# 36. Familiar Tú Commands

> Source: [A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish (The Conclusion)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YHDZSHCt1DE&t=9830s)

Tú commands are the singular informal way to tell someone what to do. Spanish modifies the verb itself (no pronoun needed), and the affirmative and negative forms use different patterns.

## Key Rules
- **Affirmative regular tú command** = the third-person singular (él) form of the present indicative: `habla`, `come`, `vive`.
- **Negative regular tú command** = drop the infinitive ending and add `-es` (-ar) or `-as` (-er/-ir), with `no` in front: `no hables`, `no comas`, `no vivas`.
- **Irregular affirmative tú commands**: `ven, di, sal, haz, ten, ve, pon, sé` (Vidi Sal Haz Ten Ve Pon Sé).
- **Negative irregular yo verbs** use the yo-stem + `-as`/`-es`: `no digas`, `no hagas`, `no pongas`, `no salgas`, `no traigas`, `no vengas`, `no veas`, `no conduzcas`.
- **Verbs ending in -car/-gar/-zar** spell-change in the negative: `practicar → no practiques`, `jugar → no juegues`, `organizar → no organices`.
- **Stem changes** are kept in both affirmative and negative forms.
- **Other irregular negatives**: `no des, no seas, no estés, no vayas, no sepas`.
- **Object pronouns**: attach to the affirmative (with an accent if needed) — `dímelo`; place before the verb in the negative — `no me lo digas`.
- **Reflexives**: affirmative attaches `te` with accent: `levántate`, `duérmete`. Negative places `te` before the verb: `no te levantes`, `no te duermas`.

## Conjugation / Pattern Tables

### Regular tú commands
| Verb | Affirmative | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| hablar | habla | no hables |
| comer | come | no comas |
| vivir | vive | no vivas |
| abrir | abre | no abras |

### Irregular affirmative tú commands
| Verb | Command | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| venir | ven | come |
| decir | di | say/tell |
| salir | sal | leave |
| hacer | haz | do/make |
| tener | ten | have |
| ir | ve | go |
| poner | pon | put |
| ser | sé | be |
| ver | ve | see |

### Irregular negative tú commands
| Verb | Negative |
|---|---|
| dar | no des |
| ser | no seas |
| estar | no estés |
| ir | no vayas |
| saber | no sepas |
| decir | no digas |
| hacer | no hagas |
| poner | no pongas |
| salir | no salgas |
| traer | no traigas |
| venir | no vengas |
| ver | no veas |

## Examples
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| ¡Habla ahora! | Speak now! |
| ¡No hables! | Don't speak! |
| ¡Come tu comida! | Eat your food! |
| ¡Abre la puerta, por favor! | Open the door, please. |
| Pon tu teléfono en la mesa. | Put your phone on the table. |
| Haz tu tarea. | Do your homework. |
| Ven si puedes. | Come if you can. |
| Ve a la escuela. | Go to the school. |
| ¡Dímelo! | Tell it to me! |
| ¡No me lo digas! | Don't tell me it! |
| ¡Levántate! | Get up! |
| ¡No te levantes! | Don't get up! |
| ¡Duérmete! | Fall asleep! |
| ¡No te duermas! | Don't fall asleep! |

## Notes & Gotchas
- `ve` means both "see" (ver) and "go" (ir). If `a` follows, it's almost always `ir`: `ve a la escuela`.
- Stem-changes survive: `dormir → duerme / no duermas`.
- Reflexive `te` always pairs with tú commands.
- Double object pronouns require an accent on the stressed syllable when attached: `dímelo`, `pónselo`.