Fix location/weather error handling and complete localization

Add authorization pre-check and 15s timeout to LocationManager to
prevent hanging continuations. WeatherManager now skips retry queue
when location permission is denied. Settings weather toggle shows
alert directing users to Settings when location is denied. Fill
remaining 32 untranslated strings to reach 100% localization.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Shared/Services/LocationManager.swift

@@ -42,9 +42,49 @@ final class LocationManager: NSObject {
                 return last
             }
 
+            // Pre-check authorization before requesting location
+            switch manager.authorizationStatus {
+            case .denied, .restricted:
+                throw LocationError.permissionDenied
+            case .notDetermined:
+                manager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
+                // Wait briefly for authorization response
+                try await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(1))
+                if manager.authorizationStatus == .denied || manager.authorizationStatus == .restricted {
+                    throw LocationError.permissionDenied
+                }
+            default:
+                break
+            }
+
+            // Request location with a 15-second timeout
             return try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { continuation in
                 self.locationContinuation = continuation
                 self.manager.requestLocation()
+
+                // Schedule timeout — safe because everything is @MainActor (no race)
+                Task { @MainActor in
+                    try? await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(15))
+                    guard self.locationContinuation != nil else { return }
+                    self.locationContinuation?.resume(throwing: LocationError.timeout)
+                    self.locationContinuation = nil
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Errors
+
+    enum LocationError: LocalizedError {
+        case permissionDenied
+        case timeout
+
+        var errorDescription: String? {
+            switch self {
+            case .permissionDenied:
+                return "Location permission denied"
+            case .timeout:
+                return "Location request timed out"
             }
         }
     }