{
  "chapter_id": "11",
  "slug": "useful-greetings-farewells",
  "title": "Useful Greetings & Farewells",
  "time_range_sec": [2450, 2633],
  "summary": "A practical inventory of Spanish greetings, farewells, and polite phrases, with literal breakdowns explaining how each expression is built.",
  "suggested_grammar_note_id": null,
  "rules": [
    {
      "title": "Greeting agreement",
      "bullets": [
        "buenos días (m. pl.) — día is masculine.",
        "buenas tardes / buenas noches (f. pl.) — tarde and noche are feminine.",
        "bienvenido(s) agrees in number with the people being welcomed."
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "How are you uses estar",
      "bullets": [
        "¿Cómo estás? uses estar because well-being is temporary/changing.",
        "Reply with a conjugation of estar: (Yo) estoy bien."
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Hasta + time pattern",
      "bullets": [
        "hasta luego = until later.",
        "hasta pronto = until soon.",
        "hasta la vista = until the next time we see each other."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "examples": [
    {"es": "Hola.", "en": "Hi / Hello.", "tags": ["greeting"]},
    {"es": "Bienvenido / Bienvenidos.", "en": "Welcome.", "tags": ["greeting"]},
    {"es": "Buenos días.", "en": "Good morning.", "tags": ["greeting"]},
    {"es": "Buenas noches.", "en": "Good night / Good evening.", "tags": ["greeting"]},
    {"es": "¿Qué pasa?", "en": "What's going on?", "tags": ["question"]},
    {"es": "¿Qué está pasando?", "en": "What's happening?", "tags": ["progressive"]},
    {"es": "¿Qué tal?", "en": "How are you?", "tags": ["informal"]},
    {"es": "¿Cómo estás (tú)?", "en": "How are you?", "tags": ["estar"]},
    {"es": "(Yo) estoy bien.", "en": "I'm well.", "tags": ["estar"]},
    {"es": "Por favor.", "en": "Please.", "tags": ["polite"]},
    {"es": "(Muchas) Gracias.", "en": "Thank you (very much).", "tags": ["polite"]},
    {"es": "De nada.", "en": "You're welcome.", "tags": ["polite"]},
    {"es": "Perdón.", "en": "Sorry.", "tags": ["polite"]},
    {"es": "Adiós.", "en": "Goodbye.", "tags": ["farewell"]},
    {"es": "Hasta luego.", "en": "See you later.", "tags": ["farewell"]},
    {"es": "Hasta pronto.", "en": "See you soon.", "tags": ["farewell"]},
    {"es": "Hasta la vista.", "en": "See you later / Until next time.", "tags": ["farewell"]}
  ],
  "vocab": [
    {"es": "hola", "en": "hi / hello", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "bienvenido", "en": "welcome", "pos": "adj"},
    {"es": "buenos días", "en": "good morning", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "buenas tardes", "en": "good afternoon", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "buenas noches", "en": "good night / good evening", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "pasar", "en": "to happen / to pass", "pos": "verb"},
    {"es": "¿qué pasa?", "en": "what's going on?", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "¿qué tal?", "en": "how's it going?", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "¿cómo estás?", "en": "how are you?", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "por favor", "en": "please", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "gracias", "en": "thanks", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "de nada", "en": "you're welcome", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "perdón", "en": "sorry", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "adiós", "en": "goodbye", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "chau / chao", "en": "bye", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "hasta luego", "en": "see you later", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "hasta pronto", "en": "see you soon", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "hasta la vista", "en": "until next time", "pos": "phrase"}
  ],
  "conjugation_tables": [],
  "exercises": [
    {"sentence": "¿Cómo _____ tú?", "correct": "estás", "distractor": "eres", "explanation": "Well-being is temporary, so use estar."},
    {"sentence": "(Yo) _____ bien.", "correct": "estoy", "distractor": "soy", "explanation": "Reply matches the verb in the question (estar)."},
    {"sentence": "_____ días. (good morning)", "correct": "Buenos", "distractor": "Buenas", "explanation": "Día is masculine, so the plural adjective is buenos."},
    {"sentence": "_____ noches. (good night)", "correct": "Buenas", "distractor": "Buenos", "explanation": "Noche is feminine → buenas."},
    {"sentence": "Thanks → 'Muchas _____'.", "correct": "gracias", "distractor": "perdón", "explanation": "Gracias = thanks; perdón = sorry."},
    {"sentence": "Reply to gracias: '_____ nada'.", "correct": "De", "distractor": "Por", "explanation": "'De nada' literally 'of nothing' = you're welcome."}
  ],
  "caveats": "OCR mangled accents (e.g., 'éQueé', 'C6mo'); cleaned to standard ¿Qué? and ¿Cómo?."
}