# 09. Possessive Adjectives

> Source: [A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YHDZSHCt1DE&t=2152s)

Possessive adjectives indicate that something belongs to someone. In Spanish they always come before the noun, agree in number with that noun, and (only for `nuestro` and `vuestro`) also agree in gender.

## Key Rules
- Possessive adjective comes **before** the noun: `mi casa`, `tu perro`, `su amigo`.
- All possessives pluralize by adding **-s**: `mi → mis`, `tu → tus`, `su → sus`.
- Only **nuestro/a/os/as** and **vuestro/a/os/as** change for gender.
- **mi** (no accent) = my (adjective). **mí** (with accent) = me (object pronoun).
- **tu** (no accent) = your (adjective). **tú** (with accent) = you (subject pronoun).
- **su** can mean *his, her, its,* or *their* — context (or naming the subject) clarifies.

## Pattern Table

| English | Singular | Plural |
|---------|----------|--------|
| my | mi | mis |
| your (informal sing.) | tu | tus |
| his / her / its / their / your (formal) | su | sus |
| our | nuestro / nuestra | nuestros / nuestras |
| y'all's (Spain, informal pl.) | vuestro / vuestra | vuestros / vuestras |

## Examples
| Spanish | English |
|---------|---------|
| Mi coche. | My car. |
| Mis coches. | My cars. |
| Tu perro. | Your dog. |
| Tus perros. | Your dogs. |
| Nuestro gato. | Our cat. |
| Nuestra rosa. | Our rose. |
| Vuestro gato. | Y'all's cat. |
| Vuestra rosa. | Y'all's rose. |
| Yo hablo con su amigo. | I talk with his/her/their friend. |
| Yo hablo con John y con su padre. | I talk with John and with his father. |
| Yo hablo con Emma y con su madre. | I talk with Emma and with her mother. |
| Yo hablo con mis padres y con sus amigos. | I talk with my parents and with their friends. |

## Notes & Gotchas
- **su** is ambiguous — to disambiguate, name the owner explicitly (`con John y su padre`).
- Don't confuse `mi`/`mí` and `tu`/`tú` — the accent flips them between adjective and pronoun.
- Spanish possessives agree with **what is owned**, not with the owner (unlike "his/her" in English).
- `vuestro` is mainly used in Spain; Latin America uses `su(s)` for plural "your" too.
