Phases 1-4: full VNC client implementation

- SessionController wraps RoyalVNCKit.VNCConnection via nonisolated delegate
  adapter that bridges callbacks to @MainActor; Keychain-resolved passwords;
  reconnect with jittered exponential backoff; NWPathMonitor adaptive-quality
  hook; framebuffer rendered to CALayer.contents from didUpdateFramebuffer.
- Touch + trackpad input modes with floating soft cursor overlay; hardware
  keyboard via pressesBegan/Ended → X11 keysyms; UIPointerInteraction with
  hidden cursor for indirect pointers; pinch-to-zoom; Apple Pencil as direct
  touch; two-finger pan / indirect scroll wheel events.
- Bidirectional clipboard sync (per-connection opt-in); multi-monitor screen
  picker with input remapping; screenshot capture → share sheet; on-disconnect
  reconnect/close prompt; view-only and curtain-mode persisted.
- iPad multi-window via WindowGroup(for: UUID.self) + context-menu open;
  CloudKit-backed ModelContainer with local fallback; PrivacyInfo.xcprivacy.

10 VNCCore tests + 4 VNCUI tests pass; iPhone and iPad simulator builds clean.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Clipboard/ClipboardBridge.swift

@@ -1,26 +1,25 @@
 import Foundation
+import Observation
 #if canImport(UIKit)
 import UIKit
 #endif
 
+@Observable
 @MainActor
 public final class ClipboardBridge {
-    public var isEnabled: Bool = true
+    public var isEnabled: Bool
 
-    public init() {}
+    public init(isEnabled: Bool = true) {
+        self.isEnabled = isEnabled
+    }
 
     public func readLocal() -> String? {
-        #if canImport(UIKit)
-        return UIPasteboard.general.string
-        #else
-        return nil
-        #endif
+        guard isEnabled else { return nil }
+        return ClipboardSink.read()
     }
 
-    public func writeLocal(_ string: String) {
+    public func writeLocal(_ text: String) {
         guard isEnabled else { return }
-        #if canImport(UIKit)
-        UIPasteboard.general.string = string
-        #endif
+        ClipboardSink.set(text)
     }
 }

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Discovery/DiscoveryService.swift

@@ -3,11 +3,64 @@ import Network
 import Observation
 
 public struct DiscoveredHost: Identifiable, Hashable, Sendable {
-    public let id: String       // stable identifier (name + type)
+    public let id: String
     public let displayName: String
+    public let serviceType: String
     public let host: String?
     public let port: Int?
-    public let serviceType: String
+    fileprivate let endpoint: BonjourEndpointReference?
+
+    public init(
+        id: String,
+        displayName: String,
+        serviceType: String,
+        host: String? = nil,
+        port: Int? = nil
+    ) {
+        self.id = id
+        self.displayName = displayName
+        self.serviceType = serviceType
+        self.host = host
+        self.port = port
+        self.endpoint = nil
+    }
+
+    fileprivate init(
+        id: String,
+        displayName: String,
+        serviceType: String,
+        endpoint: BonjourEndpointReference?
+    ) {
+        self.id = id
+        self.displayName = displayName
+        self.serviceType = serviceType
+        self.host = nil
+        self.port = nil
+        self.endpoint = endpoint
+    }
+}
+
+fileprivate struct BonjourEndpointReference: Hashable, Sendable {
+    let endpoint: NWEndpoint
+
+    static func == (lhs: BonjourEndpointReference, rhs: BonjourEndpointReference) -> Bool {
+        lhs.endpoint.debugDescription == rhs.endpoint.debugDescription
+    }
+
+    func hash(into hasher: inout Hasher) {
+        hasher.combine(endpoint.debugDescription)
+    }
+}
+
+public struct ResolvedHost: Sendable, Hashable {
+    public let host: String
+    public let port: Int
+}
+
+public enum DiscoveryError: Error, Sendable {
+    case unresolvable
+    case timedOut
+    case unsupported
 }
 
 @Observable
@@ -25,12 +78,13 @@ public final class DiscoveryService {
         isBrowsing = true
         hosts = []
 
-        for type in ["_rfb._tcp", "_workstation._tcp"] {
+        for type in DiscoveryService.serviceTypes {
             let descriptor = NWBrowser.Descriptor.bonjour(type: type, domain: nil)
             let browser = NWBrowser(for: descriptor, using: .tcp)
             browser.browseResultsChangedHandler = { [weak self] results, _ in
+                let snapshot = results
                 Task { @MainActor in
-                    self?.merge(results: results, serviceType: type)
+                    self?.merge(results: snapshot, serviceType: type)
                 }
             }
             browser.start(queue: .main)
@@ -44,19 +98,100 @@ public final class DiscoveryService {
         isBrowsing = false
     }
 
+    public func resolve(_ host: DiscoveredHost) async throws -> ResolvedHost {
+        guard let reference = host.endpoint else {
+            if let h = host.host, let p = host.port {
+                return ResolvedHost(host: h, port: p)
+            }
+            throw DiscoveryError.unsupported
+        }
+        return try await Self.resolve(endpoint: reference.endpoint,
+                                      defaultPort: host.serviceType == "_rfb._tcp" ? 5900 : 5900)
+    }
+
+    nonisolated static let serviceTypes = ["_rfb._tcp", "_workstation._tcp"]
+
     private func merge(results: Set<NWBrowser.Result>, serviceType: String) {
         let newHosts = results.compactMap { result -> DiscoveredHost? in
             guard case let .service(name, type, _, _) = result.endpoint else { return nil }
+            let id = "\(type)\(name)"
             return DiscoveredHost(
-                id: "\(type)\(name)",
+                id: id,
                 displayName: name,
-                host: nil,       // resolved at connect time
-                port: nil,
-                serviceType: serviceType
+                serviceType: serviceType,
+                endpoint: BonjourEndpointReference(endpoint: result.endpoint)
             )
         }
         var merged = hosts.filter { $0.serviceType != serviceType }
         merged.append(contentsOf: newHosts)
         hosts = merged.sorted { $0.displayName < $1.displayName }
     }
+
+    nonisolated private static func resolve(endpoint: NWEndpoint,
+                                            defaultPort: Int) async throws -> ResolvedHost {
+        let parameters = NWParameters.tcp
+        let connection = NWConnection(to: endpoint, using: parameters)
+        let resumeBox = ResumeBox()
+
+        return try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { continuation in
+            connection.stateUpdateHandler = { state in
+                switch state {
+                case .ready:
+                    if let endpoint = connection.currentPath?.remoteEndpoint,
+                       let resolvedHost = Self.parseEndpoint(endpoint, defaultPort: defaultPort) {
+                        if resumeBox.tryClaim() {
+                            connection.cancel()
+                            continuation.resume(returning: resolvedHost)
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if resumeBox.tryClaim() {
+                            connection.cancel()
+                            continuation.resume(throwing: DiscoveryError.unresolvable)
+                        }
+                    }
+                case .failed(let error):
+                    if resumeBox.tryClaim() {
+                        connection.cancel()
+                        continuation.resume(throwing: error)
+                    }
+                case .cancelled:
+                    if resumeBox.tryClaim() {
+                        continuation.resume(throwing: CancellationError())
+                    }
+                default:
+                    break
+                }
+            }
+            connection.start(queue: .global(qos: .userInitiated))
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class ResumeBox: @unchecked Sendable {
+        private let lock = NSLock()
+        private var resumed = false
+        func tryClaim() -> Bool {
+            lock.lock()
+            defer { lock.unlock() }
+            guard !resumed else { return false }
+            resumed = true
+            return true
+        }
+    }
+
+    nonisolated private static func parseEndpoint(_ endpoint: NWEndpoint,
+                                                  defaultPort: Int) -> ResolvedHost? {
+        switch endpoint {
+        case .hostPort(let host, let port):
+            let hostString: String
+            switch host {
+            case .name(let name, _): hostString = name
+            case .ipv4(let addr): hostString = "\(addr)"
+            case .ipv6(let addr): hostString = "\(addr)"
+            @unknown default: return nil
+            }
+            return ResolvedHost(host: hostString, port: Int(port.rawValue))
+        default:
+            return nil
+        }
+    }
 }

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Session/NetworkPathProviding.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import Foundation
+import Network
+
+public struct NetworkPathSnapshot: Sendable, Equatable {
+    public enum LinkType: Sendable, Hashable {
+        case wifi, cellular, wired, loopback, other, unavailable
+    }
+
+    public let isAvailable: Bool
+    public let isExpensive: Bool
+    public let isConstrained: Bool
+    public let link: LinkType
+
+    public init(isAvailable: Bool,
+                isExpensive: Bool,
+                isConstrained: Bool,
+                link: LinkType) {
+        self.isAvailable = isAvailable
+        self.isExpensive = isExpensive
+        self.isConstrained = isConstrained
+        self.link = link
+    }
+
+    public static let unknown = NetworkPathSnapshot(
+        isAvailable: true,
+        isExpensive: false,
+        isConstrained: false,
+        link: .other
+    )
+}
+
+public protocol NetworkPathProviding: Sendable {
+    var pathChanges: AsyncStream<NetworkPathSnapshot> { get }
+}
+
+public final class NWPathObserver: NetworkPathProviding, @unchecked Sendable {
+    private let monitor: NWPathMonitor
+    private let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "com.screens.vnc.path")
+
+    public init() {
+        self.monitor = NWPathMonitor()
+    }
+
+    public var pathChanges: AsyncStream<NetworkPathSnapshot> {
+        AsyncStream { continuation in
+            monitor.pathUpdateHandler = { path in
+                continuation.yield(Self.snapshot(for: path))
+            }
+            monitor.start(queue: queue)
+            continuation.onTermination = { [monitor] _ in
+                monitor.cancel()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func snapshot(for path: NWPath) -> NetworkPathSnapshot {
+        let link: NetworkPathSnapshot.LinkType
+        switch path.status {
+        case .satisfied:
+            if path.usesInterfaceType(.wifi) {
+                link = .wifi
+            } else if path.usesInterfaceType(.cellular) {
+                link = .cellular
+            } else if path.usesInterfaceType(.wiredEthernet) {
+                link = .wired
+            } else if path.usesInterfaceType(.loopback) {
+                link = .loopback
+            } else {
+                link = .other
+            }
+        default:
+            link = .unavailable
+        }
+        return NetworkPathSnapshot(
+            isAvailable: path.status == .satisfied,
+            isExpensive: path.isExpensive,
+            isConstrained: path.isConstrained,
+            link: link
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+public struct StaticPathProvider: NetworkPathProviding {
+    private let snapshot: NetworkPathSnapshot
+
+    public init(_ snapshot: NetworkPathSnapshot = .unknown) {
+        self.snapshot = snapshot
+    }
+
+    public var pathChanges: AsyncStream<NetworkPathSnapshot> {
+        let snapshot = self.snapshot
+        return AsyncStream { continuation in
+            continuation.yield(snapshot)
+            continuation.finish()
+        }
+    }
+}

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Session/PasswordProvider.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import Foundation
+
+public protocol PasswordProviding: Sendable {
+    func password(for keychainTag: String) -> String?
+}
+
+public struct DefaultPasswordProvider: PasswordProviding {
+    private let keychain: any KeychainServicing
+
+    public init(keychain: any KeychainServicing = KeychainService()) {
+        self.keychain = keychain
+    }
+
+    public func password(for keychainTag: String) -> String? {
+        try? keychain.loadPassword(account: keychainTag)
+    }
+}
+
+public struct StaticPasswordProvider: PasswordProviding {
+    private let password: String
+
+    public init(password: String) {
+        self.password = password
+    }
+
+    public func password(for keychainTag: String) -> String? {
+        password
+    }
+}

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Session/PointerButton.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import Foundation
+
+public enum PointerButton: Sendable, Hashable, CaseIterable {
+    case left
+    case middle
+    case right
+}
+
+public enum ScrollDirection: Sendable, Hashable, CaseIterable {
+    case up
+    case down
+    case left
+    case right
+}

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Session/ReconnectPolicy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import Foundation
+
+public struct ReconnectPolicy: Sendable {
+    public let maxAttempts: Int
+    public let baseDelaySeconds: Double
+    public let maxDelaySeconds: Double
+    public let jitterFraction: Double
+
+    public init(
+        maxAttempts: Int = 6,
+        baseDelaySeconds: Double = 1.0,
+        maxDelaySeconds: Double = 30.0,
+        jitterFraction: Double = 0.25
+    ) {
+        self.maxAttempts = maxAttempts
+        self.baseDelaySeconds = baseDelaySeconds
+        self.maxDelaySeconds = maxDelaySeconds
+        self.jitterFraction = jitterFraction
+    }
+
+    public static let `default` = ReconnectPolicy()
+    public static let none = ReconnectPolicy(maxAttempts: 0)
+
+    public func shouldReconnect(for reason: DisconnectReason) -> Bool {
+        guard maxAttempts > 0 else { return false }
+        switch reason {
+        case .userRequested, .authenticationFailed:
+            return false
+        case .networkError, .protocolError, .remoteClosed:
+            return true
+        }
+    }
+
+    public func delay(for attempt: Int) -> Double? {
+        guard attempt > 0, attempt <= maxAttempts else { return nil }
+        let exponential = baseDelaySeconds * pow(2.0, Double(attempt - 1))
+        let capped = min(exponential, maxDelaySeconds)
+        let jitter = capped * jitterFraction
+        let lower = max(0, capped - jitter)
+        let upper = capped + jitter
+        return Double.random(in: lower...upper)
+    }
+}

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Session/RemoteScreen.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import Foundation
+import CoreGraphics
+
+public struct RemoteScreen: Identifiable, Hashable, Sendable {
+    public let id: UInt32
+    public let frame: CGRect
+
+    public init(id: UInt32, frame: CGRect) {
+        self.id = id
+        self.frame = frame
+    }
+}

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Session/SendableValueBox.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import Foundation
+#if canImport(UIKit)
+import UIKit
+#endif
+
+struct SendableValueBox<Value>: @unchecked Sendable {
+    let value: Value
+    init(_ value: Value) { self.value = value }
+}
+
+enum ClipboardSink {
+    @MainActor
+    static func set(_ text: String) {
+        #if canImport(UIKit)
+        UIPasteboard.general.string = text
+        #endif
+    }
+
+    @MainActor
+    static func read() -> String? {
+        #if canImport(UIKit)
+        guard UIPasteboard.general.hasStrings else { return nil }
+        return UIPasteboard.general.string
+        #else
+        return nil
+        #endif
+    }
+}

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Session/SessionController.swift

@@ -1,42 +1,500 @@
 import Foundation
 import Observation
+import CoreGraphics
+import RoyalVNCKit
 
-@Observable
 @MainActor
+@Observable
 public final class SessionController {
     public private(set) var state: SessionState = .idle
-    public private(set) var lastError: Error?
+    public private(set) var lastErrorMessage: String?
+    public private(set) var framebufferSize: FramebufferSize?
+    public private(set) var currentImage: CGImage?
+    public private(set) var imageRevision: Int = 0
+    public private(set) var lastUpdatedRegion: CGRect?
+    public private(set) var cursorImage: CGImage?
+    public private(set) var cursorHotspot: CGPoint = .zero
+    public private(set) var screens: [RemoteScreen] = []
+    public private(set) var desktopName: String?
+    public private(set) var isReconnecting: Bool = false
+    public private(set) var reconnectAttempt: Int = 0
 
-    private let transport: any Transport
-    private var runTask: Task<Void, Never>?
+    public var viewOnly: Bool
+    public var quality: QualityPreset {
+        didSet { applyQuality() }
+    }
+    public let clipboardSyncEnabled: Bool
 
-    public init(transport: any Transport) {
-        self.transport = transport
+    public let displayName: String
+    public let host: String
+    public let port: Int
+
+    private let keychainTag: String
+    private let passwordProvider: any PasswordProviding
+    private let preferredEncodings: [VNCFrameEncodingType]
+    private let pathProvider: any NetworkPathProviding
+    private let reconnectPolicy: ReconnectPolicy
+
+    private var connection: VNCConnection?
+    private var delegateAdapter: DelegateAdapter?
+    private var redrawScheduled = false
+    private var pendingDirtyRect: CGRect?
+    private var reconnectTask: Task<Void, Never>?
+    private var explicitlyStopped = false
+    private var pathObserver: Task<Void, Never>?
+
+    public init(
+        displayName: String,
+        host: String,
+        port: Int,
+        keychainTag: String,
+        viewOnly: Bool = false,
+        clipboardSyncEnabled: Bool = true,
+        quality: QualityPreset = .adaptive,
+        preferredEncodings: [VNCFrameEncodingType] = .default,
+        passwordProvider: any PasswordProviding = DefaultPasswordProvider(),
+        pathProvider: any NetworkPathProviding = NWPathObserver(),
+        reconnectPolicy: ReconnectPolicy = .default
+    ) {
+        self.displayName = displayName
+        self.host = host
+        self.port = port
+        self.keychainTag = keychainTag
+        self.viewOnly = viewOnly
+        self.clipboardSyncEnabled = clipboardSyncEnabled
+        self.quality = quality
+        self.preferredEncodings = preferredEncodings
+        self.passwordProvider = passwordProvider
+        self.pathProvider = pathProvider
+        self.reconnectPolicy = reconnectPolicy
+    }
+
+    public convenience init(
+        connection saved: SavedConnection,
+        passwordProvider: any PasswordProviding = DefaultPasswordProvider()
+    ) {
+        let decoded = [VNCFrameEncodingType].decode(saved.preferredEncodings)
+        self.init(
+            displayName: saved.displayName,
+            host: saved.host,
+            port: saved.port,
+            keychainTag: saved.keychainTag,
+            viewOnly: saved.viewOnly,
+            clipboardSyncEnabled: saved.clipboardSyncEnabled,
+            quality: saved.quality,
+            preferredEncodings: decoded.isEmpty ? .default : decoded,
+            passwordProvider: passwordProvider
+        )
     }
 
     public func start() {
-        guard case .idle = state else { return }
-        state = .connecting
-        runTask = Task { [weak self] in
-            await self?.run()
+        explicitlyStopped = false
+        reconnectAttempt = 0
+        beginConnect()
+        startObservingPath()
+    }
+
+    public func stop() {
+        explicitlyStopped = true
+        reconnectTask?.cancel()
+        reconnectTask = nil
+        pathObserver?.cancel()
+        pathObserver = nil
+        connection?.disconnect()
+    }
+
+    public func reconnectNow() {
+        reconnectTask?.cancel()
+        reconnectTask = nil
+        connection?.disconnect()
+        beginConnect()
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Pointer
+
+    public func pointerMove(toNormalized point: CGPoint) {
+        guard let pos = framebufferPoint(for: point) else { return }
+        connection?.mouseMove(x: pos.x, y: pos.y)
+    }
+
+    public func pointerDown(_ button: PointerButton, atNormalized point: CGPoint) {
+        guard !viewOnly, let pos = framebufferPoint(for: point) else { return }
+        connection?.mouseButtonDown(button.vnc, x: pos.x, y: pos.y)
+    }
+
+    public func pointerUp(_ button: PointerButton, atNormalized point: CGPoint) {
+        guard !viewOnly, let pos = framebufferPoint(for: point) else { return }
+        connection?.mouseButtonUp(button.vnc, x: pos.x, y: pos.y)
+    }
+
+    public func pointerClick(_ button: PointerButton, atNormalized point: CGPoint) {
+        guard !viewOnly, let pos = framebufferPoint(for: point) else { return }
+        connection?.mouseMove(x: pos.x, y: pos.y)
+        connection?.mouseButtonDown(button.vnc, x: pos.x, y: pos.y)
+        connection?.mouseButtonUp(button.vnc, x: pos.x, y: pos.y)
+    }
+
+    public func pointerScroll(_ direction: ScrollDirection,
+                              steps: UInt32,
+                              atNormalized point: CGPoint) {
+        guard !viewOnly, steps > 0, let pos = framebufferPoint(for: point) else { return }
+        connection?.mouseWheel(direction.vnc, x: pos.x, y: pos.y, steps: steps)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Keyboard
+
+    public func keyDown(keysym: UInt32) {
+        guard !viewOnly else { return }
+        connection?.keyDown(VNCKeyCode(keysym))
+    }
+
+    public func keyUp(keysym: UInt32) {
+        guard !viewOnly else { return }
+        connection?.keyUp(VNCKeyCode(keysym))
+    }
+
+    public func type(_ string: String) {
+        guard !viewOnly else { return }
+        for char in string {
+            if char.isNewline {
+                pressKey(.return)
+                continue
+            }
+            for code in VNCKeyCode.withCharacter(char) {
+                connection?.keyDown(code)
+                connection?.keyUp(code)
+            }
         }
     }
 
-    public func stop() async {
-        runTask?.cancel()
-        await transport.disconnect()
-        state = .disconnected(reason: .userRequested)
+    public func sendBackspace() { pressKey(.delete) }
+    public func sendReturn() { pressKey(.return) }
+    public func sendEscape() { pressKey(.escape) }
+    public func sendTab() { pressKey(.tab) }
+    public func sendArrow(_ direction: ScrollDirection) {
+        switch direction {
+        case .up: pressKey(.upArrow)
+        case .down: pressKey(.downArrow)
+        case .left: pressKey(.leftArrow)
+        case .right: pressKey(.rightArrow)
+        }
+    }
+    public func sendFunctionKey(_ index: Int) {
+        guard let code = VNCKeyCode.functionKey(index) else { return }
+        pressKey(code)
     }
 
-    private func run() async {
-        do {
-            try await transport.connect()
-            state = .authenticating
-            // Phase 1 will plug RoyalVNCKit.VNCConnection here and drive its
-            // state machine from the transport byte stream.
-        } catch {
-            lastError = error
-            state = .disconnected(reason: .networkError(String(describing: error)))
+    public func pressKeyCombo(_ keys: [VNCKeyCode]) {
+        guard !viewOnly, let connection else { return }
+        for code in keys { connection.keyDown(code) }
+        for code in keys.reversed() { connection.keyUp(code) }
+    }
+
+    private func pressKey(_ code: VNCKeyCode) {
+        guard !viewOnly else { return }
+        connection?.keyDown(code)
+        connection?.keyUp(code)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Clipboard
+
+    public func pushLocalClipboardNow(_ text: String) {
+        ClipboardSink.set(text)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Internal handlers (invoked on MainActor by adapter)
+
+    func handleConnectionState(status: VNCConnection.Status, errorMessage: String?) {
+        switch status {
+        case .connecting:
+            state = .connecting
+        case .connected:
+            isReconnecting = false
+            reconnectAttempt = 0
+            if let size = framebufferSize {
+                state = .connected(framebufferSize: size)
+            } else {
+                state = .authenticating
+            }
+        case .disconnecting:
+            break
+        case .disconnected:
+            let reason: DisconnectReason
+            if let errorMessage {
+                if errorMessage.lowercased().contains("authentication") {
+                    reason = .authenticationFailed
+                } else {
+                    reason = .networkError(errorMessage)
+                }
+                lastErrorMessage = errorMessage
+            } else {
+                reason = explicitlyStopped ? .userRequested : .remoteClosed
+            }
+            state = .disconnected(reason: reason)
+            connection?.delegate = nil
+            connection = nil
+            delegateAdapter = nil
+            if !explicitlyStopped, reconnectPolicy.shouldReconnect(for: reason) {
+                scheduleReconnect()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func handleFramebufferCreated(size: FramebufferSize, screens: [RemoteScreen]) {
+        framebufferSize = size
+        self.screens = screens
+        state = .connected(framebufferSize: size)
+        applyQuality()
+    }
+
+    func handleFramebufferResized(size: FramebufferSize, screens: [RemoteScreen]) {
+        framebufferSize = size
+        self.screens = screens
+        state = .connected(framebufferSize: size)
+    }
+
+    func handleFramebufferUpdated(region: CGRect) {
+        if let existing = pendingDirtyRect {
+            pendingDirtyRect = existing.union(region)
+        } else {
+            pendingDirtyRect = region
+        }
+        guard !redrawScheduled else { return }
+        redrawScheduled = true
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.redrawScheduled = false
+            self.refreshImage()
+        }
+    }
+
+    func handleCursorUpdate(image: CGImage?, hotspot: CGPoint) {
+        cursorImage = image
+        cursorHotspot = hotspot
+    }
+
+    func refreshImage() {
+        guard let connection, let fb = connection.framebuffer else { return }
+        currentImage = fb.cgImage
+        lastUpdatedRegion = pendingDirtyRect
+        pendingDirtyRect = nil
+        imageRevision &+= 1
+    }
+
+    // MARK: Helpers
+
+    private func beginConnect() {
+        if connection != nil { return }
+        state = .connecting
+        lastErrorMessage = nil
+        let settings = VNCConnection.Settings(
+            isDebugLoggingEnabled: false,
+            hostname: host,
+            port: UInt16(clamping: port),
+            isShared: true,
+            isScalingEnabled: false,
+            useDisplayLink: false,
+            inputMode: .none,
+            isClipboardRedirectionEnabled: clipboardSyncEnabled,
+            colorDepth: .depth24Bit,
+            frameEncodings: preferredEncodings
+        )
+        let connection = VNCConnection(settings: settings)
+        let adapter = DelegateAdapter(
+            controller: self,
+            passwordProvider: passwordProvider,
+            keychainTag: keychainTag
+        )
+        connection.delegate = adapter
+        self.connection = connection
+        self.delegateAdapter = adapter
+        connection.connect()
+    }
+
+    private func scheduleReconnect() {
+        let attempt = reconnectAttempt + 1
+        reconnectAttempt = attempt
+        guard let delay = reconnectPolicy.delay(for: attempt) else {
+            isReconnecting = false
+            return
+        }
+        isReconnecting = true
+        reconnectTask?.cancel()
+        reconnectTask = Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+            try? await Task.sleep(for: .milliseconds(Int(delay * 1000)))
+            guard let self, !self.explicitlyStopped else { return }
+            self.beginConnect()
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func startObservingPath() {
+        pathObserver?.cancel()
+        let stream = pathProvider.pathChanges
+        pathObserver = Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+            for await change in stream {
+                guard let self else { return }
+                if change.isExpensive != self.lastPathExpensive {
+                    self.lastPathExpensive = change.isExpensive
+                    self.applyQuality()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var lastPathExpensive: Bool = false
+
+    private func applyQuality() {
+        // Phase 2 hook: with extended encodings we'd push CompressionLevel/JPEGQuality
+        // pseudo-encodings here. RoyalVNCKit currently picks fixed levels internally;
+        // the connection re-orders frame encodings on next handshake. For now this is
+        // a no-op stub; the field is wired so QualityPreset round-trips through state.
+        _ = quality
+    }
+
+    private func framebufferPoint(for normalized: CGPoint) -> (x: UInt16, y: UInt16)? {
+        guard let size = framebufferSize else { return nil }
+        let nx = max(0, min(1, normalized.x))
+        let ny = max(0, min(1, normalized.y))
+        let x = UInt16(clamping: Int((nx * CGFloat(size.width - 1)).rounded()))
+        let y = UInt16(clamping: Int((ny * CGFloat(size.height - 1)).rounded()))
+        return (x, y)
+    }
+}
+
+// MARK: - Delegate Adapter
+
+private final class DelegateAdapter: NSObject, VNCConnectionDelegate, @unchecked Sendable {
+    weak var controller: SessionController?
+    let passwordProvider: any PasswordProviding
+    let keychainTag: String
+
+    init(controller: SessionController,
+         passwordProvider: any PasswordProviding,
+         keychainTag: String) {
+        self.controller = controller
+        self.passwordProvider = passwordProvider
+        self.keychainTag = keychainTag
+    }
+
+    func connection(_ connection: VNCConnection,
+                    stateDidChange newState: VNCConnection.ConnectionState) {
+        let status = newState.status
+        let errorMessage: String? = newState.error.flatMap { error in
+            if let localized = error as? LocalizedError, let desc = localized.errorDescription {
+                return desc
+            }
+            return String(describing: error)
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.controller?.handleConnectionState(status: status, errorMessage: errorMessage)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func connection(_ connection: VNCConnection,
+                    credentialFor authenticationType: VNCAuthenticationType,
+                    completion: @escaping (VNCCredential?) -> Void) {
+        let pwd = passwordProvider.password(for: keychainTag) ?? ""
+        let credential: VNCCredential
+        switch authenticationType {
+        case .vnc:
+            credential = VNCPasswordCredential(password: pwd)
+        case .appleRemoteDesktop, .ultraVNCMSLogonII:
+            credential = VNCUsernamePasswordCredential(username: "", password: pwd)
+        @unknown default:
+            credential = VNCPasswordCredential(password: pwd)
+        }
+        completion(credential)
+    }
+
+    func connection(_ connection: VNCConnection,
+                    didCreateFramebuffer framebuffer: VNCFramebuffer) {
+        let size = FramebufferSize(width: Int(framebuffer.size.width),
+                                   height: Int(framebuffer.size.height))
+        let screens = framebuffer.screens.map {
+            RemoteScreen(id: $0.id, frame: $0.cgFrame)
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.controller?.handleFramebufferCreated(size: size, screens: screens)
+            self.controller?.refreshImage()
+        }
+    }
+
+    func connection(_ connection: VNCConnection,
+                    didResizeFramebuffer framebuffer: VNCFramebuffer) {
+        let size = FramebufferSize(width: Int(framebuffer.size.width),
+                                   height: Int(framebuffer.size.height))
+        let screens = framebuffer.screens.map {
+            RemoteScreen(id: $0.id, frame: $0.cgFrame)
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.controller?.handleFramebufferResized(size: size, screens: screens)
+            self.controller?.refreshImage()
+        }
+    }
+
+    func connection(_ connection: VNCConnection,
+                    didUpdateFramebuffer framebuffer: VNCFramebuffer,
+                    x: UInt16, y: UInt16,
+                    width: UInt16, height: UInt16) {
+        let region = CGRect(x: Int(x), y: Int(y), width: Int(width), height: Int(height))
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.controller?.handleFramebufferUpdated(region: region)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func connection(_ connection: VNCConnection,
+                    didUpdateCursor cursor: VNCCursor) {
+        let imageBox = SendableValueBox(cursor.cgImage)
+        let hotspot = cursor.cgHotspot
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.controller?.handleCursorUpdate(image: imageBox.value, hotspot: hotspot)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+private extension VNCKeyCode {
+    static func functionKey(_ index: Int) -> VNCKeyCode? {
+        switch index {
+        case 1: .f1
+        case 2: .f2
+        case 3: .f3
+        case 4: .f4
+        case 5: .f5
+        case 6: .f6
+        case 7: .f7
+        case 8: .f8
+        case 9: .f9
+        case 10: .f10
+        case 11: .f11
+        case 12: .f12
+        case 13: .f13
+        case 14: .f14
+        case 15: .f15
+        case 16: .f16
+        case 17: .f17
+        case 18: .f18
+        case 19: .f19
+        default: nil
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+private extension PointerButton {
+    var vnc: VNCMouseButton {
+        switch self {
+        case .left: .left
+        case .middle: .middle
+        case .right: .right
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+private extension ScrollDirection {
+    var vnc: VNCMouseWheel {
+        switch self {
+        case .up: .up
+        case .down: .down
+        case .left: .left
+        case .right: .right
         }
     }
 }

Packages/VNCCore/Sources/VNCCore/Storage/SavedConnection.swift

@@ -12,8 +12,11 @@ public final class SavedConnection {
     public var preferredEncodings: [String]
     public var keychainTag: String
     public var qualityRaw: String
+    public var inputModeRaw: String
     public var viewOnly: Bool
     public var curtainMode: Bool
+    public var clipboardSyncEnabled: Bool
+    public var notes: String
 
     public init(
         id: UUID = UUID(),
@@ -21,11 +24,14 @@ public final class SavedConnection {
         host: String,
         port: Int = 5900,
         colorTag: ColorTag = .blue,
-        preferredEncodings: [String] = ["tight", "zrle", "hextile", "raw"],
+        preferredEncodings: [String] = ["7", "16", "5", "6"],
         keychainTag: String = UUID().uuidString,
         quality: QualityPreset = .adaptive,
+        inputMode: InputModePreference = .touch,
         viewOnly: Bool = false,
-        curtainMode: Bool = false
+        curtainMode: Bool = false,
+        clipboardSyncEnabled: Bool = true,
+        notes: String = ""
     ) {
         self.id = id
         self.displayName = displayName
@@ -36,8 +42,11 @@ public final class SavedConnection {
         self.preferredEncodings = preferredEncodings
         self.keychainTag = keychainTag
         self.qualityRaw = quality.rawValue
+        self.inputModeRaw = inputMode.rawValue
         self.viewOnly = viewOnly
         self.curtainMode = curtainMode
+        self.clipboardSyncEnabled = clipboardSyncEnabled
+        self.notes = notes
     }
 
     public var colorTag: ColorTag {
@@ -49,6 +58,11 @@ public final class SavedConnection {
         get { QualityPreset(rawValue: qualityRaw) ?? .adaptive }
         set { qualityRaw = newValue.rawValue }
     }
+
+    public var inputMode: InputModePreference {
+        get { InputModePreference(rawValue: inputModeRaw) ?? .touch }
+        set { inputModeRaw = newValue.rawValue }
+    }
 }
 
 public enum ColorTag: String, CaseIterable, Sendable {
@@ -58,3 +72,8 @@ public enum ColorTag: String, CaseIterable, Sendable {
 public enum QualityPreset: String, CaseIterable, Sendable {
     case adaptive, high, low
 }
+
+public enum InputModePreference: String, CaseIterable, Sendable {
+    case touch
+    case trackpad
+}