# 38. Past Participles As Adjectives

- **Time range:** 02:57:26 – 03:01:52  (duration 00:04:26)
- **Source:** [A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish (The Conclusion)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YHDZSHCt1DE&t=10646s)

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> Past Participles As Adjectives

**[02:57:26]** participles as adjectives in Spanish is

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> Past Participles As Adjectives A verb used to forma perfect or a passive tense as an adjective

**[02:57:28]** a form of a verb used to form a perfect or a passive tense as an adjective in

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (In English)

**[02:57:32]** English this concept is very simple because most verbs often end in ed like talk which becomes talked clean which

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (In English) e talk > talked e clean > cleaned

**[02:57:38]** becomes cleaned and so on however there are irregular verbs in English like buy

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (In English) ¢ buy > bought e drive > driven ¢ speak > spoken

**[02:57:43]** Drive speak and so on obviously you don't need to know all of them in

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> Past Participles As Adjectives

**[02:57:46]** Spanish nonetheless you have the same concept but with a bit more variety and just a few irregular verbs that are easy to memorize for regular ar verbs the

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (regular -ar verbs)

**[02:57:54]** form of the past participle is achieved by dropping the ending and putting the ending ad like abl which becomes abl

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (regular -ar verbs) e hablar > hablado ¢ speak > spoken

**[02:58:01]** speak to spoken for regular e and ir

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (regular -er & -ir verbs)

**[02:58:04]** verbs you drop the ending and add the ending Ido like com which is comido and

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (regular -er & -ir verbs) ¢ comer > comido ¢ vivir > vivido ° eat > eaten e live > lived

**[02:58:09]** viid which is vivido meaning eaten and lived in case you want to use any other regular verb that ends in a r e r or I now you know how there are however

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (irregular -er & -ir verbs that have 2 vowels; require an accent on f)

**[02:58:17]** irregular verbs that require an accent on the E primarily e r and ir verbs that end with two vowels like which becomes

> **[on-screen 02:58:24]**
> Past Participles As Adjectives (irregular -er & -ir verbs that have 2 vowels; require an accent on i) ¢ Caer (to fall) > caido (fallen) e Creer (to believe) > creido (believed) e Leer (to read) > leido (read) e Oir (to hear) > oido (heard) e Reir (to laugh) > reido (laughed) e Sonreir (to smile) > sonreido (smiled) ¢ Traer (to bring) > traido (brought)

**[02:58:26]** with an emphasis on the E which becomes which becomes which becomes of course there's other verbs in Spanish that follow this pattern but you don't need to know all

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (generally irregular verbs)

**[02:58:43]** of them at last there are General irregular verbs used as past participles and these

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (generally irregular verbs) ¢ abrir (to open) > abierto (opened) ¢ decir (to say/tell) > dicho (said/told) e describir (to describe) > descrito (described) ¢ descubrir (to discover) > descubierto (discovered) e escribir (to write) > escrito (written) e hacer (to do/make) > hecho (done/make) * morir (to die) > muerto (dead) © poner (to put) > puesto (put) ¢ resolver (to resolve) > resuelto (resolved) * romper (to break) > roto (broken) ° ver (to see) > visto (seen) ¢ volver (to return) > vuelto (returned)

**[02:58:57]** these verbs as adjectives now you know how however in Spanish these verbs are often used with the verb estar because in case you don't remember estar is used

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> Past participles are used with estar because estar applies to health, condition, and emotions When we use past participles as adjectives, we’re using adjectives to describe something for the moment

**[02:59:05]** to describe the condition of things temporarily when we use past participles as adjectives we're using adjectives to describe something for the moment in Spanish gender and plurality have to

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> Past Participles As Adjectives (generally irregular verbs) ¢ abrir (to open) > abierto/a(s) (opened) © decir (to say/tell) » dicho/a(s) (said/told) ¢ describir (to describe) » descrito/a(s) (described) e descubrir (to discover) > descubierto/a(s) (discovered) ¢ escribir (to write) > escrito/a(s) (written) ¢ hacer (to do/make) > hecho/a(s) (done/make) ¢ morir (to die) > muerto/a(s) (dead) * poner (to put) > puesto/a(s) (put) ¢ resolver (to resolve) > resuelto/a(s) (resolved) © romper (to break) roto/a(s) (broken) ¢ ver (to see) > visto/a(s) (seen) ¢ volver (to return) > vuelto/a(s) (returned)

**[02:59:14]** match in the sentence and here are some examples saying something like I close

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives | closed the door

**[02:59:18]** the door would

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives | closed the door > Yo cerré la puerta

**[02:59:20]** be but another way to say the sentence

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives | closed the door > Yo cerré la puerta The door is closed > La puerta esta cerrada

**[02:59:23]** is the door is closed and as you can see we're using the verb to describe the condition of the door with s being the adjective that matches the gender hence puera is a feminine word Additionally you don't have to use the verb EST when writing such a sentence instead we can just say the closed door which would be LA and

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives | closed the door > Yo cerré la puerta The door is closed > La puerta esta cerrada The closed door

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives | closed the door > Yo cerré la puerta The door is closed > La puerta esta cerrada The closed door > La puerta cerrada

**[02:59:42]** because we're using a past participle le as an adjective we have to put it after

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives | closed the door > Yo cerré la puerta The door is closed > La puerta esta cerrada The closed door ~ La puerta cerrada

**[02:59:46]** the noun because it's a rule in Spanish and basically the same idea applies to any sentence you want to say and here are some examples how would you say the

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The book is open

**[02:59:52]** phrase the book is

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The book is open > El libro esta abierto

**[02:59:55]** open and now how would you say this phrase without

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The book is open > El libro esta abierto El libro abierto ~ The open book

**[03:00:00]** aarto meaning the opened book with abto being an irregular adjective how would

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The texts are written

**[03:00:05]** you say the texts are written

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The texts are written > Los textos estan escritos

**[03:00:08]** texos and now how would you say this phrase without

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The texts are written > Los textos estan escritos Los textos escritos - The written texts

**[03:00:12]** AAR the written text how would you say

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The bed is made

**[03:00:16]** the bed is

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The bed is made > La cama esta hecha La cama hecha > The made bed

**[03:00:18]** made or meaning the made bed how would you say the problem is

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The problem is resolved

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The problem is resolved > El problema esta resuelto El problema resuelto > The resolved problem

**[03:00:27]** or the resolved problem how would you

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives My answers are completed

**[03:00:29]** say my answers are

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives My answers are completed ~ Mis respuestas estan completas Mis respuestas completas > My completed answers

**[03:00:35]** or my completed answers and here's a very interesting one how would you say

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The day is dead

**[03:00:40]** the day is

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The day is dead > El dia esta muerto

**[03:00:42]** dead now how would you say say the dead

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The day is dead > El dia esta muerto The dead day

**[03:00:44]** day El muerto hopefully you can see

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The day is dead > El dia esta muerto The dead day ~ El dia muerto

**[03:00:47]** where I'm going with this and if not what I'm trying to say is the Day of the

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The day is dead > El dia esta muerto The dead day ~ El dia muerto The Day of the Dead

**[03:00:50]** Dead which is a famous Mexican holiday

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The day is dead ~ El dia esta muerto The dead day > El dia muerto The Day of the Dead $e

**[03:00:52]** that people hear about how would you say this phrase in Spanish de muos The Day of the Dead muos

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> Examples With Past Participles As Adjectives The day is dead > El dia esta muerto The dead day > El dia muerto The Day of the Dead El Dia de los Muertos

**[03:00:58]** is a past participle used as an adjective that's plural and now hopefully you understand what this phrase means and here I want to show one personal concept that I used to think about when I was learning Spanish through English in English I used to think of phrases like I finished and I

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> | finished lam finished

**[03:01:12]** am finished looking at these phrases I used to think that the same concept work in Spanish because English has the same word for finished in the two sentences therefore I thought that the way you say the phrases in Spanish is and and the

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> I finished lam finished Yo terminé Yo estoy terminé

**[03:01:26]** reason why I thought this way is because the word finished doesn't change in English so it must be the same in Spanish however because at the time I haven't learned past participles yet this is where I realized that the phrases are Y and ymin with termin being

> **[on-screen 03:01:38]**
> I finished | am finished Yo terminé Yo estoy terminado

**[03:01:40]** the adjective and here my thinking process changed because I realized why English is a simple language especially when it's compared to Spanish in these cases you have to watch out for these ideas when you learn languages because it teaches you how to think properly so
