# 47. Verbs in the Present Subjunctive

- **Time range:** 03:35:21 – 03:44:33  (duration 00:09:12)
- **Source:** [A Complete Guide To Every Fundamental In Spanish (The Conclusion)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YHDZSHCt1DE&t=12921s)

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**[03:35:21]** in this video I'll explain how all types of verbs work in the present subjunctive in Spanish which is a continuation from

> **[on-screen 03:35:26]**
> The Subjunctive In Spanish

**[03:35:27]** the previous video where I talked about the principles of the subjunctive and understanding how it functions in these upcoming videos I'll be covering each tense of the subjunctive starting from the present all the way to the Past

> **[on-screen 03:35:36]**
> The Present Subjunctive:

**[03:35:37]** Perfect while showing useful sentences and explaining the concept of each tense the present subjunctive is the first tense that is learned conceptually but it's actually one of the hardest concepts of the subjunctive mainly because it has a lot of irregular verbs including irregular y verbs verbs ending

> **[on-screen 03:35:51]**
> The Present Subjunctive: e Irregular “yo” verbs ¢ Verbs ending in -car, -gar, & -zar e Stem-changing verbs e Irregular verbs in general

**[03:35:52]** in k g and S stem changing and irregular verbs in general like I said in the previous video you will have to memorize every conjugation of every verb because

> **[on-screen 03:36:00]**
> The Present Subjunctive: e Irregular “yo” verbs ¢ Verbs ending in -car, -gar, & -zar e Stem-changing verbs e Irregular verbs in general subject/verb/que/subject/verb

**[03:36:00]** the second part of the phrase subject verb K subject verb can have any pronoun and any verb however in order to activate the subjunctive the first verb

> **[on-screen 03:36:08]**
> The Present Subjunctive: e Irregular “yo” verbs ¢ Verbs ending in -car, -gar, & -zar e Stem-changing verbs e Irregular verbs in general subject/verb/que/subject/verb WEIRD

**[03:36:08]** in the sentence would have to be a verb coming from weird which I showed in the previous video before showing sentences in the present subjunctive we need to understand how every type of verb functions in the present subjunctive in the second part of the sentence beginning with regular a r e r and i

> **[on-screen 03:36:20]**
> Regular -ar, -er, & -ir verbs:

**[03:36:22]** verbs all the way to irregular verbs in general regular a r e r and i verbs in the present subjunctive are conjugated similarly to negative two commands by

> **[on-screen 03:36:30]**
> Regular -ar, -er, & -ir verbs: (similar to negative tu commands)

**[03:36:31]** changing the ending to the opposite type of the verb itself for regular a verbs

> **[on-screen 03:36:35]**
> Regular -ar verbs: (present simple) O amos as | ais a an

**[03:36:35]** you keep the same ending as you would in

> **[on-screen 03:36:36]**
> Regular -ar verbs: (present simple) Oo | amos as ais a an

**[03:36:37]** the present simple but instead of having an A in every conjugation you need to

> **[on-screen 03:36:41]**
> Regular -ar verbs: (present subjunctive) e |emos es éis e en

**[03:36:41]** change it to e taking the verb abl as an

> **[on-screen 03:36:43]**
> Regular -ar verbs: (present simple) hablo | hablamos hablas | hablais habla | hablan hablar - to speak

**[03:36:44]** example instead of keeping its form in the present simple we have to change only one vowel so that it matches the present subjunctive y means I speak in the present subjunctive to AES means you speak El means he speaks and so on that's how regular a verbs work in the present subjunctive for regular eer and

> **[on-screen 03:37:01]**
> Regular -er & -ir verbs: (present simple) fe) emos/imos es éis/is e en

**[03:37:02]** I verbs you keep the same ending as you

> **[on-screen 03:37:03]**
> Regular -er & -ir verbs: (present simple) fe) emos/imos es_ | éis/is e jen

**[03:37:04]** would in the present simple but instead of having an e or E we need to change

> **[on-screen 03:37:08]**
> Regular -er & -ir verbs: (present subjunctive) a amos as ais a jan

**[03:37:08]** the vowel to a taking the ver

> **[on-screen 03:37:10]**
> Regular -er & -ir verbs: (present simple) como/vivo | comemos/vivimos comes/vives | coméis/vivis come/vive | comen/viven comer - to eat / vivir - to live

**[03:37:11]** and VI in the present subjunctive we have to change only one vowel yoa or Y via means I eat or I live toas or to Vivas means you eat or you live and so on that's how regular eer and I verbs work in the present subjunctive and if

> **[on-screen 03:37:26]**
> Regular -ar, -er, & -ir verbs: -ar verbs: -er & -ir verbs: e a es as e a emos amos éis ais en an

**[03:37:26]** you take a closer look you can probably tell that only one letter changes in these verbs so it's basically a switch

> **[on-screen 03:37:32]**
> Regular -ar, -er, & -ir verbs: -ar verbs: -er &-ir verbs: e a es as e a emos amos éis ais en an

**[03:37:32]** between the types of verbs that's how regular verbs function in the present subjunctive specifically in the second

> **[on-screen 03:37:36]**
> Regular -ar, -er, & -ir verbs: -ar verbs: -er & -ir verbs: e a es as e F cmos“ sNiqueisey OS els M.C.que/S/V als en an

**[03:37:37]** part of the phrase subject verb K subject verb or a main Clause plus subject verb now that I showed how regular verbs work in the present subjunctive you'll have to memorize this pattern because you will have to use it all the time whenever you want to say a sentence in the present subjunctive using any pronoun and any regular a eer or IR verb that's the first concept of the present subjunctive the second

> **[on-screen 03:37:57]**
> 2. Irregular “Yo” verbs: (similar to nosotros commands)

**[03:37:57]** concept of the present subjunctive is irregular yo verbs which are similar to nootro commands obviously I will not put every irregular yo verb on the list because you don't need all of them instead I'll give the most useful verbs which include cond

> **[on-screen 03:38:10]**
> 2. Irregular “Yo” verbs: (similar to nosotros commands) ¢ Conducir - to drive ¢ Decir - to say/tell e Hacer - to do/make ¢ Oir - to hear e Tener - to have ¢ Traer - to bring ¢ Venir - to come e Ver - to see

**[03:38:16]** will follow these irregular patterns but you don't need to know them what makes irregular y verbs more difficult than regular verbs is the way they're

> **[on-screen 03:38:22]**
> 2. Irregular “Yo” verbs: (similar to nosotros commands) ° Gonducir-te drive pay cLose ¢ Decir - to say/tell ATTENTION e Hacer - to do/make To How ° Oir - to hear => CONJUGATE e Tener - to have AND ¢ Traer - to bring MEMORIZE ¢ Venir - to come THEM e Ver - to see

**[03:38:23]** conjugated for every pronoun and the way that you have to memorize their pattern typically irregular yo verbs are only irregular in the yo pronoun in the present simple taking the verb conduc in

> **[on-screen 03:38:31]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present simple) conduzco | conducimos conduces | conducis conduce | conducen conducir - to drive

**[03:38:32]** the present simple every word is conjugated normally except in the yo pronoun yo condus in the present

> **[on-screen 03:38:37]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) conduzco conducir - to drive

**[03:38:38]** subjunctive however you will have to take the ending of of the conjugation of the yo pronoun and repeated across every

> **[on-screen 03:38:42]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) conduzc | conduzc conduzc | conduzc conduzc | conduzc conducir - to drive

**[03:38:43]** pronoun additionally because cond is an IR verb we have to put the opposite

> **[on-screen 03:38:47]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) conduzca | conduzcamos conduzcas | conduzcais conduzca | conduzcan conducir - to drive

**[03:38:48]** ending from A and E to a so that it corresponds to every pronoun in the present subjunctive conduc will look like this Y cond toas elusa and so on as you can see we took the irregular

> **[on-screen 03:39:01]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present simple) conduzco conducir - to drive

**[03:39:01]** conjugation of the Y pronoun from the present simple and put it at the end of

> **[on-screen 03:39:04]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) conduzca | conduzcamos conduzcas | conduzcais conduzca | conduzcan conducir - to drive

**[03:39:05]** every conjugation in the present subjunctive additionally we also change the vowel in the end from from A and E to a in order to maintain the proper conjugation of every pronoun that's the system of conjugating irregular y verbs in the present subjunctive and as I said in the previous video you will have to memorize every conjugation of every pronoun because any pronoun aside from

> **[on-screen 03:39:24]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) conduzca | conduzcamos conduzcas contiuredis_ conduzca | conduzcan conducir - to drive

**[03:39:24]** vosotros can be used in the present subjunctive now that you hopefully

> **[on-screen 03:39:27]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive)

**[03:39:28]** understand this concept let's finish the rest of the irregular y verbs in the present subjunctive together let's take

> **[on-screen 03:39:33]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) decir - to say/tell

**[03:39:33]** the verb from what have shown how to conjugate the verb the in the present subjunctive in case you're having trouble remember to to take the

> **[on-screen 03:39:40]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present simple) digo decir - to say/tell

**[03:39:40]** conjugation of the yo pronoun from the present simple apply the ending to every pronoun and change the vowel at the end to match the pronoun in the present subjunctive the will look like this

> **[on-screen 03:39:50]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) diga | digamos digas | digdis diga | digan decir - to say/tell

**[03:39:51]** Y and so on like I said previously you will have to memorize every conjugation of every pronoun after the we have the

> **[on-screen 03:39:58]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) hacer - to do/make

**[03:39:58]** verb how would you conjugate this verb in the present

> **[on-screen 03:40:03]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) haga | hagamos hagas | hagais haga | hagan hacer - to do/make

**[03:40:04]** toas and so on now how would you

> **[on-screen 03:40:06]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) oir - to hear

**[03:40:08]** o y o

> **[on-screen 03:40:10]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) oiga | oigamos oigas | oigais oiga | oigan oir - to hear

**[03:40:12]** to and so on how do you conjugate the

> **[on-screen 03:40:14]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) tener - to have

> **[on-screen 03:40:17]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) tenga | tengamos tengas | tengais tenga | tengan tener - to have

> **[on-screen 03:40:20]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) traer - to bring

> **[on-screen 03:40:24]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) traiga | traigamos traigas| traigdais traiga | traigan traer - to bring

> **[on-screen 03:40:28]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) venir - to come

> **[on-screen 03:40:30]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) venga | vengamos vengas | vengais venga | vengan venir - to come

**[03:40:30]** Yas Ela and so on and finally how do you

> **[on-screen 03:40:34]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) ver - to see

> **[on-screen 03:40:37]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) vea veamos veas veais vea vean ver - to see

**[03:40:41]** of how irregular y verbs function in the present subjunctive and like I say all the time you need to memorize all of these conjugations because any pronoun can be used in the present subjunctive of course there's other irregular y verbs in the present subjunctive but we don't need to cover all of them that's the second concept of the present subjunctive the third concept of the

> **[on-screen 03:40:57]**
> 3. Verbs ending in -car, -gar, & -zar: (they have a spelling change; think of “yo” from the past simple)

**[03:40:58]** present subjunctive is verbs that end in K G and S and these verbs have a spelling change in every conjugation an easy way to memorize them is by using the irregular conjugation of the yo pronoun from the past simple to make your learning much simp I'm going to use

> **[on-screen 03:41:10]**
> 3. Verbs ending in -car, -gar, & -zar: (they have a spelling change; think of “yo” from the past simple) e Marcar - to mark e Pagar - to pay e Organizar - to organize

**[03:41:10]** one verb from each category to show how the system functions let's take the verb marar in order to put this verb in the

> **[on-screen 03:41:15]**
> Verbs ending in -car, -gar & -zar: (past simple) marqué marcar - to mark

**[03:41:16]** present subjunctive we have to take its irregular form in the yo pronoun from the past simple and replicate it across

> **[on-screen 03:41:21]**
> Verbs ending in -car, -gar & -zar: (present subjunctive) marqu | marqu marqu marqu marqu | marqu marcar - to mark

**[03:41:22]** every pronoun and then change the vowel

> **[on-screen 03:41:23]**
> Verbs ending in -car, -gar & -zar: (present subjunctive) marque | marquemos marques | marquéis marque | marquen marcar - to mark

**[03:41:23]** at the end so that it matches the pronoun marar in the present subjunctive to and so on that's the spelling change that this verb has along with the vowel change in the end now let's take the

> **[on-screen 03:41:36]**
> Verbs ending in -car, -gar & -zar: (present subjunctive) pagar - to pay

**[03:41:36]** verb pagar how would you conjugate this verb in the present subjunctive

> **[on-screen 03:41:42]**
> Verbs ending in -car, -gar & -zar: (present subjunctive) pague | paguemos pagues | paguéis pague | paguen pagar - to pay

**[03:41:45]** that this verb has at last let's take

> **[on-screen 03:41:47]**
> Verbs ending in -car, -gar & -zar: (present subjunctive) organizar - to organize

**[03:41:47]** the verb Oran how would you conjugate it in the present subjunctive or Oran Oran and so on

> **[on-screen 03:41:52]**
> Verbs ending in -car, -gar & -zar: (present subjunctive) organice | organicemos organices | organicéis organice | organicen organizar - to organize

**[03:41:56]** that's the third concept of the present subjunctive the fourth concept of the

> **[on-screen 03:41:58]**
> 4. Stem-Changing Verbs: (they keep the same changes as in the present simple, except when changing the vowel in the end)

**[03:41:59]** present subjunctive is stem changing verbs which I think is the easiest mainly because they have the same changes as they do in the present simple except when changing the vowel in the end taking verbs like pensar and

> **[on-screen 03:42:09]**
> 4. Stem-Changing Verbs: (they keep the same changes as in the present simple, except when changing the vowel in the end) e Pensar (e>ie) - to think e Volver (o>ue) - to return

**[03:42:10]** the only difference between these verbs in the present simple and the present subjunctive is the ending stem changing verbs function the same way as in the present simple except with the vowel

> **[on-screen 03:42:18]**
> Stem-Changing Verbs: (present simple) pienso/vuelvo | pensamos/volvemos piensas/vuelves | pensais/volvéis piensa/vuelve | piensan/vuelven pensar - to think / volver - to return

**[03:42:19]** change at the end y becomes y y becomes

> **[on-screen 03:42:22]**
> Stem-Changing Verbs: (present subjunctive) piense/vuelva | pensemos/volvamos pienses/vuelvas | penséis/volvais piense/vuelva | piensen/vuelvan pensar - to think / volver - to return

**[03:42:23]** Y and the same idea applies to the rest of the conjugations into to any other stem changing verb however there are a

> **[on-screen 03:42:29]**
> 4. Stem-Changing Verbs: (verbs ending in -ir change their stem in nosotros & vosotros)

**[03:42:29]** few exceptions involving verbs ending in IR that change their stem in the noos and vosotros pronouns these verbs can go from E to e like ped from E to E like

> **[on-screen 03:42:37]**
> 4. Stem-Changing Verbs: (verbs ending in -ir change their stem in nosotros & vosotros) ¢ Pedir (ei) - to ask for (pidamos & pidais) ¢ Sentir (e>ie) - to feel (sintamos & sintais) ¢ Dormir (o>ue) - to sleep (durmamos & durmais)

**[03:42:41]** and from o to like there could be other verbs in the present subjunctive that follow these patterns but you don't need to know all of them that's how stem changing verbs work in the present subjunctive and now we get to irregular

> **[on-screen 03:42:51]**
> 5. Irregular Verbs In General: (they have little to no pattern to follow; there’s only 5 of them)

**[03:42:52]** verbs in general which have little to no pattern to follow at all so you will have to remember them as they are in this category there are only five verbs

> **[on-screen 03:42:59]**
> 5. Irregular Verbs In General: (they have little to no pattern to follow; there’s only 5 of them) e Estar - to be e Dar - to give e Ser - to be e Saber - to know e Ir- to go

**[03:43:00]** EST and in the present subjunctive the

> **[on-screen 03:43:03]**
> Irregular Verbs In General: (estar, dar, ser, saber, ir) esté | estemos estés | estéis esté | estén Estar - to be

**[03:43:03]** verb EST will look like this EST EST EST and so on what makes EST irregular in the present subjunctive is the presence

> **[on-screen 03:43:12]**
> Irregular Verbs In General: (estar, dar, ser, saber, ir) esté | estemos estés | estéis esté | estén Estar - to be

**[03:43:12]** of accents except noos nonetheless it's a simple verb to memorize after estar we have the verb Dar which looks like

> **[on-screen 03:43:17]**
> Irregular Verbs In General: (estar, dar, ser, saber, ir) dé | demos des | deis dé | den Dar - to give

**[03:43:20]** this and so on after we have the verb

> **[on-screen 03:43:23]**
> Irregular Verbs In General: (estar, dar, ser, saber, ir) sea seamos seas | seais sea sean Ser - to be

**[03:43:23]** which copies the same pattern as the

> **[on-screen 03:43:24]**
> Irregular “Yo” verbs: (present subjunctive) vea veamos veas veais vea vean ver - to see

> **[on-screen 03:43:26]**
> Irregular Verbs In General: (estar, dar, ser, saber, ir) sea seamos seas | seais sea sean Ser - to be

> **[on-screen 03:43:30]**
> Irregular Verbs In General: (estar, dar, ser, saber, ir) sepa | sepamos sepas | sepais sepa | sepan Saber - to know

**[03:43:31]** which has a pattern similar to its form in the past simple y to and so on and finally we have the

> **[on-screen 03:43:38]**
> Irregular Verbs In General: (estar, dar, ser, saber, ir) vaya | vayamos vayas | vayais vaya | vayan Ir - to go

**[03:43:38]** verb which by by far is the most irregular verb in the present subjunctive y to El and so on even though you can technically find a pattern in some of these verbs I recommend just memorizing them in one motion and right now I covered the fifth and final concept of the present subjunctive in this video in the video before this one I explained how the subjunctive Works in Spanish by talking about its tenses verbs and conjugations that you all have to know understand and memorize even though I did not present any sentences in this video I did give a sufficient amount of information in order to understand how the present subjunctive works and how all types of verbs function in it in the next video I'll only show phrases and sentences in order to fully finish the concept of the present subjunctive for your information there will not be any sentences involving negatives and reflexive verbs mainly because they're not that useful in the present subjunctive and also because there is no irregular concept with them so that's it in this video
