{
  "chapter_id": "45",
  "slug": "que-lo-que",
  "title": "Que & Lo que",
  "time_range_sec": [12168, 12452],
  "summary": "que (no accent) is the conjunction 'that' linking clauses; lo que means 'what / that which' as a relative pronoun for an abstract idea, often appearing at the start or middle of a sentence.",
  "suggested_grammar_note_id": "relative-pronouns",
  "rules": [
    {
      "title": "que (conjunction)",
      "bullets": [
        "Means 'that' — joins a main clause to a subordinate clause.",
        "English may drop 'that' (the book I bought), but Spanish always keeps que.",
        "qué WITH accent = the question word 'what?'"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "lo que (relative pronoun)",
      "bullets": [
        "Means 'what' or 'that which' — never as a question.",
        "Refers to an abstract idea, not a specific noun.",
        "Can appear at the beginning or middle of a sentence and is movable without changing meaning."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "examples": [
    {"es": "Yo usaré el teléfono que yo compré.", "en": "I will use the phone (that) I bought.", "tags": ["que-conjunction"]},
    {"es": "Él quiere el libro que está en el estante.", "en": "He wants the book that is on the shelf.", "tags": ["que-conjunction"]},
    {"es": "La casa que tú ves es grande.", "en": "The house (that) you see is big.", "tags": ["que-conjunction"]},
    {"es": "Nosotros fuimos a un restaurante que es caro.", "en": "We went to a restaurant that is expensive.", "tags": ["que-conjunction"]},
    {"es": "Ellos harán el trabajo que ellos tienen.", "en": "They will do the work (that) they have.", "tags": ["que-conjunction"]},
    {"es": "Yo he tomado la medicina que el doctor me dio.", "en": "I have taken the medicine the doctor gave me.", "tags": ["que-conjunction", "perfect"]},
    {"es": "Yo veo que ese hombre está caminando.", "en": "I see that that man is walking.", "tags": ["que-conjunction", "ese"]},
    {"es": "Lo que yo quiero es una casa.", "en": "What I want is a house.", "tags": ["lo-que"]},
    {"es": "Una casa es lo que yo quiero.", "en": "A house is what I want.", "tags": ["lo-que"]},
    {"es": "Tú no sabes lo que tú quieres.", "en": "You don't know what you want.", "tags": ["lo-que"]},
    {"es": "Él tiene que hacer lo que él necesita hacer.", "en": "He has to do what he needs to do.", "tags": ["lo-que"]},
    {"es": "Lo que ellos necesitan es algo para comer.", "en": "What they need is something to eat.", "tags": ["lo-que"]},
    {"es": "Yo no vi lo que tú me diste.", "en": "I did not see what you gave me.", "tags": ["lo-que"]},
    {"es": "Para visualmente mostrar lo que yo quiero decir.", "en": "To visually show what I want to say.", "tags": ["lo-que"]}
  ],
  "vocab": [
    {"es": "que", "en": "that (conjunction)", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "qué", "en": "what? (question word)", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "lo que", "en": "what / that which", "pos": "phrase"},
    {"es": "estante", "en": "shelf", "pos": "noun"},
    {"es": "medicina", "en": "medicine", "pos": "noun"}
  ],
  "conjugation_tables": [],
  "exercises": [
    {"sentence": "Yo usaré el teléfono _____ yo compré.", "correct": "que", "distractor": "lo que", "explanation": "Refers to a specific noun (teléfono), so use que."},
    {"sentence": "_____ yo quiero es una casa.", "correct": "Lo que", "distractor": "Que", "explanation": "Refers to an abstract idea ('what I want'), so use lo que."},
    {"sentence": "Tú no sabes _____ tú quieres.", "correct": "lo que", "distractor": "que", "explanation": "'What you want' is unspecified — lo que."},
    {"sentence": "La casa _____ tú ves es grande.", "correct": "que", "distractor": "lo que", "explanation": "Modifying a specific noun (casa)."},
    {"sentence": "Yo veo _____ ese hombre está caminando.", "correct": "que", "distractor": "lo que", "explanation": "Conjunction joining clauses ('I see that…')."},
    {"sentence": "_____ ellos necesitan es algo para comer.", "correct": "Lo que", "distractor": "Que", "explanation": "Abstract subject of the sentence."},
    {"sentence": "Yo no vi _____ tú me diste.", "correct": "lo que", "distractor": "que", "explanation": "Unspecified thing — lo que."},
    {"sentence": "Yo he tomado la medicina _____ el doctor me dio.", "correct": "que", "distractor": "lo que", "explanation": "Modifies medicina, a specific noun."}
  ],
  "caveats": "OCR rendered 'que' as 'K' and 'lo que' as 'Lo'. Restored standard spellings; accents on qué for question word."
}
