Add Vocab Practice — English-first flashcards + multiple choice, with AI illustrations

Practice tab restructured into three sections:
- Conjugation: the 6 conjugation modes + the Common Tenses / Weak
  Verbs / Irregularity Drills focus buttons.
- Vocabulary: new "Vocab Practice" entry (flashcard or multiple
  choice, deck-picker on entry) + the existing Vocab Review.
- Reading: Stories, Books, Lyrics, Conversation, Listening, Cloze
  (moved here from the flat list).

VocabPracticeEntryView lets the user pick any course/textbook deck
(or "All decks") and a mode (Flashcard / Multiple Choice). Last-used
choice is remembered via @AppStorage.

VocabFlashcardPracticeView:
  Front shows the English meaning. Tap to reveal the Spanish word,
  example sentences from the card, an AI-generated illustration of
  the concept, and Again/Hard/Good/Easy rating buttons. SRS updates
  via the existing CourseReviewStore.rate() path.

VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView:
  English prompt, 4 Spanish options. Distractors come from the same
  deck and prefer matching part-of-speech (via
  DictionaryService.lookup) — falls back to random when POS is
  unknown or the deck has fewer than 4 cards. After answer: reveal
  correct/incorrect, the Spanish word, examples, illustration, and
  the same rating buttons.

VocabImageService wraps Apple Intelligence's ImageCreator
(iOS 18.2+) for on-device illustration generation. Caches PNG
results to disk under Caches/VocabImages keyed by
SHA256(deck+ES+EN). In-flight dedup keeps concurrent requests for
the same key sharing one task. Falls back to a placeholder UI when
Apple Intelligence isn't available (older devices / disabled in
Settings) — detected lazily on the first failed ImageCreator init.

EN-first direction is enforced regardless of the underlying deck's
isReversed flag, so the user sees the English-to-Spanish recall
direction they asked for even when practising a reversed course
deck.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Conjuga/Conjuga.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj

@@ -13,10 +13,12 @@
 		0A89DCC82BE11605CB866DEF /* TenseInfo.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 3BC3247457109FC6BF00D85B /* TenseInfo.swift */; };
 		0AD63CAED7C568590A16E879 /* StoryQuizView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = A7CDC5F2660A3009A3ADF048 /* StoryQuizView.swift */; };
 		0D0D3B5CC128D1A1D1252282 /* PronunciationService.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 4AE3D1D8723D5C41D3501774 /* PronunciationService.swift */; };
+		12117B0704F799292AF1DBB6 /* VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 15405FC4775B3DE5B76A0061 /* VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView.swift */; };
 		13F29AD5745FB532709FA28A /* OnboardingView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = E972AA745F44586EF0B1B0C8 /* OnboardingView.swift */; };
 		14242FD1F500D296D41E927C /* FeatureReferenceView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 1C3E36BDC2540AF2A67AEEB1 /* FeatureReferenceView.swift */; };
 		1A230C01A045F0C095BFBD35 /* PracticeView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 1EA0FA4F9149B9D8E197ADE9 /* PracticeView.swift */; };
 		1C2636790E70B6BC7FFCC904 /* DailyLog.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 0313D24F96E6A0039C34341F /* DailyLog.swift */; };
+		200E933E672F8B011DC16769 /* VocabImageService.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 3148F06ABA1BFCA36CB21E15 /* VocabImageService.swift */; };
 		20B71403A8D305C29C73ADA2 /* StemChangeConjugationView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = F92BCE1A6720E47FCD26BADC /* StemChangeConjugationView.swift */; };
 		218E982FC4267949F82AABAD /* SharedModels in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = 4A4D7B02884EBA9ACD93F0FD /* SharedModels */; };
 		261E582449BED6EF41881B04 /* AdaptiveContainer.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 3B16FF4C52457CD8CD703532 /* AdaptiveContainer.swift */; };
@@ -35,7 +37,9 @@
 		377C4AA000CE9A0D8CC43DA9 /* GrammarNote.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 4D389CA5B5C4E7A12CAEA5BC /* GrammarNote.swift */; };
 		39D0666B293DC265CF87B9DD /* SentenceBuilderView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 731614CACCB73B6FD592D34A /* SentenceBuilderView.swift */; };
 		3F4F0C07BE61512CBFBBB203 /* HandwritingCanvas.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 80D974250C396589656B8443 /* HandwritingCanvas.swift */; };
+		3F7C308425743919FC4407A8 /* VocabPracticeEntryView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = D641100DC020AD02EE2B6C9C /* VocabPracticeEntryView.swift */; };
 		4005E258FDF03C8B3A0D53BD /* VocabFlashcardView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 2931634BEB33B93429CE254F /* VocabFlashcardView.swift */; };
+		419DF099F0270E65D53932FD /* VocabFlashcardPracticeView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 6A19F8006EC8E6C3ACDEE3C6 /* VocabFlashcardPracticeView.swift */; };
 		46943ACFABF329DE1CBFC471 /* TensePill.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 102F0E136CDFF8CED710210F /* TensePill.swift */; };
 		48967E05C65E32F7082716CD /* AnswerChecker.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B3EFFA19D0AB2528A868E8ED /* AnswerChecker.swift */; };
 		4C3484403FD96E37DA4BEA66 /* NewWordIntent.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 72CB5F95DF256DF7CD73269D /* NewWordIntent.swift */; };
@@ -155,6 +159,7 @@
 		102F0E136CDFF8CED710210F /* TensePill.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = TensePill.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		10C16AA6022E4742898745CE /* TypingView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = TypingView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		143D06606AE10DCA30A140C2 /* CourseQuizView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = CourseQuizView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		15405FC4775B3DE5B76A0061 /* VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; includeInIndex = 1; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		15AC27B1E3D332709657F20B /* StoryLibraryView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = StoryLibraryView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		16C1F74196C3C5628953BE3F /* Conjuga.app */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; includeInIndex = 0; lastKnownFileType = wrapper.application; path = Conjuga.app; sourceTree = BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR; };
 		180F9D59828C36B44A5E384F /* DailyProgressRing.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = DailyProgressRing.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
@@ -174,6 +179,7 @@
 		2889F2F81673AFF3A58A07A8 /* WidgetDataReader.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = WidgetDataReader.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		2931634BEB33B93429CE254F /* VocabFlashcardView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = VocabFlashcardView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		30EF2362D9FFF9B07A45CE6D /* StreakCalendarView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = StreakCalendarView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		3148F06ABA1BFCA36CB21E15 /* VocabImageService.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; includeInIndex = 1; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = VocabImageService.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		340B1F22929DC7C1DEB0EA8A /* BookLibraryView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; includeInIndex = 1; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = BookLibraryView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		34C67DD1A1CB9B8B5A2BDCED /* CheckpointExamView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = CheckpointExamView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		3540936F058728CFD87B1A1E /* textbook_vocab.json */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = text.json; path = textbook_vocab.json; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
@@ -206,6 +212,7 @@
 		648436F8326CF95777E2FA58 /* ChatLibraryView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = ChatLibraryView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		6658C35E454C137B53FC05A4 /* youtube_videos.json */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = text.json; path = youtube_videos.json; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		69D98E1564C6538056D81200 /* TenseEndingTable.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = TenseEndingTable.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		6A19F8006EC8E6C3ACDEE3C6 /* VocabFlashcardPracticeView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; includeInIndex = 1; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = VocabFlashcardPracticeView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		6A48474D969CEF5F573DF09B /* StoryReaderView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = StoryReaderView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		6B9A9F2AB21895E06989A4D5 /* FlashcardView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = FlashcardView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		70960F0FD7509310B3F61C48 /* LyricsSearchView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = LyricsSearchView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
@@ -247,6 +254,7 @@
 		CF6D58AEE2F0DFE0F1829A73 /* SharedModels */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = folder; name = SharedModels; path = SharedModels; sourceTree = SOURCE_ROOT; };
 		D232CDA43CC9218D748BA121 /* ClozeView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = ClozeView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		D570252DA3DCDD9217C71863 /* WidgetDataService.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = WidgetDataService.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		D641100DC020AD02EE2B6C9C /* VocabPracticeEntryView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; includeInIndex = 1; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = VocabPracticeEntryView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		DA3A33983B2F2078C9EA1A3D /* MultipleChoiceView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = MultipleChoiceView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		DADCA82DDD34DF36D59BB283 /* DataLoader.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = DataLoader.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		DAF7CA1E6F9979CB2C699FDC /* CourseReviewStore.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = CourseReviewStore.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
@@ -360,10 +368,22 @@
 				AFF65B05E7CEC386F121973E /* YouTubeVideoStore.swift */,
 				221920B9BD6DC6F084093975 /* ExtraStudyStore.swift */,
 				A661ADF1141176EE96774138 /* BookSpeechController.swift */,
+				3148F06ABA1BFCA36CB21E15 /* VocabImageService.swift */,
 			);
 			path = Services;
 			sourceTree = "<group>";
 		};
+		1ECAF79E2138DF73BB1F6403 /* Vocab */ = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				D641100DC020AD02EE2B6C9C /* VocabPracticeEntryView.swift */,
+				6A19F8006EC8E6C3ACDEE3C6 /* VocabFlashcardPracticeView.swift */,
+				15405FC4775B3DE5B76A0061 /* VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView.swift */,
+			);
+			name = Vocab;
+			path = Vocab;
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
 		29F9EEAED5A6969FEDEAE227 /* Onboarding */ = {
 			isa = PBXGroup;
 			children = (
@@ -455,6 +475,7 @@
 				895E547BEFB5D0FBF676BE33 /* Lyrics */,
 				43E4D263B0AF47E401A51601 /* Stories */,
 				74AC8A0D381958D2A14316C3 /* Books */,
+				1ECAF79E2138DF73BB1F6403 /* Vocab */,
 			);
 			path = Practice;
 			sourceTree = "<group>";
@@ -778,6 +799,10 @@
 				33BFEC0F0DEFC8A0E1FD8009 /* BookSpeechController.swift in Sources */,
 				2CB1E7454C1C04C2A9A06D57 /* BookVoicePickerSheet.swift in Sources */,
 				C3F567971CE8379CCC0AA9ED /* GuideCrossLinks.swift in Sources */,
+				200E933E672F8B011DC16769 /* VocabImageService.swift in Sources */,
+				3F7C308425743919FC4407A8 /* VocabPracticeEntryView.swift in Sources */,
+				419DF099F0270E65D53932FD /* VocabFlashcardPracticeView.swift in Sources */,
+				12117B0704F799292AF1DBB6 /* VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView.swift in Sources */,
 			);
 			runOnlyForDeploymentPostprocessing = 0;
 		};

Conjuga/Conjuga/ConjugaApp.swift

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ struct ConjugaApp: App {
     @State private var verbExampleCache = VerbExampleCache()
     @State private var reflexiveStore = ReflexiveVerbStore()
     @State private var youtubeVideoStore = YouTubeVideoStore()
+    @State private var vocabImageService = VocabImageService()
 
     let localContainer: ModelContainer
     let cloudContainer: ModelContainer
@@ -119,6 +120,7 @@ struct ConjugaApp: App {
             .environment(verbExampleCache)
             .environment(reflexiveStore)
             .environment(youtubeVideoStore)
+            .environment(vocabImageService)
             .task {
                 let needsSeed = await DataLoader.needsSeeding(container: localContainer)
                 if needsSeed {

Conjuga/Conjuga/Services/VocabImageService.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+import CryptoKit
+import Foundation
+import ImagePlayground
+import SwiftUI
+import UIKit
+
+/// On-device illustrative images for vocab cards, via Apple Intelligence
+/// Image Playground (iOS 18.2+). Generated once per (deck, ES, EN) tuple,
+/// cached to disk in the app's Caches directory.
+///
+/// On devices/versions without Image Playground the service still works —
+/// it just always returns nil and the calling view falls back to a placeholder.
+@MainActor
+@Observable
+final class VocabImageService {
+    private let cacheRoot: URL = {
+        let caches = FileManager.default.urls(for: .cachesDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)[0]
+        let dir = caches.appendingPathComponent("VocabImages", isDirectory: true)
+        try? FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: dir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        return dir
+    }()
+
+    /// In-flight generations keyed by cache key so callers asking for the same
+    /// image while it's being produced share the same task.
+    private var inFlight: [String: Task<UIImage?, Never>] = [:]
+
+    /// Look up a cached image synchronously. Returns nil if not yet generated.
+    func cachedImage(forKey key: String) -> UIImage? {
+        let url = cacheFileURL(forKey: key)
+        guard FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: url.path) else { return nil }
+        return UIImage(contentsOfFile: url.path)
+    }
+
+    /// Generate (or fetch cached) image for the given English concept.
+    /// Returns nil on unsupported devices or if generation fails.
+    func image(
+        forKey key: String,
+        concept englishConcept: String
+    ) async -> UIImage? {
+        if let cached = cachedImage(forKey: key) {
+            return cached
+        }
+        if let existing = inFlight[key] {
+            return await existing.value
+        }
+        let task = Task<UIImage?, Never> { [cacheRoot] in
+            await Self.generate(concept: englishConcept, savingTo: Self.fileURL(in: cacheRoot, forKey: key))
+        }
+        inFlight[key] = task
+        let result = await task.value
+        inFlight[key] = nil
+        return result
+    }
+
+    /// Stable cache key for a vocab card. Hash so it survives weird characters
+    /// in the front/back text.
+    static func cacheKey(deckId: String, spanish: String, english: String) -> String {
+        let raw = "\(deckId)|\(spanish)|\(english)"
+        let digest = SHA256.hash(data: Data(raw.utf8))
+        return digest.map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joined()
+    }
+
+    /// Cached result of a one-time probe — true if `ImageCreator()` succeeds
+    /// on this device. Apple Intelligence only lights up on compatible
+    /// hardware + when the user has it enabled in Settings; `ImageCreator()`
+    /// throws otherwise.
+    nonisolated(unsafe) private static var probedAvailability: Bool? = nil
+    nonisolated(unsafe) private static let probeLock = NSLock()
+
+    /// Whether on-device image generation is available. Cached after first call.
+    static var isAvailable: Bool {
+        probeLock.lock()
+        defer { probeLock.unlock() }
+        if let cached = probedAvailability { return cached }
+        // Synchronous probe via Task isn't possible here; default to true on
+        // iOS 18.2+ and let the first actual generation succeed-or-fail
+        // produce the real signal. Older OS = never available.
+        guard #available(iOS 18.2, *) else {
+            probedAvailability = false
+            return false
+        }
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /// Mark the service as unavailable based on a real failure (called from
+    /// `generate(...)` when ImageCreator() init throws).
+    private static func markUnavailable() {
+        probeLock.lock()
+        probedAvailability = false
+        probeLock.unlock()
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Internal
+
+    private func cacheFileURL(forKey key: String) -> URL {
+        Self.fileURL(in: cacheRoot, forKey: key)
+    }
+
+    private static func fileURL(in root: URL, forKey key: String) -> URL {
+        root.appendingPathComponent("\(key).png")
+    }
+
+    private static func generate(concept: String, savingTo destination: URL) async -> UIImage? {
+        guard #available(iOS 18.2, *) else { return nil }
+
+        let creator: ImageCreator
+        do {
+            creator = try await ImageCreator()
+        } catch {
+            print("[VocabImageService] ImageCreator unavailable: \(error)")
+            markUnavailable()
+            return nil
+        }
+
+        let sequence = creator.images(
+            for: [.text(concept)],
+            style: .illustration,
+            limit: 1
+        )
+        do {
+            for try await result in sequence {
+                let cgImage = result.cgImage
+                let uiImage = UIImage(cgImage: cgImage)
+                if let png = uiImage.pngData() {
+                    try? png.write(to: destination, options: .atomic)
+                }
+                return uiImage
+            }
+        } catch {
+            print("[VocabImageService] generation failed: \(error)")
+        }
+        return nil
+    }
+}

Conjuga/Conjuga/Views/Practice/PracticeView.swift

@@ -74,12 +74,10 @@ struct PracticeView: View {
                     .padding(.top, 8)
                 }
 
-                // Mode selection
+                // === Section: Conjugation ===
-                VStack(spacing: 12) {
+                sectionHeader("Conjugation")
-                    Text("Choose a Mode")
-                        .font(.headline)
-                        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
 
+                VStack(spacing: 12) {
                     ForEach(PracticeMode.allCases) { mode in
                         ModeButton(mode: mode) {
                             viewModel.practiceMode = mode
@@ -98,6 +96,15 @@ struct PracticeView: View {
                 }
                 .padding(.horizontal)
 
+                conjugationFocusButtons
+
+                // === Section: Vocabulary ===
+                sectionHeader("Vocabulary")
+                vocabSection
+
+                // === Section: Reading ===
+                sectionHeader("Reading")
+
                 // Lyrics
                 NavigationLink {
                     LyricsLibraryView()
@@ -284,13 +291,110 @@ struct PracticeView: View {
                 .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
                 .padding(.horizontal)
 
-                // Quick Actions
+                // Session stats summary
-                VStack(spacing: 12) {
+                if viewModel.sessionTotal > 0 && !isPracticing {
-                    Text("Quick Actions")
+                    VStack(spacing: 8) {
+                        Text("Last Session")
                             .font(.headline)
                             .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
 
-                    // Vocab review
+                        HStack(spacing: 20) {
+                            StatItem(label: "Reviewed", value: "\(viewModel.sessionTotal)")
+                            StatItem(label: "Correct", value: "\(viewModel.sessionCorrect)")
+                            StatItem(
+                                label: "Accuracy",
+                                value: "\(Int(viewModel.sessionAccuracy * 100))%"
+                            )
+                        }
+                        .padding()
+                        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                        .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16))
+                    }
+                    .padding(.horizontal)
+                }
+            }
+            .padding(.vertical)
+            .adaptiveContainer()
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Section header
+
+    private func sectionHeader(_ title: String) -> some View {
+        Text(title)
+            .font(.headline)
+            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+            .padding(.horizontal)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Conjugation focus buttons (Common Tenses / Weak Verbs / Irregularity)
+
+    private var conjugationFocusButtons: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 12) {
+            // Common Tenses
+            Button {
+                viewModel.practiceMode = .flashcard
+                viewModel.focusMode = .commonTenses
+                viewModel.sessionCorrect = 0
+                viewModel.sessionTotal = 0
+                viewModel.loadNextCard(localContext: modelContext, cloudContext: cloudModelContext)
+                withAnimation { isPracticing = true }
+            } label: {
+                practiceRowLabel(icon: "star.fill", color: .orange,
+                                 title: "Common Tenses",
+                                 subtitle: "Practice the 6 most essential tenses")
+            }
+            .tint(.primary)
+            .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
+
+            // Weak Verbs
+            Button {
+                viewModel.practiceMode = .flashcard
+                viewModel.focusMode = .weakVerbs
+                viewModel.sessionCorrect = 0
+                viewModel.sessionTotal = 0
+                viewModel.loadNextCard(localContext: modelContext, cloudContext: cloudModelContext)
+                withAnimation { isPracticing = true }
+            } label: {
+                practiceRowLabel(icon: "exclamationmark.triangle", color: .red,
+                                 title: "Weak Verbs",
+                                 subtitle: "Focus on verbs you struggle with")
+            }
+            .tint(.primary)
+            .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
+
+            // Irregularity drills
+            Menu {
+                Button("Spelling Changes (c→qu, z→c, ...)") { startIrregularityDrill(.spelling) }
+                Button("Stem Changes (o→ue, e→ie, ...)") { startIrregularityDrill(.stemChange) }
+                Button("Unique Irregulars (ser, ir, ...)") { startIrregularityDrill(.uniqueIrregular) }
+            } label: {
+                practiceRowLabel(icon: "wand.and.stars", color: .purple,
+                                 title: "Irregularity Drills",
+                                 subtitle: "Practice by irregularity type")
+            }
+            .tint(.primary)
+            .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
+        }
+        .padding(.horizontal)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Vocabulary section
+
+    private var vocabSection: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 12) {
+            // NEW: Vocab Practice entry (flashcard + MC)
+            NavigationLink {
+                VocabPracticeEntryView()
+            } label: {
+                practiceRowLabel(icon: "rectangle.on.rectangle.angled", color: .purple,
+                                 title: "Vocab Practice",
+                                 subtitle: "Flashcards or multiple choice, pick a deck")
+            }
+            .tint(.primary)
+            .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
+
+            // Existing: Vocab Review (due cards)
             NavigationLink {
                 VocabReviewView()
             } label: {
@@ -329,148 +433,33 @@ struct PracticeView: View {
             }
             .tint(.primary)
             .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
-
-                    // Common tenses focus
-                    Button {
-                        viewModel.practiceMode = .flashcard
-                        viewModel.focusMode = .commonTenses
-                        viewModel.sessionCorrect = 0
-                        viewModel.sessionTotal = 0
-                        viewModel.loadNextCard(
-                            localContext: modelContext,
-                            cloudContext: cloudModelContext
-                        )
-                        withAnimation { isPracticing = true }
-                    } label: {
-                        HStack(spacing: 14) {
-                            Image(systemName: "star.fill")
-                                .font(.title3)
-                                .foregroundStyle(.orange)
-                                .frame(width: 32)
-
-                            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 2) {
-                                Text("Common Tenses")
-                                    .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
-                                Text("Practice the 6 most essential tenses")
-                                    .font(.caption)
-                                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                            }
-
-                            Spacer()
-
-                            Image(systemName: "chevron.right")
-                                .font(.caption)
-                                .foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
-                        }
-                        .padding(.horizontal, 16)
-                        .padding(.vertical, 12)
-                    }
-                    .tint(.primary)
-                    .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
-
-                    // Weak verbs focus
-                    Button {
-                        viewModel.practiceMode = .flashcard
-                        viewModel.focusMode = .weakVerbs
-                        viewModel.sessionCorrect = 0
-                        viewModel.sessionTotal = 0
-                        viewModel.loadNextCard(
-                            localContext: modelContext,
-                            cloudContext: cloudModelContext
-                        )
-                        withAnimation { isPracticing = true }
-                    } label: {
-                        HStack(spacing: 14) {
-                            Image(systemName: "exclamationmark.triangle")
-                                .font(.title3)
-                                .foregroundStyle(.red)
-                                .frame(width: 32)
-
-                            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 2) {
-                                Text("Weak Verbs")
-                                    .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
-                                Text("Focus on verbs you struggle with")
-                                    .font(.caption)
-                                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                            }
-
-                            Spacer()
-
-                            Image(systemName: "chevron.right")
-                                .font(.caption)
-                                .foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
-                        }
-                        .padding(.horizontal, 16)
-                        .padding(.vertical, 12)
-                    }
-                    .tint(.primary)
-                    .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
-
-                    // Irregularity drills
-                    Menu {
-                        Button("Spelling Changes (c→qu, z→c, ...)") {
-                            startIrregularityDrill(.spelling)
-                        }
-                        Button("Stem Changes (o→ue, e→ie, ...)") {
-                            startIrregularityDrill(.stemChange)
-                        }
-                        Button("Unique Irregulars (ser, ir, ...)") {
-                            startIrregularityDrill(.uniqueIrregular)
-                        }
-                    } label: {
-                        HStack(spacing: 14) {
-                            Image(systemName: "wand.and.stars")
-                                .font(.title3)
-                                .foregroundStyle(.purple)
-                                .frame(width: 32)
-
-                            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 2) {
-                                Text("Irregularity Drills")
-                                    .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
-                                Text("Practice by irregularity type")
-                                    .font(.caption)
-                                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                            }
-
-                            Spacer()
-
-                            Image(systemName: "chevron.right")
-                                .font(.caption)
-                                .foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
-                        }
-                        .padding(.horizontal, 16)
-                        .padding(.vertical, 12)
-                    }
-                    .tint(.primary)
-                    .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
-                }
-                .padding(.horizontal)
-
-                // Session stats summary
-                if viewModel.sessionTotal > 0 && !isPracticing {
-                    VStack(spacing: 8) {
-                        Text("Last Session")
-                            .font(.headline)
-                            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
-
-                        HStack(spacing: 20) {
-                            StatItem(label: "Reviewed", value: "\(viewModel.sessionTotal)")
-                            StatItem(label: "Correct", value: "\(viewModel.sessionCorrect)")
-                            StatItem(
-                                label: "Accuracy",
-                                value: "\(Int(viewModel.sessionAccuracy * 100))%"
-                            )
-                        }
-                        .padding()
-                        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
-                        .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16))
         }
         .padding(.horizontal)
     }
+
+    private func practiceRowLabel(icon: String, color: Color, title: String, subtitle: String) -> some View {
+        HStack(spacing: 14) {
+            Image(systemName: icon)
+                .font(.title3)
+                .foregroundStyle(color)
+                .frame(width: 32)
+
+            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 2) {
+                Text(title)
+                    .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
+                Text(subtitle)
+                    .font(.caption)
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
             }
-            .padding(.vertical)
+
-            .adaptiveContainer()
+            Spacer()
+
+            Image(systemName: "chevron.right")
+                .font(.caption)
+                .foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
         }
+        .padding(.horizontal, 16)
+        .padding(.vertical, 12)
     }
 
     // MARK: - Practice Session View

Conjuga/Conjuga/Views/Practice/Vocab/VocabFlashcardPracticeView.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+import SwiftUI
+import SharedModels
+import SwiftData
+
+/// English-first flashcard. Front shows the English meaning; tap to reveal
+/// the Spanish word with example sentences, an AI-generated illustrative
+/// image, and SRS rating buttons.
+struct VocabFlashcardPracticeView: View {
+    /// nil = all decks
+    let deckId: String?
+
+    @Environment(\.modelContext) private var localContext
+    @Environment(\.cloudModelContextProvider) private var cloudModelContextProvider
+    @Environment(VocabImageService.self) private var imageService
+    @Environment(\.dismiss) private var dismiss
+
+    @State private var cards: [VocabCard] = []
+    @State private var deckLookup: [String: CourseDeck] = [:]
+    @State private var index: Int = 0
+    @State private var revealed: Bool = false
+
+    private var cloudContext: ModelContext { cloudModelContextProvider() }
+
+    private var currentCard: VocabCard? {
+        guard index < cards.count else { return nil }
+        return cards[index]
+    }
+
+    private var sides: (english: String, spanish: String, examplesES: [String], examplesEN: [String])? {
+        guard let card = currentCard else { return nil }
+        let isReversed = deckLookup[card.deckId]?.isReversed ?? false
+        let english = isReversed ? card.front : card.back
+        let spanish = isReversed ? card.back : card.front
+        return (english, spanish, card.examplesES, card.examplesEN)
+    }
+
+    var body: some View {
+        ScrollView {
+            VStack(spacing: 24) {
+                progressBar
+                if let sides {
+                    cardBody(sides)
+                } else {
+                    completionView
+                }
+            }
+            .padding()
+            .adaptiveContainer(maxWidth: 720)
+        }
+        .navigationTitle("Vocab Flashcards")
+        .navigationBarTitleDisplayMode(.inline)
+        .onAppear(perform: loadIfNeeded)
+        .animation(.smooth, value: revealed)
+        .animation(.smooth, value: index)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Progress
+
+    private var progressBar: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 6) {
+            ProgressView(value: cards.isEmpty ? 0 : Double(index) / Double(cards.count))
+                .tint(.purple)
+            Text(cards.isEmpty ? "No cards in this deck" : "\(min(index + 1, cards.count)) of \(cards.count)")
+                .font(.caption)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Card
+
+    @ViewBuilder
+    private func cardBody(_ sides: (english: String, spanish: String, examplesES: [String], examplesEN: [String])) -> some View {
+        // Front (always visible)
+        Text(sides.english)
+            .font(.largeTitle.weight(.bold))
+            .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
+            .padding(.top, 12)
+
+        if revealed {
+            revealedContent(sides)
+        } else {
+            tapToReveal
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var tapToReveal: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 8) {
+            Image(systemName: "hand.tap")
+                .font(.title)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            Text("Tap to reveal")
+                .font(.headline)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+        }
+        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+        .frame(minHeight: 200)
+        .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 20))
+        .contentShape(Rectangle())
+        .onTapGesture {
+            withAnimation(.smooth) { revealed = true }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func revealedContent(_ sides: (english: String, spanish: String, examplesES: [String], examplesEN: [String])) -> some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 18) {
+            Text(sides.spanish)
+                .font(.title.weight(.semibold))
+                .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
+
+            if let card = currentCard {
+                VocabIllustration(card: card, deckLookup: deckLookup)
+            }
+
+            if !sides.examplesES.isEmpty {
+                VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 8) {
+                    ForEach(Array(zip(sides.examplesES, sides.examplesEN).enumerated()), id: \.offset) { _, pair in
+                        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 2) {
+                            Text(pair.0).font(.subheadline).italic()
+                            Text(pair.1).font(.caption).foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+                .padding()
+                .background(.fill.quinary, in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 12))
+            }
+
+            ratingButtons
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var ratingButtons: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 10) {
+            Text("How well did you know it?")
+                .font(.subheadline)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            HStack(spacing: 10) {
+                ratingButton("Again", color: .red, quality: .again)
+                ratingButton("Hard", color: .orange, quality: .hard)
+                ratingButton("Good", color: .green, quality: .good)
+                ratingButton("Easy", color: .blue, quality: .easy)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func ratingButton(_ label: String, color: Color, quality: ReviewQuality) -> some View {
+        Button {
+            rateAndAdvance(quality)
+        } label: {
+            Text(label)
+                .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
+                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                .padding(.vertical, 12)
+        }
+        .tint(color)
+        .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 12))
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Completion
+
+    private var completionView: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 16) {
+            Image(systemName: "checkmark.circle.fill")
+                .font(.system(size: 56))
+                .foregroundStyle(.green)
+            Text("Session Complete")
+                .font(.title2.bold())
+            Text("\(cards.count) cards reviewed")
+                .font(.subheadline)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            Button("Done") { dismiss() }
+                .buttonStyle(.borderedProminent)
+                .tint(.purple)
+                .padding(.top, 12)
+        }
+        .padding(.top, 60)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Logic
+
+    private func loadIfNeeded() {
+        guard cards.isEmpty else { return }
+        let pool = fetchPool()
+        cards = pool.shuffled()
+        deckLookup = Dictionary(uniqueKeysWithValues: fetchDecks().map { ($0.id, $0) })
+    }
+
+    private func fetchPool() -> [VocabCard] {
+        var descriptor = FetchDescriptor<VocabCard>()
+        if let deckId {
+            descriptor.predicate = #Predicate<VocabCard> { $0.deckId == deckId }
+        }
+        return (try? localContext.fetch(descriptor)) ?? []
+    }
+
+    private func fetchDecks() -> [CourseDeck] {
+        (try? localContext.fetch(FetchDescriptor<CourseDeck>())) ?? []
+    }
+
+    private func rateAndAdvance(_ quality: ReviewQuality) {
+        guard let card = currentCard else { return }
+        CourseReviewStore(context: cloudContext).rate(card: card, quality: quality)
+        withAnimation(.smooth) {
+            revealed = false
+            index += 1
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// MARK: - Illustration (shared)
+
+/// AI-generated image for the card's English concept. Generates on first
+/// reveal and caches to disk. Falls back to a styled SF Symbol when Image
+/// Playground is unavailable.
+struct VocabIllustration: View {
+    let card: VocabCard
+    let deckLookup: [String: CourseDeck]
+
+    @Environment(VocabImageService.self) private var service
+    @State private var image: UIImage?
+    @State private var isGenerating: Bool = false
+
+    private var englishConcept: String {
+        let isReversed = deckLookup[card.deckId]?.isReversed ?? false
+        return isReversed ? card.front : card.back
+    }
+
+    private var spanish: String {
+        let isReversed = deckLookup[card.deckId]?.isReversed ?? false
+        return isReversed ? card.back : card.front
+    }
+
+    private var cacheKey: String {
+        VocabImageService.cacheKey(deckId: card.deckId, spanish: spanish, english: englishConcept)
+    }
+
+    var body: some View {
+        ZStack {
+            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16)
+                .fill(.purple.opacity(0.08))
+                .frame(height: 200)
+
+            if let image {
+                Image(uiImage: image)
+                    .resizable()
+                    .scaledToFit()
+                    .frame(maxHeight: 200)
+                    .clipShape(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 16))
+            } else if isGenerating {
+                VStack(spacing: 6) {
+                    ProgressView()
+                    Text("Generating illustration…")
+                        .font(.caption2)
+                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                }
+            } else if !VocabImageService.isAvailable {
+                placeholder
+            } else {
+                ProgressView()
+            }
+        }
+        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+        .task(id: cacheKey, loadImage)
+    }
+
+    private var placeholder: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 6) {
+            Image(systemName: "photo")
+                .font(.title2)
+                .foregroundStyle(.purple.opacity(0.55))
+            Text("Image generation unavailable on this device")
+                .font(.caption2)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
+                .padding(.horizontal, 24)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Sendable
+    private func loadImage() async {
+        if let cached = service.cachedImage(forKey: cacheKey) {
+            image = cached
+            return
+        }
+        guard VocabImageService.isAvailable else { return }
+        isGenerating = true
+        let result = await service.image(forKey: cacheKey, concept: englishConcept)
+        isGenerating = false
+        if let result {
+            image = result
+        }
+    }
+}

Conjuga/Conjuga/Views/Practice/Vocab/VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+import SwiftUI
+import SharedModels
+import SwiftData
+
+/// English-first multiple choice. Prompt shows the English meaning; the user
+/// picks the correct Spanish word from 4 options (3 distractors drawn from the
+/// same deck, preferring matching part-of-speech via DictionaryService).
+/// After answer: reveal correct/incorrect, show examples + image, rate SRS.
+struct VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView: View {
+    let deckId: String?
+
+    @Environment(\.modelContext) private var localContext
+    @Environment(\.cloudModelContextProvider) private var cloudModelContextProvider
+    @Environment(DictionaryService.self) private var dictionary
+    @Environment(\.dismiss) private var dismiss
+
+    @State private var cards: [VocabCard] = []
+    @State private var distractorPool: [VocabCard] = []
+    @State private var deckLookup: [String: CourseDeck] = [:]
+    @State private var index: Int = 0
+    @State private var options: [VocabCard] = []
+    @State private var selectedOption: VocabCard? = nil
+
+    private var cloudContext: ModelContext { cloudModelContextProvider() }
+
+    private var currentCard: VocabCard? {
+        guard index < cards.count else { return nil }
+        return cards[index]
+    }
+
+    private var sides: (english: String, spanish: String, examplesES: [String], examplesEN: [String])? {
+        guard let card = currentCard else { return nil }
+        let isReversed = deckLookup[card.deckId]?.isReversed ?? false
+        let english = isReversed ? card.front : card.back
+        let spanish = isReversed ? card.back : card.front
+        return (english, spanish, card.examplesES, card.examplesEN)
+    }
+
+    var body: some View {
+        ScrollView {
+            VStack(spacing: 22) {
+                progressBar
+                if let sides {
+                    questionBody(sides)
+                } else {
+                    completionView
+                }
+            }
+            .padding()
+            .adaptiveContainer(maxWidth: 720)
+        }
+        .navigationTitle("Vocab Multiple Choice")
+        .navigationBarTitleDisplayMode(.inline)
+        .onAppear(perform: loadIfNeeded)
+        .animation(.smooth, value: selectedOption?.id)
+        .animation(.smooth, value: index)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Progress
+
+    private var progressBar: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 6) {
+            ProgressView(value: cards.isEmpty ? 0 : Double(index) / Double(cards.count))
+                .tint(.purple)
+            Text(cards.isEmpty ? "No cards in this deck" : "\(min(index + 1, cards.count)) of \(cards.count)")
+                .font(.caption)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Question
+
+    @ViewBuilder
+    private func questionBody(_ sides: (english: String, spanish: String, examplesES: [String], examplesEN: [String])) -> some View {
+        Text(sides.english)
+            .font(.largeTitle.weight(.bold))
+            .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
+            .padding(.top, 12)
+
+        if selectedOption == nil {
+            optionGrid
+        } else {
+            revealedContent(sides)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var optionGrid: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 10) {
+            ForEach(options, id: \.id) { option in
+                Button {
+                    selectedOption = option
+                } label: {
+                    Text(spanishSide(of: option))
+                        .font(.headline)
+                        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                        .padding(.vertical, 16)
+                }
+                .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14))
+                .tint(.primary)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func revealedContent(_ sides: (english: String, spanish: String, examplesES: [String], examplesEN: [String])) -> some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 16) {
+            answerFeedback(sides)
+
+            if let card = currentCard {
+                VocabIllustration(card: card, deckLookup: deckLookup)
+            }
+
+            if !sides.examplesES.isEmpty {
+                VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 8) {
+                    ForEach(Array(zip(sides.examplesES, sides.examplesEN).enumerated()), id: \.offset) { _, pair in
+                        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 2) {
+                            Text(pair.0).font(.subheadline).italic()
+                            Text(pair.1).font(.caption).foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+                .padding()
+                .background(.fill.quinary, in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 12))
+            }
+
+            ratingButtons
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func answerFeedback(_ sides: (english: String, spanish: String, examplesES: [String], examplesEN: [String])) -> some View {
+        let correct = (selectedOption?.id == currentCard?.id)
+        return VStack(spacing: 6) {
+            Image(systemName: correct ? "checkmark.circle.fill" : "xmark.circle.fill")
+                .font(.system(size: 36))
+                .foregroundStyle(correct ? .green : .red)
+            Text(correct ? "Correct!" : "Not quite")
+                .font(.headline)
+                .foregroundStyle(correct ? .green : .red)
+            Text(sides.spanish)
+                .font(.title2.weight(.semibold))
+                .padding(.top, 4)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var ratingButtons: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 10) {
+            Text("How well did you know it?")
+                .font(.subheadline)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            HStack(spacing: 10) {
+                ratingButton("Again", color: .red, quality: .again)
+                ratingButton("Hard", color: .orange, quality: .hard)
+                ratingButton("Good", color: .green, quality: .good)
+                ratingButton("Easy", color: .blue, quality: .easy)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func ratingButton(_ label: String, color: Color, quality: ReviewQuality) -> some View {
+        Button {
+            rateAndAdvance(quality)
+        } label: {
+            Text(label)
+                .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
+                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                .padding(.vertical, 12)
+        }
+        .tint(color)
+        .glassEffect(in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 12))
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Completion
+
+    private var completionView: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 16) {
+            Image(systemName: "checkmark.circle.fill")
+                .font(.system(size: 56))
+                .foregroundStyle(.green)
+            Text("Session Complete")
+                .font(.title2.bold())
+            Text("\(cards.count) cards reviewed")
+                .font(.subheadline)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            Button("Done") { dismiss() }
+                .buttonStyle(.borderedProminent)
+                .tint(.purple)
+                .padding(.top, 12)
+        }
+        .padding(.top, 60)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Logic
+
+    private func loadIfNeeded() {
+        guard cards.isEmpty else { return }
+        let pool = fetchPool()
+        cards = pool.shuffled()
+        distractorPool = pool
+        deckLookup = Dictionary(uniqueKeysWithValues: fetchDecks().map { ($0.id, $0) })
+        if cards.count < 4 {
+            distractorPool = fetchAllCards()
+        }
+        prepareOptions()
+    }
+
+    private func fetchPool() -> [VocabCard] {
+        var descriptor = FetchDescriptor<VocabCard>()
+        if let deckId {
+            descriptor.predicate = #Predicate<VocabCard> { $0.deckId == deckId }
+        }
+        return (try? localContext.fetch(descriptor)) ?? []
+    }
+
+    private func fetchAllCards() -> [VocabCard] {
+        (try? localContext.fetch(FetchDescriptor<VocabCard>())) ?? []
+    }
+
+    private func fetchDecks() -> [CourseDeck] {
+        (try? localContext.fetch(FetchDescriptor<CourseDeck>())) ?? []
+    }
+
+    private func prepareOptions() {
+        guard let card = currentCard else { options = []; return }
+        let correctPOS = partOfSpeech(for: card)
+        let candidates = distractorPool.filter { $0.id != card.id }
+
+        let posMatches = correctPOS.flatMap { pos in
+            candidates.filter { partOfSpeech(for: $0) == pos }
+        } ?? []
+        let pickedDistractors: [VocabCard]
+        if posMatches.count >= 3 {
+            pickedDistractors = Array(posMatches.shuffled().prefix(3))
+        } else {
+            // Fill with random others
+            var pool = posMatches
+            let remaining = candidates.filter { c in !pool.contains(where: { $0.id == c.id }) }
+            pool.append(contentsOf: remaining.shuffled())
+            pickedDistractors = Array(pool.prefix(3))
+        }
+        options = ([card] + pickedDistractors).shuffled()
+    }
+
+    private func partOfSpeech(for card: VocabCard) -> String? {
+        let spanish = spanishSide(of: card).lowercased()
+            .trimmingCharacters(in: .punctuationCharacters)
+            .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+        return dictionary.lookup(spanish)?.partOfSpeech
+    }
+
+    private func spanishSide(of card: VocabCard) -> String {
+        let isReversed = deckLookup[card.deckId]?.isReversed ?? false
+        return isReversed ? card.back : card.front
+    }
+
+    private func rateAndAdvance(_ quality: ReviewQuality) {
+        guard let card = currentCard else { return }
+        CourseReviewStore(context: cloudContext).rate(card: card, quality: quality)
+        index += 1
+        selectedOption = nil
+        prepareOptions()
+    }
+}

Conjuga/Conjuga/Views/Practice/Vocab/VocabPracticeEntryView.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+import SwiftUI
+import SharedModels
+import SwiftData
+
+/// Entry screen for vocabulary practice. User picks a deck (or "All") and a
+/// mode (Flashcard / Multiple Choice), then taps Start. The session view
+/// fetches the pool, shuffles, and runs the cards.
+struct VocabPracticeEntryView: View {
+    enum Mode: String, CaseIterable, Identifiable {
+        case flashcard
+        case multipleChoice
+
+        var id: String { rawValue }
+        var label: String {
+            switch self {
+            case .flashcard: return "Flashcard"
+            case .multipleChoice: return "Multiple Choice"
+            }
+        }
+        var systemImage: String {
+            switch self {
+            case .flashcard: return "rectangle.on.rectangle"
+            case .multipleChoice: return "checklist"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Query(sort: [SortDescriptor(\CourseDeck.courseName), SortDescriptor(\CourseDeck.weekNumber)])
+    private var decks: [CourseDeck]
+
+    @AppStorage("vocabPracticeLastDeckId") private var lastDeckId: String = ""
+    @AppStorage("vocabPracticeLastMode") private var lastModeRaw: String = Mode.flashcard.rawValue
+
+    @State private var selectedDeckId: String? = nil
+    @State private var mode: Mode = .flashcard
+    @State private var startedSession: SessionConfig? = nil
+
+    /// Sentinel for "All decks" in the picker.
+    private let allDecksTag = "__all__"
+
+    private struct SessionConfig: Hashable {
+        let deckId: String?   // nil = all decks
+        let mode: Mode
+    }
+
+    var body: some View {
+        Form {
+            Section("Mode") {
+                Picker("Mode", selection: $mode) {
+                    ForEach(Mode.allCases) { m in
+                        Label(m.label, systemImage: m.systemImage).tag(m)
+                    }
+                }
+                .pickerStyle(.segmented)
+            }
+
+            Section("Deck") {
+                if decks.isEmpty {
+                    Text("No course decks available yet.")
+                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                } else {
+                    Picker("Deck", selection: Binding(
+                        get: { selectedDeckId ?? allDecksTag },
+                        set: { selectedDeckId = ($0 == allDecksTag ? nil : $0) }
+                    )) {
+                        Text("All decks").tag(allDecksTag)
+                        ForEach(grouped, id: \.course) { group in
+                            Section(group.course) {
+                                ForEach(group.decks) { deck in
+                                    Text(deckLabel(deck)).tag(deck.id)
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    .pickerStyle(.navigationLink)
+                }
+            }
+
+            Section {
+                Button {
+                    persistChoice()
+                    startedSession = SessionConfig(deckId: selectedDeckId, mode: mode)
+                } label: {
+                    Label("Start", systemImage: "play.fill")
+                        .font(.headline)
+                        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                        .padding(.vertical, 6)
+                }
+                .buttonStyle(.borderedProminent)
+                .tint(.purple)
+                .disabled(decks.isEmpty)
+            }
+        }
+        .navigationTitle("Vocab Practice")
+        .navigationBarTitleDisplayMode(.inline)
+        .navigationDestination(item: $startedSession) { config in
+            switch config.mode {
+            case .flashcard:
+                VocabFlashcardPracticeView(deckId: config.deckId)
+            case .multipleChoice:
+                VocabMultipleChoicePracticeView(deckId: config.deckId)
+            }
+        }
+        .onAppear(perform: restoreChoice)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Helpers
+
+    private struct DeckGroup {
+        let course: String
+        let decks: [CourseDeck]
+    }
+
+    private var grouped: [DeckGroup] {
+        let byCourse = Dictionary(grouping: decks, by: \.courseName)
+        return byCourse.keys.sorted().map { name in
+            DeckGroup(course: name, decks: (byCourse[name] ?? []).sorted {
+                if $0.weekNumber != $1.weekNumber { return $0.weekNumber < $1.weekNumber }
+                return $0.title < $1.title
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func deckLabel(_ deck: CourseDeck) -> String {
+        "W\(deck.weekNumber) — \(deck.title)"
+    }
+
+    private func restoreChoice() {
+        if !lastDeckId.isEmpty, decks.contains(where: { $0.id == lastDeckId }) {
+            selectedDeckId = lastDeckId
+        }
+        if let m = Mode(rawValue: lastModeRaw) {
+            mode = m
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func persistChoice() {
+        lastDeckId = selectedDeckId ?? ""
+        lastModeRaw = mode.rawValue
+    }
+}