spanish you'll
encounter verbs that follow this pattern
across all pronouns except in the yo
pronoun and while these verbs follow the
normal syntax of every other pronoun
they do not follow the pattern for the
yo pronoun because Spanish says that
these conjugations don't sound good
enough when the word is said there are
useful verbs like Sal which means to
leave and while the verb follows the
normal syntax of verbs ending in IR it
doesn't do so with the yo pronoun you
would want to say yo but Spanish says
that this word sounds bad so instead you
would say yo salgo ending the pronoun
with go which is actually a common
ending for irregular verbs in the yo
pronoun some of which I covered in my
previous videos like a and ten a follows
the normal pattern across all pronouns
but changes to AO in the yo pronoun so
that it sounds better when said t does
the same thing with yo but it's also a
stem changing verb across some pronouns
but the topic of stem changing verbs is
for the video after this one you might
also encounter irregular verbs in the O
pronoun like conduc and truc in both
cases the verbs follow the normal
pattern of conjugating verbs ending in
IR but for the yo pronoun you would want
to say Yoo or yo but Spanish says that
these words sound bad one said so it
adds an extra letter to avoid the bad
sound and so the conjugations would end
in SK pronounce Yus and yuso which would
mean I drive and I translate you might
also encounter this verb Dar which means
to give and while it follows the noral
pattern of conjugating verbs ending in a
r the conjugation for the yo pronoun is
not yo but yo which is sort of similar
to y soy with the verb said and Y EST
with the verb at last there's also the
verb ver which means to see and while
its conjugations perfectly correspond to
all pronouns the Y pronoun is not y but
rather Y which means I see when using
verbs
like and ver you have to remember that
these verbs follow the normal syntax
across all of their pronouns except in
the yo pronoun which which therefore
makes the verbs irregular yo verbs and
actually these verbs would be practical
to use whenever you decide to speak
Spanish but just remember to utilize the
yo pronoun properly with them there are
more types of irregular yo verbs like
P and and while these verbs follow
different patterns for the Y pronoun I
recommend knowing these verbs rather
than using them because generally
speaking they're not that useful in
conversation for instance p and suon
follow the common go ending in the yo
pronoun while maintaining the normal
syntax across the rest of the pronouns
protet is an inter in verb because it's
actually the only verb in Spanish that
follows an irregular ho ending for the
yo pronoun while still maintaining the
normal conjugation pattern at last you
can have a verb like trer which follows
the normal pattern of verbs ending in
eer but in the yo pronoun it has the
ending Trio and actually this ending is
done on purpose not to confuse it with
tago which in Spanish comes from the
word tragar which means to swallow suck
down or eat crap and actually it's one
of the most offensive verbs that there
is so it's best to not mention it
overall you just have to know that with
verbs like these you have to slightly
modify the your pronoun across all verbs
so that the word sounds uniform when
said and at that point you can basically
say any sentence you want using these
verbs stem changing verbs in Spanish are
verbs that change their beginning prefix
or stem to generate a better sound when
the words are said in Spanish there are
four types of stem changing verbs and in
the video I will not explain all stem
changing verbs that exist in Spanish but
rather present a useful verb in each
category so that you can understand how
stem changing Works in Spanish and then
apply to any other verb that you want in
that category the four main types of
same- changing verbs in Spanish are e to
E e to e o to u e and U to u e
considering e to e e as the first
category of stem changing verbs in
Spanish I actually already covered a
verb like that in one of my previous
videos and that is the verb ten however
for the sake of learning let's use a
different useful verb like empar which
means to start or to begin at first the
stem changing rule will only apply in
the yo to L and AOS pronouns and will
not apply in the noos and votos pronouns
you would want to say something like yo
and peso but Spanish say that this word
sounds bad one said so instead you have
to slightly modify the stem of the verb
from empo to Yo which means I start and
the stem changing concept applies to the
rest of the pronouns aside from noos and
Vos to msas you start LSA he starts
no we
start start and they start as always try
not focusing on these pronouns because
they're not that useful in conversation
and like I said at the beginning of the
video it's important to know how stem
changing work in Spanish but it's not
important to know every single stem
changing verb like Nar which changes
from E to e if you see a modified verb
that goes from E to e chances are that
it's stem changing next up there are
verbs that change their stem from E to e
like the which is a useful verb meaning
to say the SE is actually considered to
be irregular in the yo pronoun with the
construction Yodo but as far as the rest
of the pronouns go the SE still applies
it stem changing rule for two L and AOS
you would want to say two Des but
Spanish says that this verb sounds bad
when said so instead you have to say to
D which means you say El he says
noos we sayos deis y say and AOS desent
they say try not focusing on these
pronouns because they're not that useful
in conversation but in case you see any
other verb that changes from E to e
chances are it's time changing next up
there are verbs that change from o to U
and I actually covered a useful verb
like that in one of my previous videos
which is p but for the sake of learning
let's use a different useful verb like
record which which means to remember
instead of saying yo you need to Sayo
which sounds better when said and the
same concept applies to the rest of the
pronouns toas you remember El he
remembers we
remember y'all remember and AOS they
remember try not focusing on these
pronouns because they're not that useful
in conversation but if you see a verb
with u in it chances are it's stem
changing and finally there's one last
type of a stem changing verb in Spanish
and as far as I know it's the only verb
in Spanish that changes from U to U and
that is the verb hug which means to play
instead of saying Yugo you need to say
yo and one thing to note about both of
these words is that the word Hugo on its
own actually means juice and so it makes
sense why it needs to be modified so
that it's not confused with this word
however the word huego on its own can
also mean game as in video huego which
means video game but the wordo itself
changes its meaning in context and with
the verb hugar the stem changing rule
will only apply for the yo to El and AOS
pronouns toas you play El he
plays we play Vos H y'all play and AOS
huan they play try not focusing on these
pronouns because like I say all the time
they're not useful in conversation what
you should have known from this video is
how to systematically modify stem
changing verbs in Spanish so that you
can understand how words sound better
when they're said out loud of course
learning all stem changing verbs in
Spanish is completely redundant but it's
very useful to understand how every type
of stem changing verb works in Spanish
the verb sa in Spanish means to know but
it's not used the same way as it's used
in English in English we use the verb to
know in many different ways including
knowing factual information how to do
something and knowing people places and
things in general Spanish however
encompasses only some of the things I've
listed and so the language creates two
verbs for the verb to know and in this
video I will only cover the verb sa
rather than explain the verb how most
teachers explain it I would like to give
it a different definition by saying that
the verb means to know how to do
something or knowing factual information
and it actually has the same concept as
the verb said which means to be the
syntax of sa follows the normal
conjugation pattern for verbs ending in
e r but is actually irregular in the yo
pronoun yo say means I know and make
sure to put an accent on say because
without the accent you will have an
indirect object pronoun that will have
multiple definitions that have to do
with oneself toes means you know how to
do something which is factual El he
knows how to do something
noos we know Vos Sab yall know and AOS
sain they know try not concentrate on
these pronouns because they're not that
useful in conversation but like I said
at the beginning the verb sa refers to
factually knowing something part of
which includes actions which are
factually known the best way that I can
explain sabed without any confusion is
through the verb said said means to be
as in having factual traits about
oneself and so the same idea works for
the verb because it refers to factually
knowing information for instance if I
say a sentence
like I'm factually saying that I know
how to speak Spanish because it's a
language that I've mastered over time
and now I know how to speak it just just
like with the verb said you cannot
change any factual traits about oneself
the same way you cannot forget the
factual information you know or know how
to do if I say a sentence like
to I'm saying that you factually know
the time because time is something
factual to know and you cannot change
that fact if I say a sentence
like I'm saying that he factually knows
how to swim meaning that he cannot
change that fact about swimming he knows
how to swim and will not forget anything
and with examples that involve factually
knowing how to do something
like to too
and Spanish actually has a convenient
way of putting phrases together so that
they don't repeat unnecessary words by
eliminating the word Koo from the
sentence visually looking at the phrases
in English and putting them in Spanish I
know how to speak Spanish you know how
to play the piano and he knows how to
cook well you don't need to add the
adverb KO within the sentences the
reason why Spanish does that is to
eliminate repetition of words because
when you think about it saying a phrase
like I know to speak Spanish sounds sort
of understandable on its own without the
need of the word that specif the action
so just simply remember that you won't
need the adverb KO in Spanish because
the act of knowing how to do something
is already clear enough in Spanish
overall the verb sa applies to knowing
factual information and factually
knowing how to do something and it's
actually a very essential verb in
Spanish allowing you to understand how
to navigate your way around forms of
speech once you have understood how to
work with this verb understanding the
verb after Saar will be a lot easier
because normally educators will teach
both verbs at once which generally
causes confusion between students and so
the verb koser is for the video after
this one the verb koser in Spanish means
to be familiar with or be acquainted
with people places and things in general
unlike the verb sa which means to know
something factually or do something the
verb konos tends to lean more towards
acquaintances of ideas rather than
knowing ideas and if you think about it
there's a big difference between knowing
something from top to bottom and knowing
something that isn't fully clear which
is the reason why Spanish creates two
verbs for to know because one verb means
to know something factually and
completely whereas the other indicates
being acquainted with something rather
than fully knowing what it is the syntax
of Kos follows the normal conjugation
path or verbs ending in e r aside from
the yo pronoun which is irregular
following the ending like I said at the
beginning konos means more being
familiar with people places and things
in general rather than knowing something
factually therefore yosco means
unfamiliar with a person place or thing
rather than me knowing something
factually because being familiar with a
person place or thing doesn't
necessarily mean that I know it from top
to bottom two koses means you're
familiar with El means he's familiar
with
noos we're familiar with Kos y'all are
familiar with and AOS Kosen they're
familiar with as always try not focusing
on these pronouns because they're not
that useful in conversation overall the
verb konos is actually considered to be
a very useful verb in Spanish because it
helps to differentiate the qualities of
knowing something factually and being
familiar with a person place or thing
which is sort of the same way the verbs
s and estar work konos as a matter of
fact is very useful when it comes down
to asking questions and it actually uses
direct object pronouns to replace people
places and things which could all be
nouns for instance if I ask you Kos Las
Vegas I'm not necessarily asking you if
you know the city of Las Vegas but
rather if you're familiar with the city
of Las Vegas and you can reply with
something
like or if you want to use a direct
object pronoun you can simply
sayos the reason why the verb sa cannot
be used here is because by saying lasas
the verb sa would have to imply that you
know the city of Las Vegas from top to
bottom including the people streets food
and everything in general which would be
impossible to know ultimately resulting
in an incorrect use of sa which is why
Spanish calls the term koser being
familiar with rather than fully knowing
the person place or thing there are more
examples that you can make with Kos like
asking about people koses meaning are
you familiar with JN and as you can see
Spanish decides to use the personal
preposition a when it comes down to
being familiar with people but in this
case you can just consider the
preposition to be the equivalent of the
preposition with in English so whenever
you refer to people in general you
always have to include the personal a
and with the sentence koses Aon you can
reply with c y Kos a or if you want to
use a direct object pronoun you can say
C Yos there are of course more examples
that you can make with Kos
like he is familiar with my granddad or
maybe I'm familiar with the books or
maybe if you want to include an
infinitive inside you can
say which would mean you want to be
familiar with the country as country
refers to a physical Place overall konos
is an eminent verb in Spanish because it
helps you understand how to think of
people places and things in general by
being familiar with these ideas rather
than fully and factually knowing
everything about people places and
things I actually don't understand why
teachers teach both of these verbs at
once as I see the two verbs having
completely different definitions and so
mainly each verb needs its own
explanation of how to work with it the
past tense for regular verbs in Spanish
follows the same idea for the present
tense which I covered in one of my
previous videos but in this video I will
only explain the past tense for regular
a r e r and I are verbs in Spanish also
known as the predate or past simple
tense just like with the present tense
in Spanish the past tense follows the
same idea of dropping off the ending of
the a r e r or I verb and then adding
the ending that corresponds with the
pronoun let's start with regular ar
verbs for the yo pronoun you drop the
ending of the verb and then add the
ending a with an accent meaning that
You' always have an emphasis on that
vowel when you say the conjugative verb
for two you drop the ending and then add
the ending AE for l or AO said you drop
the ending and at the ending o with an
accent meaning that you likewise put an
emphasis on that vow for noos you you
put Amos and it's actually the same
ending for the pronoun that you have in
the present tense and so you can only
tell the difference between them in
context foros you put a and for AOS you
put Aron let's use the verb a as an
example how would you conjugate a for
the yo pronoun you take a drop the
ending and add the ending e with an
accent and so it's pronounced y I spoke
it's not y it's y for two you drop the
ending and add the ending AE so you get
aast meaning you spoke for l or a said
you get ablo with an emphasis on the
Last Vow it's not ablo it's ablo he or
she spoke for noos you get abl and it's
pronounced the same way as in the
present form and so you can only tell
the difference between them in context
for votos you get ablast which is you
all spoke and for AOS you get ablon they
spoke as far as ar verbs go I recommend
that you memorize all of these endings
except votos because there is no pattern
to follow with any of them but but the
trickiest pronoun to use is noos because
the word abl can mean both we speak and
we spoke however there is a way to tell
the difference between them in context
and that is by looking for keywords that
Express time for instance if I say AO a
I'm saying that we speak with you now
because the word a indicates that
however if I have a sentence
like the sentence would logically be we
spoke with them yesterday because AER
indicates yesterday which is an action
done in the past and that's really as
difficult as it gets now there are verbs
ending in e r and I and conveniently
unlike the present tense which has a
different conjugation pattern for each
type of verb Spanish decides to use the
same Syntax for the past tense of verbs
ending in e and IR both verbs that end
in e and IR share the same ending which
might develop an easier conjugation
pattern to memorize for the yo pronoun
you drop the ending of the verb ending
in e r or I and you add the ending e
with an emphasis on that vow for two you
drop the ending and add the ending e for
l or a you drop drop the ending and add
the ending EO with an emphasis on the o
for noos you drop the ending and add the
ending OS which is actually the same
ending as the ending of verbs ending in
IR in the present tense and once again
you can only tell the difference between
them in context and finally for votos
you get and for AOS you get let's use
the verbs and VI as useful verbs how
would you conjugate the verb in the past
tense for the yo pronoun you take K drop
the ending and put e and so you get yo I
at for two you get kist which is U at
for L you Geto which is he at foros you
getos which is we
ateos yall ate and AOS they ate and now
you simply replicate the same idea with
regular verbs ending in IR like VI
however don't forget about the noos
pronoun of ir verbs ending in OS because
they do share the same ending if I say
Vios in Las Vegas a I'm saying that we
live in Las Vegas now because a
indicates that however if I say Vios and
Los
Angeles I'm saying that we lived in Los
Angeles a year ago because is the
construction that indicates that so
overall you have to watch out for these
things because that's as difficult as it
gets and with regular verbs ending in ER
and IR I recommend just memorizing the
pattern for all pronouns except votos
because it's the same in both types of
verbs and also because it's a pattern
that you would see all the time whenever
you study the past tense in Spanish as I
said in my video on how to conjugate
verbs in Spanish in the present tense
there is no point in knowing every a r e
r and IR verb out there because you'll
never use all of them I decided to
utilize useful verbs like abl com and VI
to demonstrate how regular verbs in
Spanish work in the past tense I could
have extended the video by giving
examples but I chose not to because I
believe that you can do so on your own
because knowing how the past or predate
tense Works in Spanish is sufficient
enough to understand how it can be used
as far as the past tense goes in Spanish
there are actually multiple variations
of it like the imperfect past perfect
condition and conditional perfect and
all of these tenses are topics for
future videos so I decided to not over
complicate the past tenses in Spanish by
simply showing the regular past simple
tense for regular a r e r and ir verbs
and if you see any verb that's
conjugated in the ways that I've shown
in the video that means that this verb
is in the past simple tense Spanish has
the verbs said and E which mean to be
and to go and even though these verbs
have different definitions the
convenient thing about them is that they
both share the same syntax when they're
put into past simple or predate tense in
Spanish the ver said means to be as in
being and having traits about oneself
and the synx of this verb in the present
tense has six different conjugations for
the six pronouns the verb ear however
means to go and sometimes can be
referred to as to go to but its syntax
is completely different in the present
tense from the verb set the two verbs in
the past simple tense share the same
syntax which makes Spanish more
convenient having an irregular
conjugation pattern and so you can only
tell the difference between them in
context fui can simultaneously mean I
went somewhere or to do something or I
was as in actions that were completed in
the past and I'll get to that in a bit
fuiste can mean you went somewhere or to
do something and also you were in a
position somewhere Fu can mean he or she
went and it also has a ubiquitous use of
it was in Spanish making it one of the
most useful words in the past simple
tense fuos means we went or we were Fu
means y'all went or y'all were and fuon
can mean they went or they were I
recommend that you actually focus on all
pronouns except votos and AOS because
all of these conjugations are very
useful in Spanish as I said before you
can only tell the difference between
said and ear in the past simple in
context and there's actually an easy way
to distinguish their meaning and that is
through the preposition a which is used
as the preposition to in English just
like when we say actions in the present
such as yo ala I go to the store it's
the same way you would say the phrase in
the past y ala I went to the store which
ultimately changes only one word making
the language easier to understand and
easier to distinguish from the verb set
in this context next we know that the
verb is IR because we see the
preposition a which is placed only after
conjugations of the verb regardless if
it's in the present or past y ala and Y
ala mean I go to the store and I went to
the store which simply changes only one
word noticeably understanding that ear
is used because you have the preposition
a after the conjugation in both cases
however you can sometimes refer to
actions
like you go to do your homework and if
you want to put the phrase in the past
you simply change only one word by
saying
to you went to do your homework and in
both cases everything else in the
sentence stays the same besides the
conjugation of both in English and
Spanish and you can make more examples
like she went to the concert yesterday
with a indicating that the action
happened in the past and also having Al
which means to the again knowing that
it's the verb you can also say a
sentence like Fiesta we went to see the
party and this sentence also has the
preposition a inside which refers to an
action done in the past once again
showing that the sentence contains the
verb ear the biggest tip that I can give
for telling the difference between said
and ear in the past simple is that if
you see this conjugation and you don't
know which one it is try looking for the
preposition ah after the conjugation if
there is an ah with or without an
infinitive the verb is IR because there
isn't much of a change from its form in
the present now understanding how the
verb said works in the past simple is
actually a bit more difficult to
comprehend due to its variations in the
past currently we're working in the past
simple also known as the predate and as
I said in my previous video Spanish has
many variations of the past such as the
imperfect conditional and so on however
what's important with the verb said is
that it's used in the past simple
strictly for describing actions that
specifically happened in the past and
I'm putting a very big emphasis on the
word specifically as I don't want to lie
to any of you watching this video I
myself struggled with the verb said in
the past simple but I can describe it in
the easiest way possible you might
remember me explaining the verb said in
one of my previous videos where I
described how the verb said works in the
present form part of which includes the
following applications of said you might
be thinking that since these are the
uses that are utilized for said in the
present form then they all have to be
used in the past tense also however
since I said that said is used in the
past only for situations that were
finished specifically and factually this
Narrows the field of the verb being used
in the past only to when where and how
events took place which can also be
explained as events that happened or
finished in the past suppose we have the
phrase la pelicula Fu AB meaning the
movie was boring in this case we have
the use of Fu which indicates was as in
the movie was boring since a movie is an
event that happened in the past and
stayed in the past the act of the
sentence remains factual because of how
was the movie and since there is the
word f in the sentence this shows you
how fu is used more than the other
conjugations of SE however and this is
something that I'll show rather than
explain if you take this phrase the
movie was boring and plug it into a
translator it might give a translation
that has the word era while the
translation of the sentence doesn't go
away the meaning is quite wrong about
the phrase because era is the imperfect
tense of said of the it pronoun meaning
used to be and it's actually a word
that's used more often than F but the
emphasis of this video is the past
simple saying laela ER AB means the
movie used to be boring which logically
doesn't make sense which is why F has to
be used indicating how events took place
in the past era is used more when it
comes down to describing objects and
people but it's a topic for a future
video in this video I just wanted to
mention that so that you don't get
confused about how the use said in the
past tense fu is by far the most common
use of used for the construction it was
like
saying it was difficult to study for the
test which can be said the same in the
present tense by simply changing one
word it is difficult to do the test and
you can also have simpler sentences
which are sentences that I recommend
using the most
likea meaning the party was in the club
which is the easiest sentence that shows
how said is used perfectly and logically
in the past by acting as an event that
took place in the past and stayed in the
past in the video I wanted to show how
the verbs sir and ear work in Spanish by
having the same syntax in the past
simple tense and also being able to tell
the difference between them in context
of course you can make any sentence that
you want using said and IR but the
biggest step that I can give in order to
tell the difference between them in
context is that the verb IR means to go
and if you see the preposition ah with
or without an infinitive after it then
the verb has to be IR alongside the verb
said means to be and if you see a
sentence that begins with the
construction F meaning it was or a
sentence that has f in it with an event
that's specifically finished in the past
then that verb is the verb said in the
past if you want to you can even
practice on some of my sentences in the
video and put them in English in order
to see if you got them right and if you
did then you did a good job there are
many types of verbs in Spanish such as
stem changing irregular yo and just
irregular verbs in general and in this
video I would like to describe every
type of them in the past simple form
even though not every verb will be
included in the video because you don't
need all of them I will explain all
types of verbs in the past for the first
video but in the second one I'll f
finished what I left off the list will
include weird stem changing verbs and
irregular yo verbs which I will separate
by categories and explain how to use in
the past doing so as quickly as I can
starting with generic irregular verbs
that have the TUV change in them one of
the verbs that falls into this category
is Ted which doesn't follow the normal
conjugation pattern of verbs ending in
eer instead of following the syntax of
normal verbs ending in eer taned decides
to use T as its main stem y means I had
to you had l tovo he had and so on I
recommend not focusing on these pronouns
because they're not that useful in
conversation and so the other ones are
more useful like
saying I had a cat or maybe if you want
to include an action inside you can
say meaning you had to do your homework
and from there you can make any sentence
you want after the verb T there are some
verbs that have the word ten in them
with different prefix in the beginning
such as DET rer and oper and in case you
want to use any of them in the past
tense you have to remember to likewise
change them with the like you change and
with verbs like these it's more useful
to know them than to use them luckily
for Spanish there's a very useful verb
that similarly uses the ending which is
something you don't expect from this
verb and that is the verb EST rather
than following normal conjugation
patterns for verbs ending in a r EST
decides to use the ending in all of its
pronouns y EST means I was to EST you
were El esto he was and so on like with
the verb T I recommend not focusing on
these pronouns because the other ones
are more useful one important rule you
have to remember with estar in the past
is that it's used for things done in the
past that stayed in the past in my video
about a star I talked about the
applications of a star in the present
but in the past it basically applies for
a location more than to anything else I
can say a sentence like esto in Madrid I
am in Madrid with him but if I want to
say this phrase in the past I'd simply
say y EST in Madrid because my action
was finished in the past meaning that I
never returned there and of course you
can make any sentence you want but just
be careful with using locations in the
past the last verb that follows the U
ending is another verb you don't expect
and that is the verb andar meaning to
walk instead of following the normal
conjugation of a r verbs it decides to
use the U ending to indicate an action
done in the past with a verb like andar
I recommend just knowing the verb rather
than using it next up there are verbs
that follow a p ending which luckily
share the same verb but with different
prefixes and that is the verb P instead
of following the normal conjug pattern
of verbs ending in e r Spanish decides
to change it to P for all pronouns y
means I put in the past to you put El he
put and so on as always don't
concentrate on these pronouns because
they're not that useful in conversation
if you were to say a sentence in the
past using p you can say something
like I put my phone here or maybe you
can ask a question like don't meaning
where did you put my shirt of course you
can say any sentence you want using this
verb I'm just giving a few examples to
demonstrate how to use the verb after P
there are many other verbs that follow
the P change like prop Dison compon and
Des compon and in case you have to use
any of them in the past remember to
change them the same way you would
change p and with verbs like these I
recommend just knowing them rather than
using them next up there are verbs
ending
in and as far as I know there are only
three of them in Spanish and they're
very useful like conduc truc and produc
rather than following the pattern of
verbs ending in IR Spanish decides to
change them in the ending by
adding taking the verb cond as an
example y means I drove to means you
drove El means he drove and so on I
recommend knowing all pronouns except
votos because the sentences that you can
make with them are very useful and the
same concept applies to all of them
whenever you decide to use them in the
past any way you want while we're on the
category of De there are verbs that have
an e ending in the past simple meaning
to say or to tell instead of following
the pattern of ir verbs Spanish gives
the verb the and change I spoke to you
spoke and so on with a verb like I
recommend knowing all pronouns except
Vos because these pronouns are very
useful especially when you incorporate
every Spanish concept with them for
instance I can say a sentence
like meaning I told you that I'm going
to be there or maybe some simpler
sentences would be better like El he
told me that yesterday or
maybe they told us that they are there
with a verb like you can basically make
any sentence you want depending on what
you want to say actually there are some
verbs that put a prefix before the like
PR and Contra and whenever you want to
use these verbs in the past remember to
change them like the and as always it's
more useful to know them than to use
them at last there's the verb meaning to
bring which is actually the last verb to
include a in the past simple tense
instead of following normal ER verb
conjugations the decides to add a in
every
pronoun I brought to you brought and so
on with a verb like I recommend knowing
it rather than using it next up there is
the East category which is used through
the verb AER instead of following the
normal ER pattern a uses an irregular
pattern across all pronouns and not only
does it do that but it has an irregular
word within its irregular pattern for
the L pronoun which is ISO meaning he or
she did or made the reason Spanish does
that is because when say is put before
an O it would have a c sound like ELO
but the word needs to maintain a sound
so it uses Zeta instead with a I
recommend knowing all pronouns except
Ros because they're useful in
conversation for instance a common
question that is asked many times is
meaning what did you do yesterday and
you can reply with meaning I did my
homework you can also use the verb as to
make in a sentence like
no we made the bed or
maybe they made a a cake for us and of
course you can make any sentence you
want using AER there are also the verbs
and and in case you want to use any of
them in the past you have to change them
as you would with AER but with these
verbs it's more useful to know them than
to use them the last category for this
video is verbs that have the VIN ending
like venir rather than following the
normal pattern or verbs ending in IR
venir changes all of its conjugations in
the past yo V I came to V you came and
so on I suggest knowing all pronouns
except V because it's a useful verb to
know in the past for instance a common
question with ven in the past is V
meaning from where you came and you can
reply
with I came from my house you can also
say something
like we came from the concert at night
or
maybe they came from the school and of
course you can make any sentence you
want using the verb V in the past and
actually there is the verb prevenir
meaning to prevent and in case you want
to use it in the past remember to change
it like the verb venir and as always
it's a verb that's more useful to Know
Than to utilize this has been all types
of irregular verbs in the past tense in
Spanish part one the last category of
irregular verbs in the past tense in
Spanish is the category I call
miscellaneous meaning that there are
verbs that irregularly change their form
in the past and that there aren't any
other verbs that replicate their form
like the verb cab meaning to fit rather
than following the pattern of verbs
ending in e r as far as I know cab is
the only verb that follows the pattern y
I fit to you and so on I recommend
knowing this verb rather than using it
next up there is the verb which is the
only verb that has the pattern in the
past y I could toist you could and so on
I recommend knowing all pronouns except
Theos because p is a very useful verb in
the past tense but one important rule to
remember with pod in the past simple is
that it's only used for actions that
happened in the past and that stayed in
the past it's significant to not confuse
it with a phrase like I could have plus
an infinitive because this would be the
past participle in Spanish which is a
topic for a future video instead you can
use in the past simple by saying
something
like I could speak with him or maybe
toest you could go to the party of
course it's up to you to say any
sentence that you want with P after
there's the verb sa which is the only
verb that uses
an pattern y means I knew toist means
you knew and so on don't focus on these
pronouns because they're not that useful
in conversation one thing to note with
sa in the past simple is that it's used
in context when it comes down to knowing
something factually but not necessarily
something that you knew how to do in the
present sa is used for the following
applications but in the past simple
tense it's used to know something
factual like
saying I knew who won the game and in
the sentence I use Saed in the past by
factually knowing who won the game along
with using a regular AR verb for the he
she pronoun of course it's up to you to
say any sentence that you want with sa
after sa there's the verb K which is
which is the only verb that uses aiss
pattern Y is I wanted toist is you
wanted and so on don't focus on these
pronouns because they're not that useful
in conversation one thing to note with K
is that it's used in the past simple for
things that you wanted in the past and
that stayed in the past like
saying I wanted to play with you which
is an action that I wanted to do and I
no longer want to do it I can also say
something
like she wanted to open the door because
it's an action that stayed in the past
meaning that no longer wants to do it at
last in the miscellaneous category there
are the verbs V and dar and the easiest
way to remember them in the past simple
tense is that they literally share the
same ending for all pronouns aside from
the first letter of every conjugation y
v i saw y I gave to V you saw to you
gave and so on I recommend focusing on
all pronouns except Vos because they're
useful in conversation try some examples
on your own y andesta means I saw you at
the party to V
means you saw my mother in the
house means he saw how I did my
homework means I gave you my
pencil means he gave us the past these
are just some of the examples that you
can make with ver and D in the past
simple and as always you can say any
sentence you want using ver and D now we
get to the category of stem changing
verbs in the past simple the very first
thing that I suggest to all of you is to
remember that basically all of these
stem changing verbs will only apply
their stem changing rule for the L and
AOS pronouns all of these verbs are
regular verbs that follow normal
conjugation patterns across their
pronouns except for L and AOS so just
remember that the second thing I'll say
is that I won't give any examples with
any of the following verbs because these
are stem changing verbs that you should
know more than use considering that the
only useful way to utilize them is
through the L and AOS pronouns taking a
verb like sugar for instance it's a stem
changing verb that falls into the a to e
category and it follows the normal
conjugation pattern of verbs ending in
IR except for L and AOS instead of using
the stem beginning with e sug decides to
use e instead and at the most it's a
verb that's more useful to Know Than to
utilize generally the same concept
applies to the rest of the verbs that
I'm about to list going from E to e like
M which means to lie prefer which means
to prefer SE meaning to follow con
meaning to get repe meaning to repeat
Ser meaning to serve and ped meaning to
ask for all of these verbs are useful to
know rather than to use and the only
thing you should know about them is that
they change their stems from E to e only
in the L and AOS pronouns in the past
simple tense next up there are stem
changing verbs going from o to U and as
far as I know there are only two of them
in Spanish and these are dormir and
meaning to sleep and to die dormir
follows the normal pattern of ir verbs
but only changes its stem in the L and
AOS pronouns meaning El he slept and AOS
they slept and the same concept applies
to the verb El is he died and aoson is
they died as always these verbs are more
useful to Know Than to use the last
category of St changing verbs are verbs
that have the letter igga and also
include Accents in most of their
pronouns in order to maintain the sound
after having two vowels right next to
each other these can be verbs
like and and as you can see they are the
only verbs in Spanish that have two
vowels right next to each other so
Spanish decides to put accents on some
of their pronouns in the past simple in
order to maintain their sound the
easiest way to memorize them is to
remember that they all share the same
ending but different letters in the
beginning Y is I believed Y is I read
and Y is I heard toist is you believed
to Leist is you read and to O is you
heard and so on as always it's useful to
know these verbs rather than to use them
and now we made it to the final category
of irregular verbs in Spanish which I
think is the easiest and that is
irregular verbs that are only irregular
in the yo pronoun and in the past symbol
actually there are three types of them
in Spanish known as verbs that end in K
G or tar and since there's no point in
knowing all verbs in Spanish I'll show
one useful verb from each category at
first there are the verbs ending in k
like practicar and while this verb
follows the normal conjugation pattern
for a verbs in the past simple it's only
irregular in the yo pronoun ending in
meaning Yo practi which is I practiced
in case you see any other verb ending in
k and you want to use it in the yo
pronoun in the past remember to Simply
change it to
next up there are verbs ending in g like
H and while this verb follows the normal
conjugation in the past simple it's
irregular in the Y pronoun ending in GE
meaning Yo which is I played in case you
see any other verb ending in g and you
want to use it in the yo pronoun in the
past remember to Simply change it to G
at last there are verbs ending in Zar
like organizar which also maintain the
normal conjugation pattern in the past
simple while it's your pronoun is
irregular ending in meaning your organ
which is I organized as as always in
case you see any other verb ending in
Zar and you want to use it in the yo
pronoun in the past remember to Simply
change it to say and this is where all
types of irregular verbs in the past
tense in Spanish come to an end
throughout both of these videos I
demonstrated all types of irregular
verbs in Spanish in the past tense in
order for all of you to understand what
are their types how to use them and when
to use them of course knowing all verbs
in Spanish is impossible and potentially
useless so I decided to exploit the most
useful ones and put them in two videos
so that you don't have to look up any of
them and they're almost all in these
videos in case you didn't remember them
or forgot some of them you can always go
back and find them within the videos not
to mention that you probably don't need
all of them the point of this idea was
to provide a guide to all types of
irregular verbs in the past tense in
Spanish to understand how to use them
when you want to and like I always like
to say some concepts are more useful to
Know Than to use and this video
summarizes all of it in a nutshell
reflexive verbs in Spanish are verbs
that are applyed to oneself which is
typically the definition that most
teachers give them however I do not like
this explanation because I have a a
different way of expressing reflexive
verbs in Spanish making it easier to
understand what they mean a different
way to look at reflexive verbs in
Spanish is that they typically follow a
preposition or some continuation the way
that they look in Spanish is by having
any regular verb following the
continuation say after which is a form
of an indirect object pronoun that has
to do with oneself I will not explain
every reflexive verb in Spanish because
you don't need all of them but I will
present the most useful ones in Spanish
at first I would like to demonstrate how
reflexive verbs work in general by
showing how one verb works first let's
take the verb Lavar as an example this
verb in Spanish means to wash but in
Spanish the verb to wash doesn't always
conclude in its regular form often times
when we think of washing something we
can sometimes say to wash up if you look
at the verb in Spanish and compare it to
English there isn't really much of a
difference but once this verb becomes
reflexive we start to see that the
meaning is changing laar means to wash
but Lavar means to wash up which is a
verb that's put in a reflexive form and
that's really the closest connection I
can give it in English the way that you
would use the verb in Spanish is by
using indirect object pronouns and
putting them before the conjugated verb
for for instance saying Yol Lao means I
wash as in I wash something that's not
related to oneself as in Yolo Co I wash
the car however if I were to say Meelo
this is where the meaning itself changes
because the verb is not wash but rather
wash up meaning I wash up something that
has to do with oneself for instance
saying y means I wash the car but saying
meos means I wash up my hands in Spanish
the verb to wash can change its meaning
depending on how the action is used with
laar meaning to was and with meaning to
wash up and with the verb getting a
preposition when it's logically
translated into English in simpler words
reflexive verbs in Spanish like these
are verbs that follow a preposition or
some continuation when they're put into
English and as I said in the beginning
that's the closest connection I can give
it in English with every verb having its
own unique definition if you think it's
a difficult Concept in Spanish you'd be
surprised to know that in English there
are many verbs that f with prepositions
and not only are they different their
meaning changes indefinitely in English
you can have the verb to give but when
you start adding prepositions to it the
meaning changes through all verbs to
give to give off to give up and to give
in are verbs that change their meaning
once they're put into context and that's
only one verb to use not to mention that
it's a concept many people who learn
English struggle with in Spanish however
this concept is easier to understand
because the difference between a regular
verb and a reflexive verb in Spanish is
the word say in the verb itself which
can indicate that it's a verb that has a
preposition after it in English laar
means to wash but laar means to wash up
which logically Works in Spanish but in
English it may cause a of confusion we
can also say I wash up the car or I wash
my hands and while that's normal in
English Spanish doesn't allow this idea
to work which is why it generates
different meanings with every verb
reflexive verbs can also work in the
present progressive like saying to
estando meaning you are washing and
meaning you are washing up in the
present progressive you can also attach
the indirect object pronoun to the end
of the infinitive itself like saying EST
but for Spanish speakers it would be too
strange to say which is why most of the
time the indirect object pronoun has has
to be put before a conjugative verb it's
the same thing as saying in English you
are washing to you which doesn't make
sense so overall just remember to put
indirect object pronouns before
conjugated verbs at last reflexive verbs
can also function in the past simple
tense like saying El La meaning he
washed but saying a means he washed up
and we know that it's a he because the
construction indicates that and that's
really how reflexive verbs work in
Spanish and I would even say that
they're not as hard as people think they
are for the sake of learning I'd like to
give all of you useful reflexive verbs
so that you can understand how these
verbs work at Best because I'm not going
to list every verb that exists in
Spanish some of the most useful ones in
Spanish are B
Le and means to bathe but means to take
a bath saying a sentence like Yano means
I bathe but saying Meo means I take a
bath of course you can stretch the
sentence in any way you want whether
it's using a different object pronoun
putting it in the present progressive or
past simple tense leant say is a verb
that's easier to understand because
leant means to lift or to raise but
leant means to lift up or get up to
leaste means you lifted but taste means
you got up of course you can stretch the
sentence in any way you want desper
means to arouse or to awake but Des
means to wake up desperto means he
aroused
butto means he woke up d means to sleep
but means to fall asleep I really hope
that you're starting to get the hang of
it now because most of the these
reflexive verbs are verbs that are used
in the past simple tense of course you
can make any sentence you want using is
a very interesting one because means to
go but means to go away or to leave
saying y means I go but saying Meo means
I go away or I leave and the same
concept applies to any pronoun and
sentence you want to use p means to put
but P say means to put down but let's
not forget that it's an irregular y verb
yongo means I put but me Pongo means I
put down and the same concept applies to
any pronoun and sentence you want to use
S is actually a reflexive verb that's
also stem changing s means to sit but
means to sit down yento means I said but
meso means I said down and the last most
useful reflexive verb is actually a verb
that many beginners heard of but never
understood and that is yamar while yamar
means to call as in to call someone by
phone yamar means to call oneself or
yourself in this case because it's a
verb that has to do with oneself the
most used sentence that everyone has
heard of isas meaning how how do you
call yourself while koyas can mean how
do you call as in how do you call your
favorite person or whatever komas means
how do you call yourself which is a
fancy way of saying what's your name you
can reply by saying May Alex or whatever
your name is a lot of beginners would
tend to say something like May s Alex or
yoy Alex and when you put these
sentences in English you'll get I call
myself as Alex or I call Alex and these
are incorrect responses to the question
komas and now you hopefully understand
what this phrase finally means along
with how reflexive verbs work in Spanish
reciprocal reflexive verbs in Spanish is
the English version of verbs that
reciprocate subjects that involve two or
more people as in each other or one
another while reflexive verbs Express a
verb that is followed by a preposition
reciprocal reflexives always tend to
have two or more subjects when you think
about it in both English and Spanish we
refer to each other whenever we speak of
two or more subjects so we logically
don't need the singular pronouns and so
we only have to work with the plural
pronouns reciprocal reflexives in
Spanish Express an action that's
reciprocated between two or more people
and they work similarly to regular
reflexives the way that reciprocal
reflexives work is by using indirect
object pronouns but in this context we
only need the plural ones like No And SE
which are the most used ones in Spanish
the way that you would use it in Spanish
is by having a verb that can be used
with one another like AUD which is a
common verb used for this context
meaning to help each other since we're
only working with pronouns like Nos and
SE every example in the video will
utilize the we and they pronouns if I
were to use this verb and say something
like noos AUD the meaning would be be we
help however if we want to reciprocate
the action we would say no a meaning we
help each other and it doesn't get any
more difficult than this the same
concept can be applied to se when we
know who the subjects are using the verb
abar meaning to hug each other I can say
AOS Aban meaning they hug but saying AOS
Aban means they hug each other just like
regular reflexive verbs reciprocal
reflexives can function like any other
verb both in the present progressive in
the past simple saying a sentence like
EST es means we are listening but no
es means we are listening to each other
likewise I can say
jimos which means JN and I knew but
saying J noos means JN and I knew each
other even though the topic of
reciprocal reflexives isn't that well
known it does have a useful application
in many sentences and some of the most
useful reciprocal reflexes are
Sal and the biggest tip that I can give
to remember reciprocal reflexes is that
whenever you see say after a verb it
always means that the verb has a
preposition or a continuation after it
in this case Salud and cont and ver all
have their definitions but they gain a
different definition once say is inside
the verb if you really want to you can
technically use any verb in Spanish and
make it reciprocal as long as the
context makes sense with the inclusion
of two or more people for instance
saying a sentence like Los Amigos Salon
means the friends greeted but if you
were to say Los Amigos say Salon this
would mean the friends greeted each
other similarly you can use two verbs in
one sentence
like know vimos meaning we encountered
each other in the cinema when we saw
each other and in this context we know
that encontr is in the past because
vimos is in the past form too and as
always it's up to you to say any
sentence that you want using reciprocal
reflexives in Spanish the imperfect
tense in Spanish is a form of the past
tense used to indicate actions that used
to happen or were happening in the past
what makes this tense the easiest to
memorize in Spanish is that it's only
modifyed two ways without having any
irregular y verbs or stem changing
patterns aside from three completely
irregular ones however it's important to
not confuse the past imperfect with the
past simple because the two of them
generate different meanings in context
in my video where I talked about the
past simple tense included examples of
actions that simply happened in the past
hence the name past simple the imperfect
also known as the past imperfect is a
tense that has two explanations meaning
used to happen or was happening in the
past and I'm putting a big emphasis on
the meaning was happening because it's
more of an accurate translation once
it's put in English and it's the
definition that most teachers don't talk
about as I said again the past imperfect
tense is the simplest one in Spanish
because it only has two conjugation
patterns with a r and e r/ i verbs let's
start with verbs ending in a r to
conjugate this verb in the Y pronoun you
drop the ending of the verb and you get
ABA for two you get abas for L you also
get ABA and it's the same ending as with
the Y pronoun so you can only tell the
difference between them in context for
noos you get abamos and we have to put
an accent on the first a because we have
to maintain the sound of the word for
Vos you get ab and for AOS you get Aban
let's take the verb abl as an example
how would you conjugate it in the
imperfect for the yo pronoun you take
abl drop the ending and get yo abla and
this phrase means I used to speak or I
was speaking and I'll actually get to
this structure later in the video for
two you get aabas for L you get abla and
you have to put the pronoun before the
verb to not confuse it with Y for noos
you get
AOS and AOS try not concentrating on
these pronouns because they're the least
used ones in conversation if anything
you should only know how to conjugate
them and the best thing about this
conjugation pattern is that it's the
same across every AR verb there is in
Spanish there is no ST changing
irregular y verbs which makes the
imperfect tense very convenient and it's
the same thing with verbs ending in e r
and IR however they have a different
pattern than a verbs but both e r and ir
verbs share the same pattern for the Y
pronoun you drop the ending of the verb
and put for two you putas for L you also
get and don't confuse it with the your
pronoun in context for noos you getos
Vos and AOS taking the verbs and as
examples how would you conjugate the
verb K in the imperfect for the yo
pronoun you take drop the ending and put
the ending so you get yo meaning I used
to eat or I was eating I was eating is
more of an accurate definition and I'll
get to that later for to you getas you
used to eat or you were eating for El
you get for noos you
get andos and now you simply replicate
the same idea with the verb VI as always
try not focusing on these pronouns
because they're not that useful in
conversation as I said before there is
no stem changing irregular yo pronouns
or any irregular exceptions with verbs
ending in e and IR however there's only
three completely irregular verbs in the
imperfect which are very useful and
those are ver and S because there is no
conjugation pattern to follow with any
of them I recommend just memorizing
their patterns in the imperfect for you
get yo I used to go or I was going to
ibas Elba and so on as always don't
focus on these pronouns for you get I
used to see or I was seeing
two and so on as always don't focus on
these pronouns at last you have the verb
which
is and so on the verb however is used in
a very different way in the imperfect
than in the past simple said in the past
simple describes things that
specifically happened in the past and
that were finished in the past mainly
speaking of when where and how events
took place however said in the imperfect
changes its meaning by applying to
things that used to happen or were
happening in the past so it's important
to not confuse the past simple and past
imperfect saying a sentence like Yu
Bonito would imply that I was beautiful
at a specific time in the past which
logically doesn't make sense on the
other hand saying y erab Bonito means I
used to be beautiful indicating that it
wasn't something that specifically
happened but rather a trait that was
happening in the past that's the
difference between said in the past
simple and past imperfect which is a
topic that's difficult to understand but
the best tip that I can give for
understanding said in the imperf perfect
is that it means used to be in the past
and its most common uses are ones that
have to do with people for instance
saying a sentence like to isud means you
were as in you used to be a student and
you're no longer a student now erapid
means he was as in he used to be fast
but he's no longer fast now hopefully
I'm making this concept as easy as
possible overall this is everything you
should know about the imperfect tense
but there's still one concept that I
need to mention to fully explain the
imperfect and it's something that has to
do with the verb estar in the beginning
of the video I talked about phrases like
yo ABA which means I used to speak or I
was speaking visually looking at this
phrase it sort of makes sense that the
phrase would be I used to speak but
let's not forget that the imperfect
tense also applies to things that were
happening in the past looking at the
phrase I was speaking we can see that
there's a form of the present
progressive in the imperfect due to the
construction was with ing while it can
mean I used to speak yo abla signifies I
was speaking rather than I used to speak
and the only way to understand this
concept is through the verb estar by far
the most useful use ful application of
estar in the imperfect is the present
progressive saying a sentence like yoa
can mean I was speaking but another way
to write this using the present
progressive is y EST derived from the
verb EST and looking at this phrase it
makes more sense to use this
construction than simply saying yo abla
to put it into simpler words yo abla
means I was speaking and it can be
written as yo esta and it doesn't get
more difficult than this some of you
might think to use AAR from the past
simple by saying y but this would be an
incorrect use of estar because the
present progressive is an action that's
always continuous even in the past
because it's a continuous action meaning
that it's happening the imperfect is
needed for estan in the present
progressive instead of saying y EST we
need to say y EST because the action is
continuous and the same concept applies
to any sentence you want to say for
instance saying a sentence
like can mean you used to walk every day
or you were walking every day and
another way to write this is to
estas saying a sentence
like means he used to eat or he was
eating in the mornings and another way
to write this
is saying a sentence
like means I used to go to the school or
I was going to the school and with the
verb there is no way to rewrite the
sentence because doesn't have a form in
the present progressive saying a
sentence
like means you used to be very happy and
with the verb estar this would be a
correct way to use it because estar in
the imperfect has the same appliations
as in the present so there isn't really
much of a change aside from the way you
would use it in the present progressive
stress possessed adjectives in Spanish
indicate to whom a possess object
belongs I already made a video about
this topic talking about normal
possessive adjectives such as my your
his her our y'alls and there but stress
possessive adjectives are adjectives
that indicate to whom something belongs
in English these can be mine yours his
or hers ours Ys and theirs and they can
be used in sentences like the computer
is mine or the computer of mine which
similar ly applies to the rest of the
adjectives in Spanish just like regular
possessive adjectives stressed ones have
gender and plurality with every
adjective having a gender depending on
the number of objects that you're
referring to to say mine in Spanish the
word has to be mo with an accent if it's
masculine or Mia if it's feminine to say
yours the word is tuo masculine and tuya
feminine to say ours or Ys the form of
the possessive adjective actually stays
the same as the regular possessive
adjective which makes Spanish more
convenient so you can only tell the
difference between them in context the
words suo masculine and suya feminine
can mean his hers or theirs and so you
can only tell the difference between
them in context in case you need to
pluralize any of them you simply put an
essay after every adjective saying a
sentence like a Lio is would mean the
book is mine with the ending of the
adjective matching the gender of the
noun but another way to say this would
be a Libro meaning the book of mine
which still makes sense but it's not
that useful conversationally instead you
can use these adjectives when talking
about people like Joan is amig meaning
John is a friend of mine and the same
principle applies to any phrase you want
to say saying something like Laut would
mean the computer of yours with the
ending of the adjective matching the
gender of the noun saying something like
La clra would mean the class of ours
again matching the gender and in case
you want to pluralize it you can Sayes
noas meaning the classes of ours because
Su suya suos and suas can have more than
one meaning you can avoid the confusion
by specifying who the subject pronoun is
for instance saying El suo would mean
the keyboard of but because suo has
multiple meanings we need to specify the
subject in context by saying something
like El meaning the keyboard of his
because we know that L refers to a
masculine his we can now change the
sentence to ELO which would still mean
the keyboard of his and the same idea
applies to any subject that you want to
use but keep in mind gender and
plurality one thing to note with
stressed possessive adjectives is that
they can also function with the same
meaning as regular possessive adjectives
like saying to quaderno which means your
notebook but this phrase can also be
Rewritten while keeping its meaning like
saying El and now this sentence means
both your notebook and the notebook of
yours and the same idea applies to any
other sentence you want to say using
these adjectives POR in Spanish means by
or through and para means four sometimes
the two prepositions have the same
meaning but are used in different
situations so you cannot use them
interchangeably in this video I'd like
to explain all the differences between
them and how to use them in what context
mainly speaking of movement time and
action which both Po and Para but in
different circumstances starting with
the first usage of por this preposition
can literally mean by or through which
involves movement but it's used as other
prepositions when it comes down to the
duration of an event or a reason for a
circumstance for instance you can use po
when speaking of the preposition by or
through
like which literally means I went by or
through the park which logically makes
sense both in English and Spanish
however saying a sentence like YOLO isos
oras indicates I did it for 2 hours with
po acting as the preposition for in
English and it is tricky to understand
the best tip that I can give to
understand this better is instead of
thinking of the sentence in English you
can logically think of por as something
that's used for a duration or during
something which leads to the second use
of por instead of saying I did it for 2
hours we can think of it as I did it
during 2 hours which demonstrates the
use of a duration through the
preposition por which is why por is used
it is tricky to understand but that's
the closest connection I can give it in
English another way to use po is for a
reason of action like in the sentence y
which means I arrived late to the house
because of the traffic and in this
context PO is used as the preposition
because of because there's a reason of
the action done in the sentence and
that's the closest connection I can give
it now to get more precise with po we
have to take a look at movement time and
action a bit more specifically aside
from these categories P can also be used
in topics like in the search for and
exchange units of measurement and
idiomatic expressions for instance
saying
yapis indicates that I went for my
pencil which visually doesn't make sense
in English with the preposition for but
another way to look at the sentence is I
went in search of my pencil which is why
po has to be used in this context
another example can be an exchange like
in the
sentence meaning I gave you money for
the ticket once again po functions as
the preposition for in English but
another way to say the sentence is I
gave you money in exchange for the
ticket with the words in exchange for
all meaning Po in Spanish even though
it's hard to understand that's the
closest connection I can give it can
also be used for units of measurement
like K which means I was driving 120 km
per hour with por acting as the
preposition per even though it's not a
useful sentence it does make sense for
use of por at last p is also used for
idiomatic expressions like pemp and P
which mean for example and at last and
you have the prepositions for and at
which don't really make sense in English
but once again that's how por functions
with movement time and action in in
summary P applies to these circumstances
but the critical part to remember is
that it applies to past or current
movement time and action with more
examples on the way B specifically
indicates things like a general motion
like by or through a duration of action
as enduring a reason for an action like
because of an object of a search as in
search of an exchange like in exchange
for units of measurement as in per an
idiomatic phrases like these ones that's
how por functions in Spanish para on the
other hand literally translates as for
but sometimes functions like other
prepositions just like Po para also
applies to movement time and action but
in these cases para indicates an event
in the future or a purpose for an event
for instance saying a sentence like Y
lasas El Lunes means I leave for Las
Vegas on Monday indicating a destination
that I'm going to reach which is an
event that's going to happen in the
future however saying something like
YOLO Voya said means I'm going to do it
by Friday and in this tricky context the
word para Acts as the preposition by in
English which doesn't make sense but it
does function as a deadline in the
future which is why para is used another
way to look at the sentence is I'm going
to do it on Friday with para acting as
the preposition on which still indicates
a deadline in the future at last para
can also demonstrate a purpose for an
action like in the
sentence meaning I study Spanish to be a
teacher even though there's completely
no preposition in the sentence by saying
I study Spanish to be a teacher what
we're trying to say is I study Spanish
in order to be a teacher with para
acting as a purpose of the action
literally meaning in order to this
sentence can also be written the
opposite way
Prof in order to be a teacher I study
Spanish I believe that this is the
easiest form of para to remember because
para in this context will always come
before a verb indicating in order to and
that's the closest connection I can give
it however para has other uses that are
more logical than por once you put the
context into English still falling into
the category of movement time and action
P can be used for being the recipient of
something a comparison with others and
in the employment of for instance saying
something like estal means this gift is
for him with him acting as the recipient
of the phrase which is why para is used
as for saying something
like means for me this lesson is easy
comparing the lesson with myself and in
this context para is also used as for in
English at last you can also use par in
the employment of such
Asel meaning she works for Telecom and
once again para is used as for in
summary para applies to movement time
and action but what's important to
remember is that it applies to events
that will happen in the future like
destinations deadlines and purposes
along with recipients of something
comparisons and employment overall The
crucial part to remember about Po and
para is that they both apply for
movement time and action while sharing
different circumstances in each category
po May apply to a general motion the
duration of an event and the reason for
an action including ideas like an object
of a search an exchange units of
measurement an idiomatic statements par
also applies to movement time and action
but mainly speaks of events in the
future like destinations deadlines and
purposes while having recipients of
something comparisons and employment the
biggest tip that I can give to
understand when to use por and when to
use para is to always remember that por
is used more for movement time and
action in the past but para is used more
for movement time and action in the
future and as always these are the
closest connections I can give them in
English comparatives and superlatives in
Spanish explain the differences between
people and things in English there's a
very simple system on how to use these
ideas correctly but there are a few
exceptions that make the language sound
better in Spanish understanding how
these ideas work can be a bit tricky but
I'll try to explain them as easily as
possible before fully knowing
comparatives and superlatives you have
to know that Spanish actually doesn't
have a notion of adding letters at the
end of simple words like in English so
it relies on the words mass and Menos
meaning more or less to express its
phrases make sure that you focus on
these words because you will see them in
almost every sentence as an example the
sentence
means this class is small but its
comparative version is different in
Spanish in English we say the class is
smaller by adding the letters e r to
simple words but Spanish does not have
the system instead it decides to use the
word mass meaning more to justify the
meaning by putting it before the
adjective so the sentence would be is
meaning this class is more small while
this is logical in Spanish it feels
weird to say more small in English
because English simply adds letters to
the end of regular adjectives
nonetheless it's still possible to say
the phrase as it is this class is more
small which is literally and Visually
how the sentence Works in Spanish the
superlative version on the other hand is
actually a bit more complex because it
adds an article to justify the claim
both in English and Spanish the sentence
this class is the smallest contains an
EST at the end of the adjective and the
article the that specifies that this
class is in fact the smallest similarly
this is how the sentence Works in
Spanish which only changes the meaning
of one word the sentence in Spanish
would be EST is l meaning this class is
the most small while this makes sense in
Spanish it again seems odd to say the
most small because English combines the
words nevertheless it's still possible
to say this phrase as it is this class
is the most small with the word mus
acting as the word most unlike more from
the previous phrase even though it's
unusual to see phrases like more small
and the most small this is how Spanish
defines comparatives and superlatives
English decides to combine the phrases
into one word rather than keeping them
in their form so there's really nothing
difficult about this concept once you
visually see it in English as a matter
of fact it's easier to understand this
concept once you start using less to
express an inferior quality saying
something like this class is less small
and this class is the least small is
visually how the sentences work in
Spanish is and isos is literally how the
phrases work in English the only
difference is that in the first sentence
menos means less and in the second L
menos means the least an easy way to
remember this is if you see an article
before maso Menos they would mean most
or least if there isn't an article Mas
omos simply mean more or less as always
it's up to you to say any sentence that
you want using M or menos an even easier
way to understand this concept is by
using words that do not combine
themselves this shirt is expensive in
Spanish is esta esar the sentence say
this shirt is more or less expensive and
this shirt is the most or least
expensive work even comparably to
Spanish because the word expensive isn't
a word that combines itself we don't say
expensive or expensivest because the
sound of the words would be too bad so
that's the reason why English decides to
use words like more most less or least
esta isos and esta
isos literally and Visually mean this
shirt is more or less expensive and this
shirt is the most or least expensive and
that is as difficult as it gets as
always it's up to you to use
comparatives and superlatives to say any
sentence you want at last there's one
final concept to know with comparatives
and superlatives and there somewhat
similar to the concept in English being
irregular comparatives and superlatives
that have to do with words like Bueno
Buena Malo Mala Hoven which is a neutral
adjective and vi vi which mean good bad
young and old as far as I know these are
the only irregular qualities used to
describe something as inferior or
Superior in English saying something
like this lesson is good would be a
simple sentence but the word changes to
Better In the comparative form and the
best in the superlative and it's the
same idea of the word bad being worse
and worst span likewise has this concept
but it's a bit more irregular saying EST
bu would be a simple sentence but the
comparative version would
be meaning this lesson is better
similarly having an irregular change
like in English in the superlative form
the sentence would be EST is Lor with an
article indicating this but in this
context the word meor means best rather
than better from the previous phrase a
tip that I can give here is that if you
see an article before mahor the word
would mean the best if there isn't an
article mahor simply means best and it's
the same irregular concept for Malo Mal
and saying something like Malo means
this book is bad saying EST es means
this book is worse and saying
EST means this book is the worst
similarly it's the same concept with
meaning young and meaning old saying El
is means the kid is Young saying El
means the kid is younger and
saying means the kid is the youngest
saying means means she is old saying a
mayor means she's older and saying a LA
mayor means she is the oldest of course
it's up to you to say any sentence that
you want using irregular comparatives
and superlatives in Spanish there are
many negative forms in Spanish that
sometimes work similarly to English and
sometimes don't in this video I'd like
to explain how negatives work in the
language starting from basic words and
sentences all the way to how they use
them properly first there are some
indefinite and negative words you should
know in Spanish like these ones these
words refer to people and things but not
specifically algo means means something
alen means someone alun means any and
it's the only word that has gender and
plurality along with the negative
version too c means always anden means
also the negative words are NADA meaning
nothing NAD meaning no one ningun
meaning not any Nuna meaning never and
TCO meaning neither even though I will
not use all of these words they're still
very useful to know at first in English
we can have simple sentences with
negatives like I do not speak French or
he does not speak Italian in Spanish we
have to use the word no by placing it
before a verb
like however when we answer a question
and the response is negative the use of
two negative words can be used like
asking can you come today v o if the
response is negative I can say no I
cannot come today with two negatives in
the sentence in Spanish the idea works
the same way if the response is negative
I can say no y no comparing the phrase
to English the only difference is that
the word not is placed after can but no
is is placed before PUO because Spanish
places negatives before verbs all the
time we can also ask something like did
you go to the store and the answer can
be no I did not go to the store in
Spanish the idea works the same
way
no as always you can make any sentence
you want using simple negatives in
Spanish but it doesn't stop here
negative words can be used in many
different ways in Spanish as opposed to
English in English you can say things
like nobody eats and she never runs and
in Spanish there are many ways you can
change these sentences you can
say which is visually more logical but
unlike English Spanish can contain two
or more negative words especially when a
sentence begins with a negative idea
with the full sentence being negative I
can say I do not eat anything with the
word not before eat and with the word
anything being indefinite in the
sentence in Spanish the sentence would
be Y no meaning I do not eat anything
but as you can see Spanish has a double
negative with the word NADA which means
nothing the sentence would visually be I
do not eat nothing even though the
sentence makes sense in Spanish it
doesn't make sense in English because
English doesn't allow double negatives
nonetheless that's how negatives work in
Spanish and we can make any sentence we
want how would you say the sentence I do
not see anything in Spanish Y noada how
would you say you never eat
anything how would you say he does not
know
anything that's how negatives work in
Spanish at last there are two concepts
that need more explanation involving
alen and NAD meaning someone and no one
and alun and
meaning any or not any because they
indicate people alen and N have to use
the personal a which is used before the
words for instance I can ask did you see
someone and you can reply with no I did
not see someone in Spanish whenever you
ask about people you will have to
include the personal a like saying V and
you can reply with no Y and as you can
see the personal a is placed both in the
question and answer additionally Nadia
indicates no one which is a third
negative in the sentence which is
impossible in English but logic iCal in
Spanish of course you have to watch out
for these ideas finally there are the
words alun and nun which mean any or not
any and they're the most complicated
negatives in Spanish mainly because
they're the only ones that have gender
and plurality however using them in
context is not that complicated
especially when you know what the
context is asking something
like means do you have any book here if
you reply with a negative the word has
to match the gender and plurality if
there is one so the answer in Spanish
would be
no no I do not have any book here again
having nun as a third negative in case
we want to pluralize the sentence we can
ask alak meaning do you have some or any
books here and the reply can be
no meaning no I do not have any books
here in Spanish you have three negatives
but English does not allow it one final
example can be
Kos meaning are you familiar with any
store around here and you can reply with
no y kosuna meaning no I am not familiar
with any as always you can make any
sentence you want using negatives in
Spanish and hopefully after this video
you understand how negatives work in the
language familiar two commands in
Spanish is a singular informal way to
tell someone what to do when you speak
to them in English this concept is very
simple because it doesn't matter what
verb we use its form in the infinitive
will always stay the same saying you
speak can mean one thing but saying
Speak can generate a command and it's
the same form with any verb in English
like eat your food tie your shoes look
up get up leave now and so on the reason
why it's easy in English is because the
Comm and always stays in the same form
as the infinitive Spanish however
modifies these words both in the
affirmative and negative two commands
without needing the pronoun two regular
a r e r and i verbs will keep their form
as a two command by taking the L AA form
from the present simple for instance
saying means he speaks but simply saying
abah means speak as in I'm giving you a
command to speak now similarly we can
use an ER verb like com saying something
likea meaning eat your food without
needing to put the pronoun to in the
beginning we can also use an IR verb
like and say something
like meaning open the door please and
the same concept applies to any other
regular verb that you want to use in the
affirmative command however there are
some irregular affirmative to commands
involving
ver and V the best tip that I can give
is to just memorize these commands
because there is no pattern to follow
with any of
them means put the phone on the table
means do your homework Sala means leave
now VES means come if you can this is
how irregular commands work in the
affirmative at last there are the verbs
ver and which have the same pattern so
you can only tell their difference in
context a tip that I can give is if you
see the preposition a after the verb has
to be as in go to the school if you
don't see a preposition after the verb
is as in see that movie of course you
can say any command that you want using
regular and irregular verbs in the
affirmative form now under understanding
how two commands work in the negative
form can be tricky but there is one
pattern to follow in case you get
confused in the negative form ar verbs
will drop their ending and get the
ending s along with the word no in the
beginning for e r and ir verbs you drop
the ending and put the ending us along
with no in the beginning for instance
saying a a means speak now in the
affirmative form but how would you say
this command in the negative form You
Begin by saying no you take a drop the
ending and put the ending s so you get
no aess don't speak and the same idea
works for any regular AR verb you want
to use for e and ir verbs like com and
ab You Begin by saying no take com and
drop the endings and put the ending as
so you get no commas and no abas meaning
don't eat and don't open and the same
idea applies to any other regular e and
IR verb you want to use the negative
form of two commands actually doesn't
stop here because there's a lot of
irregular verbs that change their form
once they become negative including
irregular y verbs verbs that end in K G
and SAR and regular verbs in general
verbs
like and all share one common change and
that is being irregular in the Y form
and the way that you would use them in
the negative command is by taking their
y form from the present dropping their
vows from the end and adding the ending
us so it would look like this no kusas
don't drive no digas don't tell or don't
say no AAS don't do or don't make no
pongas don't put no Salas don't leave no
Trias don't bring no vengas don't come
and no veas don't see inevitably there's
other irregular y verbs in Spanish that
have to be modified like these ones but
it is not necessary to know all of them
as long as they know the useful ones
after irregular yo verbs there are verbs
ending in k g and S and these verbs have
a spelling change in the negative two
commands like prac and organizar while
they keep their forms in the affirmative
these verbs change their spellings in
the negative like practicar which
becomes no practi don't practice having
an s ending as with with any AR verb in
the negative form hugar becomes no
meaning don't play and it's a stem
changing verb that changes its stem as
with any stem changing verb in both the
affirmative and negative forms and
finally organ which becomes no organes
don't organize at last there are General
irregular verbs in the negative
like and if you want to put them in the
negative form they will look like this
and the best tip that I can give is to
memorize these forms because there is no
pattern to follow with them of course
you can say any command you want using
irregular negative commands in Spanish
an interesting concept with these
commands is that they can be combined
with direct and indirect object pronouns
one of the most useful phrases with two
commands involves the verb the meaning
to say or to tell saying d means tell
and saying noas means don't tell we can
combine these words using direct and
indirect object pronouns like saying
tell me or tell me it in Spanish the
affirmative form would be di meaning
tell me which combines the words
together and saying tell me it would be
Deo with an Accent on D because we have
to maintain the sound due to the amount
of syllables in the word Deo in the
negative form instead of attaching the
pronouns to the verb we have to separate
them by putting them before the verb so
the phrases would be nigas meaning don't
tell me and nigas meaning don't tell me
it that's how direct and indirect object
pronouns work with two commands we can
say Pono meaning put it and in the
negative form the sentence would be noas
don't put it saying ven means come to me
and in the negative form the phrase is
no don't come to me like I always say
there are millions of sentences that you
can make with them and it's up to you to
say any sentence that you want one last
concept to note with two commands is
reflexive verbs which are verbs that
follow a preposition and within two
commands they function slightly
differently than any of the previous
verbs we've seen so far taking the verb
leant meaning to get up this verb in the
affirmative command will be leant and as
you can see the first part of the word
takes the correct form of affirmative
commands having an accent to keep the
sound but includes the at the end of the
word in order to signify that it's a
reflexive verb leant on its own would be
a command for Lift or raise and leant
means get up or lift up in the negative
form we take the pronoun and put it
before the verb without forgetting to
change the verb in the end so that it
matches its negative form not meaning
don't get up here's another phrase d
means to fall asleep it ends in ir and
it's also stem changing how would you
say this verb in the affirmative two
command the verb would be with being the
stem change an accent on E to keep the
sound and T at the end which signifies
the verb as reflexive and as a side note
reflexive verbs that are used within two
commands will always use the pronoun te
because we're giving commands to you
hence to te is a pronoun from to which
is why it's always used finally how
would you say this verb in the negative
command not with coming before the verb
being the stem change and the ending as
which corresponds in the negative form
with verbs ending in IR that's how
reflexive verbs work in the affirmative
and negative commands and if you want to
you you can even include direct and
indirect object pronouns with them as
long as the context makes sense noos
commands in Spanish is the English
version of Let's Do Something mainly
emphasizing the we pronoun in English
it's a very easy concept because it
doesn't matter what verb we use we
simply have to put the phrase let and
then we put any verb we want like let's
speak let's eat let's open and so on it
literally doesn't matter what verb we
use the form of the verb in the wi
command will always have the same form
as the infinitive in Spanish this idea
completely changes for basically every
type of verb but there are some patterns
to follow for regular ar verbs you keep
the same ending as you would in the
present and change a to a for regular e
r and i verbs you keep the same ending
as you would in the present and change
the e or e to a if you take a closer
look you can probably tell that only one
letter changes so it's almost like a
switch between the types of verbs the
best thing about these changes and for
every verb there is in the noos command
is that these changes are kept even in
the negative command abl means we speak
but ablos means let's speak Kos means we
eat but K means let's eat abos means we
open but abamos means let's open and in
the negative they keep their forms with
no in the beginning that's how regular
verbs function with noos commands both
in the affirmative and negative however
there are many irregular verbs in the
nosos commands but I will not put all of
them in this video because you don't
need all of them if anything I'll give
the most useful verbs once that you can
just memorize these verbs
include
V
ver and in case you want to use these
verbs in the's commands now you know how
and of course there's other verbs that
follow these irregular patterns but you
don't need to know all of them after
these verbs there are verbs ending in k
g and Zar and these verbs have a
spelling change in the nro's command
while changing the ending to practicar
becomes practicos meaning let's practice
hugar becomes hugos meaning let's play
and organizar becomes organos meaning
let's organize if if you see any other
verb that ends in K G andar remember to
change the ending and spelling in case
you want to use it in the noos command
after these verbs there are stem
changing verbs and there's one important
thing you need to know about them and
that is only stem changing verbs that
end in IR change their stem but only
with one letter like dormir which goes
from o to U in the noos command it will
be dur meaning let's sleep not damos
it's a tricky exception but it's easy to
memorize there's other verbs like C and
P which are also stem changing verbs
ending in ir and they would be sintamos
and pedamos meaning let's feel and let's
ask for that's how stem changing verbs
specifically verbs ending in IR work
with nosal's commands these commands can
likewise work with direct and indirect
object pronouns but it's a bit more
tricky in the affirmative the pronouns
are attached to the verb with accents
but in the negative they're separated
with no accent abamos means let's open
it and in the negative it's noos let's
not open it both phrases have the verb
and the pronoun and it's attached in the
affirmative with an accent but separated
in the negative compros can mean let by
them with them being an object and in
the negative the sentence is no let's
not buy them both phrases likewise have
the verb and the pronoun can mean let's
bring you it and in the negative it's
notos let's not bring you it of course
you can make any sentence you want using
these commands with direct and indirect
object pronouns the last concept to know
with Nosotros commands is reflexive
verbs because we're only working with
Nosotros the indirect object pronoun NOS
will always be used with reflexive verbs
especially in the affirmative where NOS
is attached to the verb Spanish has a
very important rule saying that when NOS
is attached to the affirmative nosos
command the final s is dropped from the
verb ending in order for the word to
sound better when said take the
reflexive verb how would you say this
verb in the no's command you would want
to sayos no and while this makes sense
Spanish says that this word sounds bad
when said so we need to eliminate the S
to avoid repeating the same sound so the
the phrase would be SOS meaning let's
sit down and in the negative the
indirect object pronoun is put before
the verb while the verb itself is
conjugated the proper way no noos let's
not sit down as you can see in the
affirmative the S is dropped but in the
negative the S is kept as a side note
the rule of dropping an S also applies
for the indirect object pronoun say
meaning to him to her or to them when
it's attached to the verb in the
affirmative in order to avoid repeating
the same letter and the same sound how
would you say the phrase let's give him
it you would want say de but Spanish
says to eliminate the final s from the
verb to avoid repeating the same letter
so the phrase would be deos let's give
him it in the negative the phrase would
be no let's not give him it with an s
present in the verb how would you say
let's make her
it with the S dropped from the verb in
the negative the phrase is no let's not
make her it with an s present in the
verb how would you say let's take a bath
Bonos in the negative the phrase is no
no BOS with an s in the verb that's what
happens when no and say are attached to
the verbs in the affirmative form at
last there's the verb which is the
trickiest verb in the noos command
because it's the only verb that has
multiple meanings both in the present
and command forms and here is what I
mean if we want to say we're going we
need to say vamos the word vamos itself
is taken from the present simple which
means we're going but Spanish adds its
second definition to vamos meaning let
go however using vamos as let go is
informal in context because there's the
second word in Spanish that means let's
go IR is actually irregular in the no's
command being V which formally means
let's go both V and V mean let's go but
context will change the action based on
the situation the reason why I'm
concentrating on the word vamos so much
is because in Spanish you have the
reflexive verb meaning to go out this
verb is very tricky to understand
especially with no's commands now that I
have shown you Vos and vayamos as let's
go how would you say the phrase let's go
out since I said that V is the irregular
form of let's go some of you might say
vamonos but actually it's the incorrect
way to say let's go out so instead you
need to say vamonos using the present
simple version of with s dropped from
the end of the verb Vos means let's go
out or let's leave if you want to be
formal and a lot of beginners hear this
word but never understand what it means
and now hopefully you understand the
reason I emphasized vamos so much is
because it ties back to the reflexive
verb meaning to go out and rather than
using the irregular vamonos form you
need to say vamonos in the negative
however we have to use the irregular
form of so the phrase is not nonos but
rather nonos let's not go out this is
how and function with no's commands past
participles as adjectives in Spanish is
a form of a verb used to form a perfect
or a passive tense as an adjective in
English this concept is very simple
because most verbs often end in ed like
talk which becomes talked clean which
becomes cleaned and so on however there
are irregular verbs in English like buy
Drive speak and so on obviously you
don't need to know all of them in
Spanish nonetheless you have the same
concept but with a bit more variety and
just a few irregular verbs that are easy
to memorize for regular ar verbs the
form of the past participle is achieved
by dropping the ending and putting the
ending ad like abl which becomes abl
speak to spoken for regular e and ir
verbs you drop the ending and add the
ending Ido like com which is comido and
viid which is vivido meaning eaten and
lived in case you want to use any other
regular verb that ends in a r e r or I
now you know how there are however
irregular verbs that require an accent
on the E primarily e r and ir verbs that
end with two vowels like which becomes
with an emphasis on the
E which
becomes which
becomes which becomes of course there's
other verbs in Spanish that follow this
pattern but you don't need to know all
of them at last there are General
irregular verbs used as past participles
and these
include and in case you want to use
these verbs as adjectives now you know
how however in Spanish these verbs are
often used with the verb estar because
in case you don't remember estar is used
to describe the condition of things
temporarily when we use past participles
as adjectives we're using adjectives to
describe something for the moment in
Spanish gender and plurality have to
match in the sentence and here are some
examples saying something like I close
the door would
be but another way to say the sentence
is the door is
closed and as you can see we're using
the verb to describe the condition of
the door with s being the adjective that
matches the gender hence puera is a
feminine word Additionally you don't
have to use the verb EST when writing
such a sentence instead we can just say
the closed door which would be LA and
because we're using a past participle le
as an adjective we have to put it after
the noun because it's a rule in Spanish
and basically the same idea applies to
any sentence you want to say and here
are some examples how would you say the
phrase the book is
open and now how would you say this
phrase without
aarto meaning the opened book with abto
being an irregular adjective how would
you say the texts are written
texos and now how would you say this
phrase without
AAR the written text how would you say
the bed is
made or meaning the made bed how would
you say the problem is
resolved
or the resolved problem how would you
say my answers are
completed
or my completed answers and here's a
very interesting one how would you say
the day is
dead now how would you say say the dead
day El muerto hopefully you can see
where I'm going with this and if not
what I'm trying to say is the Day of the
Dead which is a famous Mexican holiday
that people hear about how would you say
this phrase in
Spanish de muos The Day of the Dead muos
is a past participle used as an
adjective that's plural and now
hopefully you understand what this
phrase means and here I want to show one
personal concept that I used to think
about when I was learning Spanish
through English in English I used to
think of phrases like I finished and I
am finished looking at these phrases I
used to think that the same concept work
in Spanish because English has the same
word for finished in the two sentences
therefore I thought that the way you say
the phrases in Spanish is and and the
reason why I thought this way is because
the word finished doesn't change in
English so it must be the same in
Spanish however because at the time I
haven't learned past participles yet
this is where I realized that the
phrases are Y and ymin with termin being
the adjective and here my thinking
process changed because I realized why
English is a simple language especially
when it's compared to Spanish in these
cases you have to watch out for these
ideas when you learn languages because
it teaches you how to think properly so
that's it the present perfect tense in
Spanish is the English version of
talking about something that someone has
done using the verb to have along with
past participles you can generate
sentences like I have talked you have
eaten he has left and so on in Spanish
you have the same concept of this tense
using the verb AB meaning to have done
something which needs to be conjugated
the proper way along with past
participles in Spanish you have six
conjugations of a y means I have plus
any past participle you want to as means
you have l means he has noos OS we have
Vos AB y'all have and AOS an they have
try not focusing on these pronouns
because they're not that useful in
conversation like I said at the
beginning you need to use past
participles in order to demonstrate an
action in the present perfect for
instance saying yo abl means I have
spoken with e being the conjugation that
matches the yo pronoun and and abl being
the past participle Additionally you can
say to asido
Ando meaning you have eaten and he has
read again showing the proper
conjugation of a with a past participle
in both cases and basically the same
idea applies to any sentence you want to
say however there are a few things to
note about the present perfect tense in
Spanish that is slightly different in
English the past participle does not
change form when it's in the present
perfect it only changes once it's used
as an adjective because it has to match
the gender and plurality for instance I
can say a sentence like the doors are
closed lasas estas with the word SAS
matching the gender in plurality of puas
putting the sentence in the present
perfect will change the gender and
plurality based on the speaker so if I
as a man say the sentence it would be
Y and here I'm using S as a past
participle of myself and not as an
adjective in the previous phrase sadas
is in fact used as an adjective so
overall you have to watch out for these
ideas additionally when working in in
the present perfect tense in Spanish the
two elements of AED and a past
participle always have to be together
and can never be separated this means
that whenever you're working with
negatives and direct and indirect object
pronouns they will always come before a
in every sentence asking something likeo
means have you read the book and you can
reply with C Yol meaning yes I have read
it with Lo being the direct object
pronoun before a if you want to put a
negative in the phrase you can say
no no I have not read it you can also
use indirect object pronouns and say
something like John has told me it which
would be joh Meelo with me being an
indirect object pronoun and La being a
direct object pronoun if you want to
make the sentence negative you can say
joh no joh has not told me it either way
the construction with a and the past
participle always stays together and
never separates as always you can say
any sentence you want using the present
perfect in Spanish however there's one
last concept about the present perfect
that needs to be known and that is using
using the present perfect as to have had
something in English the verb to have
can mean a main verb like to have to do
something or to have something in
general or an additional verb like I
have read I have eaten and so on in
Spanish however you have two verbs for
these cases one being ten and one being
a which is different in English when you
only have the same word for both the
infinitive and the sentence in order to
say a sentence like I have had a lot of
friends it might be confusing for
students because they see two versions
of the verb to have which is have and
had but literally the way that you would
say the in Spanish
is much Amigos using as the proper
conjugation of for the Y pronoun and
using as a simple past participle of the
verb tet as you can see we have the verb
to have twice in English because it
functions with multiple meanings in
Spanish you have two verbs for this a
and t with one verb being conjugated to
match the pronoun and one being a past
participle and this is actually a
concept that I used to think about in
English I used to think of phrases like
I have to read and I have read and I
thought that the phrases in Spanish are
Y and and the reason why I thought this
way is because English has the same word
for have so it must be the same in
Spanish however I later learned that
Spanish has two versions for to have a
and and that you also have the present
perfect so I realized that the sentences
are and with being the verb in the
present perfect even though it's a small
difference it just shows you how simple
of a language English is when it's
compared to Spanish and there's more of
it to come the past perfect tense in
Spanish works the same way has the
present perfect tense but instead of
indicating what someone has done it
speaks about what someone had done hence
it's in the past like the present
perfect the past perfect also uses the
construction a plus a past participle
but in this case the verb a has to be
conjugated in a different way because
the past perfect speaks of the imperfect
past tense for yo you get yo ABIA I had
plus any past participle you want for
two you get to abas you had ABIA he had
no AB we had AB I y' had and AOS Aban
they had try not focusing on these
pronouns because they're not that useful
in conversation the past perfect is
often used with the word yah meaning
already to indicate that an action had
already occurred before another just
like the present perfect the past
perfect also maintains the construction
a plus a past participle which cannot be
separated therefore the word yah will
always come before this construction
saying a sentence
like means she had left already or she
already had left if you want to VIs
ually translate the sentence similarly I
can
say which means I had studied already or
I already had studied however these
sentences are too easy to utilize and
often times you'll see more complicated
phrases especially ones that involve the
conjunction an plus a noun or an
infinitive which means before for
instance saying an means before this
year which is an easy phrase to
understand but saying something like an
dear means before arriving and I can use
it in a sentence like an
before arriving to the school I had
eaten already
or much before this month I had worked a
lot of course you can say any sentence
you want using the past perfect in
Spanish including negatives reflexive
verbs and direct and indirect object
pronouns and as a matter of fact they're
used the same way as in the present
perfect saying a sentence like
El means he had shown me it with me and
lo being the object pronouns and if you
want to put a negative in the sentence
you can
say he never had shown me it or
no he had not shown me it Additionally
you can use reflexive verbs in the past
perfect by putting the object pronouns
of the verb before the construction a
plus a past participle a useful sentence
can
be before going to work I had taken a
shower and as you can see the
construction of a doesn't separate
because the object pronoun of the
reflexive verb is placed before for this
construction and the same idea applies
to every phrase that I've shown in the
video and any phrase that you want to
say personally however I don't recommend
using the past perfect with reflexive
verbs because there are not that many
sentences that you can make with them
let alone useful sentences even though I
don't like saying this quite often I
recommend not using the past perfect
when speaking Spanish conversationally
because it's a lot easier to express
your thoughts using the regular past
tense or the imperfect even though I did
not present many examples in the video I
believe that the past perfect is a tense
that's useful to know but but not that
useful to utilize because there are not
that many sentences that you can make in
the first place but that of course
depends on the context and just like I
concluded in the previous videos I used
to think of phrases like these in
English when I was learning Spanish
through English therefore I thought that
if the word had is the same in English
it must be the same in Spanish but
literally Spanish has three tenses for
these cases which completely changes the
word and now you can hopefully
understand why English is easier when
it's compared to Spanish and it's the
same process that I had to go through
the future tense in Spanish indicates an
action that will simply happen in the
future hence it's the simple future in
English it's a very simple concept
because it doesn't matter what verb we
use we always put the word will before
the verb which doesn't change the verb
itself in Spanish the future is a simple
tense consisting of one word which
doesn't really conjugate the verb but
rather keeps the form of the verb as the
infinitive and then add some letters
after it principally verbs in the future
tense in Spanish don't really get
conjugated but rather they change by
having letters after them the best thing
about the future tense in Spanish is
that it doesn't matter if we use an AR e
r or I verb stem changing or an
irregular yo verb the change to the verb
itself will stay the same across almost
every verb there is in Spanish for the Y
pronoun you keep the form of the verb
and then put the ending e with an accent
so that when you say the word the
emphasis is put on that accent for two
you put as with an accent for L you put
a with an accent for noos you put Emos
with no accent making it the only
pronoun in the future tense with no
accent for votos you put Ace with an
accent and for AOS you put an with an
accent with the future tense in Spanish
I recommend focusing on all pronouns
except votos because using any verb in
the future tense is very practical there
are however a few irregular verbs in the
future mainly ones that are simply mixed
up the best tip that I can give is to
just memorize these verbs because there
is no pattern to follow with any of them
but keep in mind that they still
maintain the same ending as for regular
verbs in the list you have verbs like
the meaning to say or to tell a to do or
to make to can to put to want sa to know
Sal to leave ten to have and venir to
come as far as I know these are the only
irregular verbs in the future tense and
here are some examples saying something
like I will do my homework will
be saying you will buy a house in the
future can
be saying he will be 30 years old will
be and we have to use the verb to
express having an age so watch out for
that
saying can mean we will learn Spanish
tomorrow with the word Manana helping us
indicate that the action is in the
future saying AOS
Vos can mean they will come if they want
saying y can mean I will give you it
using direct and indirect object
pronouns which will always come before
the verb saying El can mean he will take
a bath using a reflexive verb with the
object pronoun coming before the verb
ultimately there are many phrases that
you can make using the simple future
tense in Spanish and it's up to you to
say any phrase that you want because it
is not that hard to memorize finally
there's one last concept that I would
like to present that mainly has to do
with expressing your thoughts in the
future and how to think in Spanish in
terms of the future which doesn't really
require the simple future tense before
learning this tense I made a video about
the verb e talking about how to use the
verb to go in Spanish something that
I've mentioned over time with the verb
ear and something that people don't
realize when learning Spanish is that
the verb IR can effectively be used to
express the near future using the
construction plus an infinitive in the
present simple for instance I can say a
sentence
like meaning I'm going to eat in the
afternoon which indicates an action in
the near future using the infinitive
however we can in fact use the verb ear
as an infinitive to express the future
when speaking saying something like
y means I'm going to go to the school
which expressively shows the future in
context and the same idea applies to any
sentence that you want to say using Y
now instead of actively using this
phrase we can use the simple future
tense by simply saying
meaning I will go to the school as you
can see in order to express the future
when speaking we have two phrases that
can do so with one using the verb ear as
an infinitive I'm going to go and with
the other being the simple future I will
go and you don't really have to use the
verb ear you can say something
like she is going to walk but saying
means she will walk it doesn't matter
which phrase you say because you express
the future in the two sentences in case
you forget the simple future tense you
can use IR instead and vice versa person
personally I think it's best to use IR
because you don't have to change the
infinitive all you do is use and then
any verb you want whereas using the
simple future tense might require more
thinking because instead of conjugating
the verb you have to remember which
letter to place after the verb and it's
a lot to memorize this in fact is a
useful Lang hack either way this video
was about the simple future tense but
this hack is useful to express the
future and not so in the future simple
tense the future perfect tense in
Spanish speaks about what will have
happened at some point in the future in
English it's a tense that's it's not
used often but when it is it's a simple
concept because all we do is put the
construction will have and then we add
any participle that we want after in
Spanish however we have a slightly
different concept that again uses the
verb a but in the future perfect we use
a conjugation that is equivalent to both
of the words will have for the yo
pronoun we have the word AB which is a
conjugation of a plus any participle
that we want after for two we have abas
for El we have Abra for noos we have
abos with no accent making it the only
conjugation of a in the future perfect
with no accent for votos we have ab and
for AOS we have Aban as you can probably
tell by looking at the chart the ending
of all of these conjugations of a
perfectly correspond to the ending
pattern of verbs in the simple future
and that is because the future perfect
literally just copies the ending that
you would have for verbs in the simple
future for the verb a so it's really not
that difficult to memorize as always try
not focusing on these conjugations
because they're the least used ones in
conversation in Spanish a way that the
future perfect can be used effectively
is by using it with time expressions
like para and D which mean by and within
and then any time expression that you
want these constructions can help us
talk about what will have happened at
some point in the future saying
something
like can mean by Monday I will have
finished my tasks with El Lunes being
the time expression AB signifying the
words we'll have for y and terminado
being the participle similarly I can
say meaning Within within a year you
will have left your job using un as a
Time expression with the construction D
additionally I can
say Abra muchas which means by that date
John will have received many offers with
esaa being the time expression as always
the same concept applies to any phrase
that you want to say using the future
perfect tense in Spanish even though I
did not present many examples in this
video and only concentrated on the first
three pronouns the future perfect tense
is one of the least used ones in Spanish
mainly because no one uses it in actual
conversation as a matter of fact I did
not present any sentences involving
negatives reflexive verbs and object
pronouns mostly because it's impossible
to make a logical phrase using these
ideas in the future perfect if anything
the future perfect is a tense that is
useful to know but not useful to utilize
simply because it's used in rare cases
when talking about actions that are
guaranteed and completed by some point
in the future both literally and
conversationally the future perfect is
not used very often if ever which is why
it's useful to understand understand how
it works but not so much to use the
conditional tense in Spanish indicates
what one would do or what would happen
in a situation in English it's a very
simple concept because it doesn't matter
what verb we use we always put the word
would before the verb which doesn't
change the verb itself in Spanish the
conditional is a tense that has only one
word which doesn't really get conjugated
but rather keeps the form of the verb as
the infinitive and then adds some
letters after it as a matter of fact its
modification pattern is similar to the
simple future tense where verbs don't
get conjugated but rather they change by
having letters after them just like the
simple future tense it doesn't matter if
we use a r e r or I verbs stem changing
or irregular yo verbs the change to the
verbs themselves will stay the same
across almost every verb there is in
Spanish for the yo pronoun you keep the
form of the verb and put the ending I
with an accent so that when you say the
word the emphasis is put on that accent
for two you putas with an accent for L
you put with an accent for noos you
putos for Vos you put and for AOS you
putan with the conditional tense in
Spanish I recommend focusing on all
pronouns except Vos because using any
verb in the conditional tense is very
useful however there are a few irregular
verbs and believe it or not the
irregular verbs that you have in the
conditional tense are the same ones that
you have in the future tense meaning
that it's easier to memorize these verbs
nonetheless the conditional tense has a
different conjugation pattern unlike the
future tense similarly there is no
pattern to follow with any of these
verbs but they still have the same
ending as for regular verbs in the list
you have
meaning to say or to tell a to do or to
make to can p to put to want sa to know
Sal to leave T to have and ven to come
as far as I know these are the only
irregular verbs in the conditional which
are literally the same verbs as in the
future tense and the most useful cases
to use in the conditional are in
questions likeo meaning would you go
with me and you can reply with
C yes I would go with you you can also
ask something like
meaning would he buy that car and you
can reply with
C yes he would buy that car additionally
we can ask Vian AOS and eston meaning
would they live in this region and you
can reply with C AOS Vian and eston yes
they would live in this region we can
also use the conditional tense with
irregular verbs like
saying meaning we would want a plate
please or
maybe you would say that this lesson is
good a popular phrase that comes up in
the conditional tense
is without you I don't know what I would
do and this sentence actually has a
negative and uses the verb as said which
is irregular in the conditional just
like with every other tense the
conditional can likewise function with
negatives and object pronouns and by far
the most practical and useful
application of the conditional is the
verb P which is commonly used to make
polite Expressions asking something
like can mean could you open the window
and you can reply with see y
yes I could open the window or maybe if
you want to reply negatively you can say
no no I could not open the window or
maybe you can use a direct object
pronoun instead like saying
no or
no no I could not open it with the
direct object pronoun being attached to
the infinitive or put before the verb
which is possible in the conditional
tense in case you want to include an
indirect object pronoun you can likewise
do so by asking daro or Melo
could you give me it and you can reply
with
no or
no no I could not give you it as you can
see the object pronouns can either be
put before the conjugated verb or
attached to the infinitive and the same
idea applies to any other sentence that
you want to say at last you can use the
conditional tense with reflexive verbs
like saying I would take a bath you
would go out and we would have fun these
sentences use reflexive verbs and the
way that you would say them in Spanish
is by putting the object pronoun before
the conjugated verb May
and practically however I don't
recommend using reflexive verbs because
there's nothing much you can do with
them but it is important to know how
they work in the conditional the
conditional perfect tense in Spanish
indicates what would have happened or
what one would have done in English it's
a tense that's not used often but when
it is it's a simple concept because all
we do is put the construction would have
and then we add any participle that we
want after in Spanish however we have a
slightly different concept that again
uses the verb a but in the conditional
perfect we use a conjugation that is
equivalent to both of the words would
have for the Y pronoun we have the word
abria which is a conjugation of a plus
any participle that we want after for
two we have abas for L we have abria for
noos we have abos Vos Abri and AOS Abri
as you can probably tell by looking at
the chart the ending of all of these
conjugations of a perfectly correspond
to the ending pattern of verbs in the
simple conditional and that is because
the conditional perfect literally just
copies the ending that you would have
for verbs in the conditional so it's
really not that difficult to memorize as
always try not focusing on these
conjugations because they're the least
used ones in conversation in Spanish a
way that the conditional perfect can be
used effectively is by expressing an
action that would have happened but did
not saying something like
y would mean I would have finished my
job with ABA being the conjugation that
matches the Y pronoun additionally I can
say
to which means you would have enjoyed
being there with abas matching the
pronoun too or maybe we can say Aya
abria abto Las Ventanas meaning she
would have opened the windows with abria
matching the pronoun Aya and with
abierto being an irregular participle as
always the same concept applies to any
phrase that you want to say using the
conditional perfect tense in Spanish
even though I did not present many
examples in this video the conditional
perfect is one of the least used tenses
in Spanish mainly because no one uses it
in actual conversation just like with
the future perfect tense I did not
present any sentences involving
negatives reflexive verbs and object
pronouns mostly because it's impossible
to make a logical phrase using these
ideas if anything the conditional
perfect is a tense that is useful to
know but not useful to utilize so that's
that K and lo in Spanish both mean what
but sometimes K can mean that without an
accent as a conjunction however they
cannot be used interchangeably because
while K is the most used conjunction Lo
has a bit of a different meaning
indicating what in the beginning or
middle of a sentence and I'll get to
that in a bit first I'd like to discuss
the word K while K can mean what with an
accent without the accent it means that
as a conjunction meaning that it's
expressing a subordinate clause and
similarly it's used the same way in
Spanish typically it's used in long
sentences especially when we use a lot
of Spanish ideas at once and so we can
have phrases like I will use the phone
that I bought with the word that being
the conjunction in Spanish the sentence
will literally and Visually be the
same as you can see is used as that the
same way in English technically speaking
however the phrase in English can be
said and written without the conjunction
I'll use the phone I bought but
realistically we always have included
especially in Spanish saying the
sentence without the conjunction
signifies an incomplete phrase and
that's why the conjunction is needed and
here are more sentences that incorporate
intermediate Spanish concepts with K how
would you say the phrase he wants the
book that is on the
Shelf with that and expressing the
subordinate clause and with the sentence
literally following the same pattern as
in Spanish how would you say the house
that you see is
big is Grande this sentence was an easy
one now now how would you say we went to
a restaurant that is
expensive how would you say the phrase
they will do the job that they
have now how would you say I have taken
the medicine that the doctor gave
me this sentence was a bit difficult
because it used the present perfect the
past a direct object pronoun and the
conjunction K if you got the sentence
right then you did a good job and if not
now you can learn how phrases work with
the conjunction and here's one last
sentence that's a bit tricky how would
you say the phrase I see that that man
is
standing the reason why the sentence is
complicated is because in English we
have the word that which is used twice
but with different meanings the first
that is a conjunction and the second
that is a demonstrative adjective even
though it's a tricky concept that
English students have to deal with it's
pretty normal in Spanish this idea just
shows how English is simple because it
repeats one word multiple times but with
different meanings in other languages
especially in Spanish you have other
words for these cases but not in English
that's how K as a conjunction Works in
Spanish now we have the words Lo which
mean what but not in the definite form
even though many Educators give these
words different definitions my
explanation of Lo is very simple Lo in
Spanish is used as what but not in
question form and most of the time it's
put in the beginning or middle of a
sentence to visually show what I want to
say here's a simple sentence consisting
of the word quando which means when
qu when I was young I had a dog in this
sentence I'm using the word when not as
a question but as a conjunction
especially in Spanish when it doesn't
have an accent this sentence can still
maintain its meaning even if you switch
the phrases like saying I had a dog when
I was
young both in English and Spanish the
conjunction when keeps its meaning and
doesn't change to a question with this
concept in mind this is literally and
exactly how lo is used in Spanish and
here are some examples how would you say
the phrase what I want is a
house is now if you were to switch the
phrases and keep the meaning how would
you do so a house is what I want is in
both sentences what is used in the
beginning or middle of the sentence the
same way Lo is used in Spanish that's
how lo Works in Spanish and hopefully
I'm making this concept as easy as
possible here are more sentences how
would you say you don't know what you
want now how would you rephrase the
sentence with what in the beginning what
you want you don't know Lo
how would you say the phrase he has to
do what he needs to
do now how would you rephrase it what he
needs to do he has to
do how would you say what they need is
something to
eat and now how would you rephrase it
something to eat is what they need Al
is how would you say I did not see what
you gave
me and now how would you rephrase it
what you gave me I did not
see Y and finally here's a generic
phrase that I've said previously in the
video how would you say to visually show
what I want to
say this sentence unlike others cannot
be rephrased but it does show how lo can
be used in other sentences too so that's
that in this video and the videos after
this one I'll be explaining the
subjunctive in Spanish which is the last
most difficult concept ending all of my
Topics in Spanish typically it's a
concept that students students learn in
intermediate Spanish before learning the
future tenses however I decided to keep
it until the end because of its
difficulty and after I'm done with it
I'll compile all of my Spanish videos
into one long video that has every
Spanish principle the reason why the
subjunctive is so hard is because it has
a lot of variations more than any other
tense in Spanish that have shown on this
channel unlike the past tense which has
three and the future tense which has a
couple the subjunctive has a total of
four variations that need to be shown
individually in this video I'll only
explain the principles of the
subjunctive and individual after this
one I'll explain each topic individually
before learning how to make sentences in
the subjunctive we need to understand
its formation and the variations that it
has as far as I know in the subjunctive
there are only four ways that it can
change there's the present subjunctive
the past subjunctive the present perfect
subjunctive and the past perfect
subjunctive there also used to be a
future subjunctive in Spanish which is
now Obsolete and being replaced by the
present subjunctive overall just know
that these are the variations of the
subjunctive I already made videos about
the present and the past in Spanish and
so some concepts are more useful than
others however after this video I'll
explain each tense separately because
there's a lot to know in this video I
will not focus on any of these tenses
because I'll just explain how the
subjunctive Works in general by
presenting its fundamentals you might
have heard some teachers explaining the
subjunctive as a mood that expresses the
speaker's attitude towards events
actions and states that are uncertain or
hypothetical despite other Educators
explaining the subjunctive differently I
do not like any of these explanations
because they tend to confuse students
rather than make them understand the
subject matter properly I recommend that
all of you ignore these definitions
because my definition of the subjunctive
is far simpler but keep in mind that
this explanation makes perfect sense to
me I apologize if it doesn't make sense
to you but it should help you understand
the subjunctive better the easiest way
to spot a subjunctive sentence is
through this construction subject verb
plus that plus subject verb in Spanish
the phrase will be subject verb plus K
plus subject verb this is the type of
phrase that you will see all the time
which activates the subjunctive meaning
that a sentence can start with any
subject and any verb and continue with
any subject and any verb aside from Vos
however this is where we need to pay
close attention to the details in order
to fully understand what activates the
subjunctive and what doesn't just
because a sentence has a subject verb
plus ke plus a subject and a verb it
does not mean that the phrase will be in
the subjunctive mainly because we have
to pay close attention to the first verb
in the sentence in order to have a
sentence that is activated in the
subjunctive the first verb in the
sentence conjugated with its pronoun
must be a verb of will emotion influence
recommendation or doubt disbelief and
denial a simple way to remember this is
by using the word weird the initial
letter of every category combines into
the word weird so you must have a verb
that comes from this list if a verb does
not come from weird the subjunctive is
not activated and here's what I mean we
can have a sentence like I believe that
you ate which in Spanish would
be in this case the phrase is not in the
subjunctive because the verb doesn't
come from weird it's simply a verb that
expresses an opinion not to mention that
the second verb in the phrase is
conjugated properly therefore it's not
in the subjunctive similarly we can say
I know that you ate which would
be this sentence also doesn't activate
the subjunctive because sa means to know
factually and therefore it does not come
from weird in these cases you have to
find verbs that activate the subjunctive
and these have to be verbs of will
emotion influence recommendation or
doubt disbelief and denial based on my
experience in Spanish these are the most
common verbs that activate the
subjunctive which means that they can
begin with literally any subject in
Spanish obviously I'm not including
every verb on theist list but these are
the most common verbs used to express
the subjunctive if you see a sentence
starting with any of these verbs and
with any subject the sentence will be in
the subjunctive if you see a sentence
that doesn't start with any of these
verbs or from verbs that don't come from
weird it will not be in the subjunctive
that's the first thing you should know
about the subjunctive in Spanish the
second thing you should know about the
subjunctive is something that is related
to the construction subject verb K
subject verb in this typical phrase the
second verb must be modified in the most
irregular way possible especially in the
present and past subjunctive considering
that the first verb comes from weird
which activates the subjunctive the
second verb in the sentence has to
change in a completely different way
unlike any other way that I've shown on
this channel however I will not present
this way in this video I'll present it
in the videos after this one considering
that there are four tenses of the
subjunctive to begin with additionally
this part of the phrase can literally
consist of any subject and any verb
considering that I said that the second
verb has to get modified in the most
irregular way this means that you will
have to not only memorize every
conjugation of every verb but you will
also have to understand how stem
changing and irregular verbs are used in
the second part of the phrase within
every tense the pattern completely
changes in the present subjunctive which
is different from the past subjunctive
and so on this is what makes the
subjunctive the most difficult Concept
in Spanish considering that you have a
subjunctive phrase mainly consisting of
a subject verb K subject verb the second
part of the phrase can literally begin
with any subject and any verb that has
to not only correspond to the subject
but also be modified in a completely
different way if you think about it then
you have stem changing IR yo verbs and
irregular verbs in general and on top of
all of that you have four tenses that
change each verb in a different way I
apologize if it sounds too confusing but
that's the best way that I can describe
the subjunctive there are no examples in
this video because I'm simply going over
the principles of the subjunctive but I
will provide many useful phrases in the
videos after this one mainly consisting
of one useful verb from each category of
weird moreover there's a third concept
you should know in the subjunctive and
that is separate phrases that can still
activate the subjunctive which is
different than subject verb k subject
verb like I said previously just because
the phrase begins with a subject verb K
subject verb it doesn't automatically
mean that the phrase is subjunctive
sometimes we can have phrases that begin
with a main clause and end with a
subordinate clause in order to indicate
what activates the subjunctive and these
phrases can be S necessar Plus subject
verb s important plus subject verb and
so on obviously there are more sentences
that activate the subjunctive using
other Expressions conjunctions and even
adjective Clauses but I will not talk
about them in this video and future
videos because it's simply too excessive
and impractical what you should know are
the most utilized expressions in the
subjunctive just to understand how the
subjunctive functions and of course
there are sentences similar to these
Expressions that do not activate the
subjunctive like it's a fact that you
ate this sentence looks like it's going
to activate the subjunctive but it's
really not so make sure that you watch
out for these ideas and so finally this
is everything you should know and
understand about the subjunctive in
Spanish and this is why it's the most
difficult Concept in Spanish at first in
order to activate the subjunctive you
need to have a sentence that has a
subject verb can subject verb or a
general main Clause that supports a
subordinate clause like s necess okay
subject verb secondly if you were to use
the first construction then the first
verb in the sentence would have to be a
verb of will emotion influence
recommendation or doubt disbelief and
denial also known as weird if a verb
does not come from weird the subjunctive
is not activated however if it is
activated the second verb of the
sentence absolutely must be modified in
the oddest way possible depending on the
tense that you want to utilize the
second part of either phrase can consist
of literally any subject and any verb
and the verb must be conjugated the
proper way depending on the subject and
the tense whether it's in the present
past present perfect or past perfect to
recap what I've just said this is the
reason why the subjunctive in Spanish is
the most difficult concept hands down it
has four tenses it must have a verb
coming from weird or a general main
Clause the second part can consist of
any subject and any verb and the second
verb has to get conjugated depending on
the tense this is everything that you
should know about the subjunctive in
Spanish and in the videos after this one
I'll go in depth and explain each
variation as easily as I can in order to
make your learning as easy as possible
in this video I'll explain how all types
of verbs work in the present subjunctive
in Spanish which is a continuation from
the previous video where I talked about
the principles of the subjunctive and
understanding how it functions in these
upcoming videos I'll be covering each
tense of the subjunctive starting from
the present all the way to the Past
Perfect while showing useful sentences
and explaining the concept of each tense
the present subjunctive is the first
tense that is learned conceptually but
it's actually one of the hardest
concepts of the subjunctive mainly
because it has a lot of irregular verbs
including irregular y verbs verbs ending
in k g and S stem changing and irregular
verbs in general like I said in the
previous video you will have to memorize
every conjugation of every verb because
the second part of the phrase subject
verb K subject verb can have any pronoun
and any verb however in order to
activate the subjunctive the first verb
in the sentence would have to be a verb
coming from weird which I showed in the
previous video before showing sentences
in the present subjunctive we need to
understand how every type of verb
functions in the present subjunctive in
the second part of the sentence
beginning with regular a r e r and i
verbs all the way to irregular verbs in
general regular a r e r and i verbs in
the present subjunctive are conjugated
similarly to negative two commands by
changing the ending to the opposite type
of the verb itself for regular a verbs
you keep the same ending as you would in
the present simple but instead of having
an A in every conjugation you need to
change it to e taking the verb abl as an
example instead of keeping its form in
the present simple we have to change
only one vowel so that it matches the
present subjunctive y means I speak in
the present subjunctive to AES means you
speak El means he speaks and so on
that's how regular a verbs work in the
present subjunctive for regular eer and
I verbs you keep the same ending as you
would in the present simple but instead
of having an e or E we need to change
the vowel to a taking the ver
and VI in the present subjunctive we
have to change only one vowel yoa or Y
via means I eat or I live toas or to
Vivas means you eat or you live and so
on that's how regular eer and I verbs
work in the present subjunctive and if
you take a closer look you can probably
tell that only one letter changes in
these verbs so it's basically a switch
between the types of verbs that's how
regular verbs function in the present
subjunctive specifically in the second
part of the phrase subject verb K
subject verb or a main Clause plus
subject verb now that I showed how
regular verbs work in the present
subjunctive you'll have to memorize this
pattern because you will have to use it
all the time whenever you want to say a
sentence in the present subjunctive
using any pronoun and any regular a eer
or IR verb that's the first concept of
the present subjunctive the second
concept of the present subjunctive is
irregular yo verbs which are similar to
nootro commands obviously I will not put
every irregular yo verb on the list
because you don't need all of them
instead I'll give the most useful verbs
which include cond
and of course there's other verbs that
will follow these irregular patterns but
you don't need to know them what makes
irregular y verbs more difficult than
regular verbs is the way they're
conjugated for every pronoun and the way
that you have to memorize their pattern
typically irregular yo verbs are only
irregular in the yo pronoun in the
present simple taking the verb conduc in
the present simple every word is
conjugated normally except in the yo
pronoun yo condus in the present
subjunctive however you will have to
take the ending of of the conjugation of
the yo pronoun and repeated across every
pronoun additionally because cond is an
IR verb we have to put the opposite
ending from A and E to a so that it
corresponds to every pronoun in the
present subjunctive conduc will look
like this Y cond toas elusa and so on as
you can see we took the irregular
conjugation of the Y pronoun from the
present simple and put it at the end of
every conjugation in the present
subjunctive additionally we also change
the vowel in the end from from A and E
to a in order to maintain the proper
conjugation of every pronoun that's the
system of conjugating irregular y verbs
in the present subjunctive and as I said
in the previous video you will have to
memorize every conjugation of every
pronoun because any pronoun aside from
votos can be used in the present
subjunctive now that you hopefully
understand this concept let's finish the
rest of the irregular y verbs in the
present subjunctive together let's take
the verb from what have shown how to
conjugate the verb the in the present
subjunctive in case you're having
trouble remember to to take the
conjugation of the yo pronoun from the
present simple apply the ending to every
pronoun and change the vowel at the end
to match the pronoun in the present
subjunctive the will look like this
Y and so on like I said previously you
will have to memorize every conjugation
of every pronoun after the we have the
verb how would you conjugate this verb
in the present
subjunctive
toas and so on now how would you
conjugate
o y o
to and so on how do you conjugate the
verb
to and so on how do you conjugate the
verb and so on how do you conjugate
V
Yas Ela and so on and finally how do you
conjugate
ver and so on this is the entire concept
of how irregular y verbs function in the
present subjunctive and like I say all
the time you need to memorize all of
these conjugations because any pronoun
can be used in the present subjunctive
of course there's other irregular y
verbs in the present subjunctive but we
don't need to cover all of them that's
the second concept of the present
subjunctive the third concept of the
present subjunctive is verbs that end in
K G and S and these verbs have a
spelling change in every conjugation an
easy way to memorize them is by using
the irregular conjugation of the yo
pronoun from the past simple to make
your learning much simp I'm going to use
one verb from each category to show how
the system functions let's take the verb
marar in order to put this verb in the
present subjunctive we have to take its
irregular form in the yo pronoun from
the past simple and replicate it across
every pronoun and then change the vowel
at the end so that it matches the
pronoun marar in the present subjunctive
will
be
to and so on that's the spelling change
that this verb has along with the vowel
change in the end now let's take the
verb pagar how would you conjugate this
verb in the present subjunctive
Y and so on that's the spelling change
that this verb has at last let's take
the verb Oran how would you conjugate it
in the present
subjunctive or Oran Oran and so on
that's the third concept of the present
subjunctive the fourth concept of the
present subjunctive is stem changing
verbs which I think is the easiest
mainly because they have the same
changes as they do in the present simple
except when changing the vowel in the
end taking verbs like pensar and
the only difference between these verbs
in the present simple and the present
subjunctive is the ending stem changing
verbs function the same way as in the
present simple except with the vowel
change at the end y becomes y y becomes
Y and the same idea applies to the rest
of the conjugations into to any other
stem changing verb however there are a
few exceptions involving verbs ending in
IR that change their stem in the noos
and votos pronouns these verbs can go
from E to e like ped from E to E like
and from o to like there could be other
verbs in the present subjunctive that
follow these patterns but you don't need
to know all of them that's how stem
changing verbs work in the present
subjunctive and now we get to irregular
verbs in general which have little to no
pattern to follow at all so you will
have to remember them as they are in
this category there are only five verbs
EST and in the present subjunctive the
verb EST will look like this EST EST EST
and so on what makes EST irregular in
the present subjunctive is the presence
of accents except noos nonetheless it's
a simple verb to memorize after estar we
have the verb Dar which looks like
this and so on after we have the verb
which copies the same pattern as the
verb
ver and so on after we have the verb
which has a pattern similar to its form
in the past simple y
to and so on and finally we have the
verb which by by far is the most
irregular verb in the present
subjunctive y to El and so on even
though you can technically find a
pattern in some of these verbs I
recommend just memorizing them in one
motion and right now I covered the fifth
and final concept of the present
subjunctive in this video in the video
before this one I explained how the
subjunctive Works in Spanish by talking
about its tenses verbs and conjugations
that you all have to know understand and
memorize even though I did not present
any sentences in this video I did give a
sufficient amount of information in
order to understand how the present
subjunctive works and how all types of
verbs function in it in the next video
I'll only show phrases and sentences in
order to fully finish the concept of the
present subjunctive for your information
there will not be any sentences
involving negatives and reflexive verbs
mainly because they're not that useful
in the present subjunctive and also
because there is no irregular concept
with them so that's it in this video
I'll be presenting sentences that are
only in the present subjunctive in my
two previous videos I explained the
subjunctive in Spanish along with the
types of verbs that are used in the
present subjunctive in case you don't
remember the construction subject verb K
subject verb or a main Clause K subject
verb is the typical phrase that you will
see in the subjunctive however to
activate the subjunctive the first verb
must come from weird and these are the
most common weird verbs which I've shown
in the previous videos instead of using
every verb I'll be showing one useful
sentence using a different pronoun and
one verb from each category to
demonstrate sentences in the present
subjunctive let's take the following
phrases y subject verb to
subject
verb and these are the sentences that
I'll utilize throughout the video the
first verbs in these cases all activate
the present subjunctive and match their
pronouns the second part however is any
form of the subjunctive consisting of
any subject and any verb but in this
case it's in the present just to let you
know when I'll be showing these
sentences in context I'll use the system
of conjugation for every type of verb
that I showed in the previous video
without actually saying what type of
verb I'm using to make practice more
legit in case you don't remember you can
always watch the previous video and one
last thing that I can add is that
sometimes I'll be implementing other
Spanish Concepts in a few main Clauses
just to make practice more beneficial
now let's begin with the following
phrases and work backwards take a look
at this phrase y Estus espanol this
phrase is already in Spanish with two
Estus being the subject and the verb and
with estud being an AR verb that is
conjugated for the two pronoun in the
present subjunctive how would you say
this phrase in
English now here we have two options
first if you want to visually translate
the sentence then you can say I want
that you study Spanish but it doesn't
really make sense to say that even
though it technically works on the other
hand the second option is more logical
in English but it doesn't work visually
in Spanish I want you to study Spanish
using a complete infinitive to study
while it doesn't matter which phrase you
say because both are correct I'll focus
on both of them because we'll sometimes
have cases when the two sentences can be
applied making it logical and practical
how would you say this phrase I want him
to use it
and the other way to write this is I
want that he uses it how would you say
one of these
phrases how would you say this
phrase this sentence visually makes
sense both in English and Spanish how
would you say this
phrase how would you say
this now how do you say this
phrase how would you say this
phrase now let's get a bit more complex
how do you say one of these
phrases this phrase was a bit hard
because we had to put a direct object
pronoun in the beginning along with an
irregular y verb in the present
subjunctive how would you say one of
these
phrases how do you say this
phrase this sentence visually makes
sense how would you say
this how do you say
this
how would you say
this how about this
phrase what about this
one how would you say
this what about
this how about this one
what about
this now let's get more complex how do
you say one of these
phrases and now how would you say one of
these how would you say one of
these
how about
this solos how about this
one what about
this in this case if you wanted to you
could have put the direct object pronoun
before the conjugated verb what about
this
phrase Ando how about this
phrase and what about this
one for the final sentences this is
where I'll show some general main
Clauses that have a subject and a verb
after how would you say this
phrase what about this
phrase how about this one
what about
this and the final example in this video
is this
one and here this is where every
concept of the present subjunctive comes
to an end even though the phrases in
this video were sort of one-dimensional
and sometimes not that relevant my goal
was just to present the system of the
present subjunctive at the end of the
day it's up to you to make make any
sentence that you want using any subject
and any verb because this is how you're
supposed to think whenever you learn new
language Concepts even though some
sentences did not make sense my goal was
to give the idea of the present
subjunctive and from there you could
have said anything that you wanted and
it will be the same idea for the next
tenses of the subjunctive I could have
extended the video by talking about the
present subjunctive using different
Expressions conjunctions and adjective
Clauses but I chose not to because it's
an even trickier topic that will
probably confuse you even more so that's
that the past subjunctive in Spanish
also known as the imperfect subjunctive
speaks of multiple Clause sentences that
Express States and conditions
considering that you need a verb coming
from weird in order to activate it in my
opinion the past subjunctive is the
second hardest topic of the subjunctive
mainly because it has two conjugation
patterns and a big list with exceptions
that are irregular the past subjunctive
works the same way as the present
subjunctive which I explained in the
previous videos but this time it's in
the past or predate tense in the video I
will cover every concept along with
multiple phrases in the end for regular
ar verbs you drop the ending of the verb
and add the following endings
Aras aramos being the only conjugation
with an accent AR and Aran let's take
the verb a which is a regular AR verb
how would you conjugate a in the past
subjunctive
Yas
noos and AOS in case you need to
conjugate any other regular AR verb in
the past subjunctive now you know how
now we have regular e r and ir verbs
which follow the same conjugation
pattern you drop the ending of the verbs
and put the following
endings again making it the only
conjugation with an accent and let's
take the verbs and how would you
conjugate them in the past subjunctive Y
andas and two vivieras elier and El VI
and so on in case you need to conjugate
any other regular e or IR verb in the
past subjunctive now you know how
however now comes the big list that is
full of exceptions which are both
irregular and stem Chang in especially
ir verbs of course I will not include
every verb on the list because you don't
need all of them but it is significant
to know the most useful ones because
there is no conjugation pattern to
follow I recommend just memorizing them
as they are in the list you have verbs
like Dar meaning to give the meaning to
say or to tell AAR meaning to be a
meaning to do or to make e and said
meaning to go and to be and as you can
see they follow the same pattern because
in case you don't remember ir and s in
the past simple tense follow the same
pattern in the past subjunctive however
the pattern is somewhat similar next we
have P meaning to can p meaning to put
sa meaning to know ten meaning to have
and ven meaning to come after you
memorize these verbs there are stem
changing ir verbs that have irregular
stem changing patterns but I'm obviously
not including every verb in this list
you have verbs like pref meaning to
prefer D meaning to sleep meaning to
drive meaning to believe and meaning to
hear these are all the types of verbs
that you have to know understand and
memorize with every pronoun and
conjugation before making actual
sentences we have to understand that the
past subjunctive is used the same way as
the present subjunctive except that it
talks about actions events or conditions
that already happened in the past this
means that whenever we speak of the past
subjunctive the entire phrase needs to
be in the past simple or past imperfect
in order to activate it just like in the
present subjunctive the whole sentence
is in the present simple and it's the
same idea with the past every sentence
in the past subjunctive must fully be in
the past simple or past imperfect so
make sure that you pay attention to each
phrase now I can show you a few phrases
and after you get the idea then you can
make any sentence that you want take a
look at this phrase
Y how would you say this phrase in
English just like in the present
subjunctive there's two options first
you can visually translate the sentence
and say I wanted that you speak with me
but if you want to sound logical then
you can say I wanted you to speak with
me unlike the present subjunctive both
phrases have the same form of the verb
which is actually in the past because
the two phrases begin in the past this
is why the past subjunctive is one of
the hardest Concepts to understand
because in Spanish you have one form of
the sentence with a very odd conjugated
verb but in English there are multiple
options just like in the present
subjunctive I will focus on both phrases
because the two sentences can be applied
similarly how would you say this
phrase as a reminder because we're
working in the past tense we can have
sentences that are either in the past
simple or past imperfect which is why
you see the sentence starting with a
verb coming from weird being in the
perfect tense sometimes we have the past
simple and sometimes the imperfect and
it's up to you to decide which tense is
correct to use how would you say this
sentence how would you say
this how do you say one of
these how do you say
this
now let's try to use some of the
irregular verbs how would you say this
phrase how would you say
this how about this
one this sentence was a bit hard because
we had the word dud which means we doubt
and we doubted and so the meaning
changes in context and also because we
use the progressive tense that is you
were speaking which uses the verb in the
past how about one of
these how about this
one in this sentence we have which comes
from and but in this case we can tell
that it's ear now how about this
one in this casea is derived from said
because it speaks of a permanent feeling
even though the sentence in English
doesn't really make sense when you
visually usually translated into Spanish
how about this
one if you wanted you could have placed
the object pronoun before the conjugated
verb how about one of
these how about this
one what about
this what about one of
these
now let's finish the past subjunctive
with irregular stem changing verbs along
with a few General main Clauses in the
past how would you say
this this sentence doesn't really make
sense to say but I'm showing it just so
you can understand irregular verbs in
the past subjunctive how do you say
this how about one of
these
how about
this me what about
this at last let's finish with three
main Clauses how do you say
this how about
this the last one how would you say
this pya finally this is where every
concept of the past subjunctive comes to
an end just like I said in the previous
videos even though some phrases didn't
make sense to say my goal was just to
present the system of the past
subjunctive at the end of the day after
you understand the idea it's up to you
to make any sentence that you want using
any subject and any verb in the past
subjunctive not to mention that the past
subjunctive in Spanish is a concept that
is useful to understand and useful to
utilize so that's that the present
perfect subjunctive in Spanish talks
about what someone has done or what has
happened in the subjunctive form just
just like the regular present perfect
the present perfect subjunctive is
formed using the verb a and the past
participle expressing an action that
recently has happened despite being part
of the subjunctives in my opinion the
present perfect subjunctive is one of
the easiest topics to understand because
the same conditions activated as in the
normal present perfect unlike the
present perfect the verb a in this case
needs to be conjugated differently in
the present perfect subjunctive instead
of these conjugations you have these
ones yo a in the present perfect
subjunctive would mean I have and then a
past participle to a would mean you have
El he has noos we have Vos a y'all have
and AOS aan they have in the present
perfect subjunctive I recommend focusing
on all pronouns except votos because
they're very useful to know in Spanish
just like the normal present subjunctive
sentences in the present perfect
subjunctive must all be in some form of
the present because the action is
occurring before it's expressed in the
main clause in other words every verb
within a phrase has to be in the present
form and here's what I mean let's take
the sentence I hope that you have slept
well how would you say it in
Spanish with being a weird verb ASAS
being a conjugation of a and Doro being
the past participle the convenient part
is that unlike the previous subjunctives
that I've shown both in English and
Spanish there's only one way to express
the two sentences because all verbs in
the two phrases are in the present and
they all have to remain as they do in
English you can technically say I hope
that you slept well but when you put
this phrase in Spanish it will not
activate the subjunctive because you
have two different tenses I hope is in
the present and you slept is in the past
and these two forms do not allow the
subjunctive to be activated which is why
we have to include the present perfect
you have slept now the sentence has one
whole tense which allows for the
subjunctive unlike the previous videos
that I've done about the subjunctive in
this video I will not present too many
phrases because the present perfect
subjunctive is one of the least used
Topics in Spanish some of the sentences
that you will see will randomly be made
with verbs that come from weird and with
a few phrases having a general main
Clause so watch out for that how would
you say this
phrase how about this
phrase what about this
one how about
this what about
this
how would you say
this how about
this this sentence was a bit tricky
because there's a negative and the
direct object pronoun which are both
placed before the conjugated verbs in
case you don't remember the present
perfect subjunctive functions the same
way as the regular present perfect which
means that the phrase a plus a past
participle cannot be split apart this is
is the reason why negatives and object
pronouns are always placed before this
construction how would you say
this how about this
phrase once again we have a direct
object pronoun coming before the
conjugated verb here's the last phrase
for the video how would you say
it this sentence was the trickiest
because it had a negative and two object
pronouns which were all put before the
conjugative verb conversationally it
will not be as difficult as this so this
is the most that you have to know and
understand with the present perfect
subjunctive even though it's a
subjunctive the present perfect has very
minimal use in the subjunctive itself
mainly because it's not used that often
and like I always say it's a concept
that is more useful to Know Than to use
so that's that the past perfect
subjunctive in Spanish speaks about what
someone had done or what had happened in
the subjunctive form like the present
perfect subjunctive the past perfect
subjunctive also uses the construction a
plus a past participle but in this case
the verb a has to be conjugated
differently because the past perfect
subjunctive speaks of the imperfect past
tense y UA in the past perfect
subjunctive would mean I had and then a
past participle to uas you had El U he
had
noos we
had y'all had andos they had in the past
perfect subjunctive I recommend not
focusing on these pronouns because
they're not that useful in conversation
just like the regular past perfect the
past perfect subun indicates actions
that had taken place before another
action in the past additionally
sentences in the past perfect
subjunctive must all be in some form of
the past because the action occurred
before being expressed in the main
clause in other words every verb within
a phrase has to be in the imperfect form
which is similar to the present perfect
subjunctive where every verb within a
phrase is in the present in this case
we're working in the past and because
the past perfect subjunctive is one of
the least used Topics in Spanish and
also because it's the final Spanish
concept that I will cover I will present
just a few sentences in this video the
sentences that you will see will
randomly be made with verbs that come
from weird and with a few phrases having
a general main Clause how would you say
this
phrase how about this
phrase what about this
one this sentence was a bit tricky
because it's put in question form along
with using ABIA as the phrase there was
in the imperfect tense how would you say
this
phrase
no this sentence was a bit hard because
we had to use double negatives in
Spanish and also because it wasn't clear
who the subject was in the phrase here's
the last example for this video how
would you say it in
Spanish this sentence was also a bit
hard because we had to use era as the
imperfect tense of was and also because
we had a direct object pronoun L coming
before the construction a plus a past
participle conversationally it will not
be as difficult as this so it's a
concept that is more useful to Know Than
to use so that's that and here this is
where the final Spanish concept and all
of its fundamentals come to an end
throughout all of the videos that I've
done for the past few months I basically
covered every Spanish principle and
concept that one has to know when
learning Spanish beginning with my
Spanish fundamentals video all the way
to now I demonstrated what is it like to
learn the basis of any language before
actively speaking it in this case
Spanish like I've always said previously
before learning to speak any language
everyone has to know and understand the
fundamentals of the language and that's
exactly what I've shown over time all of
my previous videos include every Spanish
idea in order to understand how Spanish
fully works as a language and once
you've understood how to utilize these
ideas you can speak the language any way
you want once you understand what you
know you can then focus on mastering the
language using the method that fits you
now that this long video is over I want
to take a few seconds to explain what
I've shown as someone who teaches
themselves languages I've had my own
ways of explaining information to myself
which a lot of people don't really
understand the whole point of every
video that I've done including this long
video too is to explain the system of
how to think when learning new languages
I completely understand that everyone
has their own way of learning but like
I've always said everyone has to know
and understand the basis of any language
my goal wasn't to teach how to speak
Spanish because you can do so on your
own but rather how to think in terms of
speaking this video had everything that
you needed to start to think in Spanish
that is if it was your goal unlike other
Educators that teach Spanish differently
I chose to go with this format in order
to not waste anyone's Time Each video
was an explanation of a Spanish concept
without any additional information
before or after I completely understand
that some formats were very fast and
sometimes it was impossible to follow
what I was saying but this was my way of
explaining things without wasting time
and I do really apologize for that for
many people learning language Concepts
very fast is unfitting annoying and
potentially irritating and I completely
understand that however because I tend
to learn languages as a polyglot iend
end up teaching them as a polyg and it's
something that's very unfitting for many
people and I'm really sorry if I went
too fast in some Concepts anyhow thank
you for watching and I hope that your
learning became the simplest it can be
thank you